【EmbeddedDev】BBB&RTL8188CUS搭建wifi AP 问题整理

BBB&RTL8188CUS搭建wifi AP 问题整理

1.nl80211 not found.

root@beaglebone:~# iw listnl80211 not found.

解决: 需加载mac80211模块， 参考

http://forum.ubuntu.org.cn/viewtopic.php?f=116&t=479321

http://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/firmware/linux-firmware.git

sudo modprobe mac80211

2.wlan0: error fetching interface information: Device not found

插上无线网卡后能识别并且挂载, 但是通过ifconfig看不到对应的网卡名

root@beaglebone:~# lsusbBus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hubBus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hubBus 001 Device 003: ID 0bda:8176 Realtek Semiconductor Corp. RTL8188CUS 802.11n WLAN Adapterroot@beaglebone:/data/packages/wifi-reset#root@beaglebone:~# ifconfig -aeth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 88:c2:55:6c:1e:ed UP BROADCAST MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B) Interrupt:40lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1 RX packets:56 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:56 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:5224 (5.1 KiB) TX bytes:5224 (5.1 KiB)usb0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 88:c2:55:6c:1e:e0 BROADCAST MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)root@beaglebone:/data/packages/wifi-reset# ifconfig wlan0wlan0: error fetching interface information: Device not found

解决: 需加载对应的驱动, 如RTL5370 RTL8188，而RTL8188系列可以通过8192cu驱动来使用

sudo modprobe 8192cu

参考: https://github.com/desflynn/realtek-8192cu-concurrent-softAP#bring-up-code

3.FATAL: Module iwlwifi not found

root@beaglebone:~# uname -aLinux beaglebone 3.8.13-bone80 #1 SMP Wed Jun 15 17:03:55 UTC 2016 armv7l GNU/Linuxroot@beaglebone:sudo modprobe iwlwifi FATAL: Module iwlwifi not found

该版本内核并没有自带iwlwifi驱动，需要自行编译; 后来也没用到这个模块, 也就不再深究。

4.ifup: interface wlan0 already configured

root@beaglebone:~# ifup wlan0ifup: interface wlan0 already configured

说明wlan0已经启用; 重启过程一般先ifdown再ifup

5.nl80211 driver initialization failed.

root@beaglebone:~# sudo hostapd -d /etc/hostapd/hostapd.confrandom: Trying to read entropy from /dev/randomConfiguration file: /etc/hostapd/hostapd.confCould not open file /sys/class/net/wlan0/phy80211/name: No such file or directorynetlink: Operstate: linkmode=0, operstate=6nl80211: Set mode ifindex 4 iftype 2 (STATION)nl80211: Failed to set interface 4 to mode 2: -19 (No such device)nl80211: Try mode change after setting interface downnl80211: Set mode ifindex 4 iftype 2 (STATION)nl80211: Failed to set interface 4 to mode 2: -19 (No such device)nl80211: Interface mode change to 2 from 0 failednl80211 driver initialization failed.

解决:

1）/etc/hostapd/hostapd.conf中修改使用的driver类型

driver=nl80211 —> driver=rtl871xdrv

2）不能使用官方默认安装的hostapd版本, 具体参考–

http://www.daveconroy.com/turn-your-raspberry-pi-into-a-wifi-hotspot-with-edimax-nano-usb-ew-7811un-rtl8188cus-chipset/

http://blog.csdn.net/paul_c_v/article/details/41585483

6.modprobe: invalid option -- 'l'

modprobe: invalid option – ‘l’

这时modprobe版本的问题引起的, 具体参考:http://forum.ubuntu.org.cn/viewtopic.php?f=116&t=469088

查看所有 你正使用中的 Linux kernel 版本 能夠提供的 Linux kernel Modules:sudo ls -alRUv /lib/modules/$(uname -r)/kernel

7.ioctl[RTL_IOCTL_HOSTAPD]: Invalid argument

root@beaglebone:/data/packages# sudo hostapd /etc/hostapd/hostapd.confConfiguration file: /etc/hostapd/hostapd.confdrv->ifindex=4l2_sock_recv==l2_sock_xmit=0x0x64648+rtl871x_sta_deauth_ops, ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff is deauth, reason=2rtl871x_set_key_opsrtl871x_set_key_opsrtl871x_set_key_opsrtl871x_set_key_opsUsing interface wlan0 with hwaddr 00:1d:43:20:01:74 and ssid 'moxiaomomo'rtl871x_set_wps_assoc_resp_iertl871x_set_wps_beacon_iertl871x_set_wps_probe_resp_iertl871x_set_key_opsrtl871x_set_beacon_opsrtl871x_set_hidden_ssid_opsioctl[RTL_IOCTL_HOSTAPD]: Invalid argument

可以参考上面第5点, 使用其他版本的hostapd; 具体操作也可以参考这个:

https://forums.adafruit.com/viewtopic.php?f=19&t=47716 中的这部分内容

cd /tmp ##sudo wget "ftp://95.130.192.218/cn/wlan/RTL8188C_8192C_USB_linux_v4.0.2_9000.20130911.zip" ##(without the quotes)sudo wget "http://12244.wpc.azureedge.net/8012244/drivers/rtdrivers/cn/wlan/0001-RTL8188C_8192C_USB_linux_v4.0.2_9000.20130911.zip"sudo unzip RTL8188C_8192C_USB_linux_v4.0.2_9000.20130911.zipcd RTL8188C_8192C_USB_linux_v4.0.2_9000.20130911cd wpa_supplicant_hostapdsudo tar -xvf wpa_supplicant_hostapd-0.8_rtw_r7475.20130812.tar.gzcd wpa_supplicant_hostapd-0.8_rtw_r7475.20130812cd hostapdsudo makesudo make installsudo mv hostapd /usr/sbin/hostapdsudo chown root.root /usr/sbin/hostapdsudo chmod 755 /usr/sbin/hostapd

8. 创建AP后, 移动设备连接wifi时卡在 "正在获取IP地址"

原因是路由没有给移动设备分配ip地址, 一般需要开启dhcp服务;

修改/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf， 并且启动dhcpd

可参考: http://www.jb51.net/os/Ubuntu/388419.html

9.连上了热点, iphone手机却没有wifi信号, 安卓手机联网提示net:ERR_NAME_NOT_RESOLVED

dns配置出了问题, 首先在/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf中subnet部分 确定是否增加了配置option domain-name-servers

10.RTNETLINK answers: File exists

root@beaglebone:/data/packages/realtek-8192cu-concurrent-softAP# ifup wlan0RTNETLINK answers: File existsFailed to bring up wlan0.

应该是/etc/network/interfaces配置有问题，

auto wlan0    iface eth0 inet static

尝试去掉iface前的空格, 修改为:

auto wlan0iface eth0 inet static

再尝试ifdown/ifup

11.配置wlan1为AP模式，wlan0为连接路由器模式

具体可参考:

https://github.com/desflynn/realtek-8192cu-concurrent-softAP#bring-up-code

https://pannzh.github.io/tech/2016/04/04/linux-kernel-forwarding.html

http://m.blog.csdn.net/article/details?id=51010243

http://blog.csdn.net/paul_c_v/article/details/41585483

http://www.cnblogs.com/buptmuye/p/3695790.html

以下为通过有线网卡转发的例子

配置路由转发这里是参考：把树莓派配置成无线路由器  通过前面的配置过程，已经可以通过无线网络连接到Raspberry pi的无线网卡，但是还不能连接到互联网，下一步就是让从无线网卡 wlan0 进来的数据 转发到 有线网卡 eth0上面 通过有线网卡连接网络接到互联网。  因为eth0是获取的动态ip，所以这里通过iptables来实现简单的路由转发。 输入命令sudo iptables -F sudo iptables -X sudo iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE sudo bash iptables-save > /etc/iptables.up.rules exit输入sudo nano /etc/network/if-pre-up.d/iptables把下面两行复制粘贴到编辑窗口#!/bin/bash /sbin/iptables-restore < /etc/iptables.up.rules保存退出，输入命令。sudo chmod 755 /etc/network/if-pre-up.d/iptables开启内核转发，输入命令。sudo nano /etc/sysctl.conf找到这里# Uncomment the next line to enable packet forwarding for IPv4#net.ipv4.ip_forward=1去掉 net.ipv4.ip_forward 前面的#，保存退出，输入命令。sudo sysctl -p配置完毕 通过无线连接上以后ping一下外网，可以通了，这样就可以把Raspberry Pi 当作路由器来用了。

12. ioctl[SIOCSIWAP]: Operation not permitted

root@beaglebone:~# wpa_supplicant -B -iwlan0 -Dwext -c/etc/wpa_supplicant.confioctl[SIOCSIWAP]: Operation not permittedioctl[SIOCSIWENCODEEXT]: Invalid argumentioctl[SIOCSIWENCODEEXT]: Invalid argument

暂时没找到原因和解决方案, 不过这个报警貌似也没造成什么影响。

================================

我的参考配置

root@beaglebone:~# cat /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf

## Sample configuration file for ISC dhcpd for Debian### The ddns-updates-style parameter controls whether or not the server will# attempt to do a DNS update when a lease is confirmed. We default to the# behavior of the version 2 packages ('none', since DHCP v2 didn't# have support for DDNS.)#ddns-update-style none;INTERFACES="wlan1";default-lease-time 600;max-lease-time 7200;# If this DHCP server is the official DHCP server for the local# network, the authoritative directive should be uncommented.#authoritative;# This is a very basic subnet declaration for 192.168.12.*subnet 192.168.12.0 netmask 255.255.255.0{ range 192.168.12.10 192.168.12.50; option routers 192.168.12.1; #option domain-name-servers 202.99.166.4,202.99.160.68; option domain-name-servers 8.8.8.8; option broadcast-address 192.168.12.255;}

root@beaglebone:~# cat /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf

network={ ssid="T-1000" #psk="1qazxsw23edcvfr4!" psk=39b26236550ac04b4026bfa020e54ec1308f5ee8ad726a846655d0f1a2e4a33d}

root@beaglebone:~# cat /etc/hostapd/hostapd.conf

ctrl_interface=/var/run/hostapdctrl_interface_group=0macaddr_acl=0auth_algs=1ignore_broadcast_ssid=0#WPA2 settingswpa=3wpa_key_mgmt=WPA-PSKwpa_pairwise=TKIPrsn_pairwise=CCMP# CHANGE THE PASSPHRASEwpa_passphrase=moxiaomomo# Most modern wireless drivers in the kernel need driver=nl80211 byt we need rtl871xdrvdriver=rtl871xdrvwme_enabled=1wpa_group_rekey=86400# set proper interfaceinterface=wlan1bridge=lanbr0hw_mode=g# best channels are 1 6 11 14 (scan networks first to find which slot is free)channel=11# this is the network namessid=moxiaomomo

root@beaglebone:~# cat /etc/network/interfaces

# This file describes the network interfaces available on your system# and how to activate them. For more information, see interfaces(5).# The loopback network interfaceiface lo inet loopback### The primary network interface#iface eth0 inet static# address 10.0.0.200# netmask 255.255.255.0# network 10.0.0.1# gateway 10.0.0.1# WiFi Setup Client on wlan0 + AP on wlan1auto wlan0allow-hotplug wlan0iface wlan0 inet static address 10.0.0.177 netmask 255.255.255.0 network 10.0.0.1 gateway 10.0.0.1 wpa-ssid "T-1000" wpa-psk "1qazxsw23edcvfr4!"allow-hotplug wlan1iface wlan1 inet static address 192.168.12.1#Enable on startupauto lo eth0

root@beaglebone:~# lsusb

Bus 001 Device 002: ID 0409:005a NEC Corp. HighSpeed HubBus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hubBus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hubBus 001 Device 003: ID 0bda:8176 Realtek Semiconductor Corp. RTL8188CUS 802.11n WLAN AdapterBus 001 Device 004: ID 413c:2113 Dell Computer Corp.

root@beaglebone:~# lsmod

Module                  Size  Used by8192cu                417956  0 g_multi                50407  2 libcomposite           15028  1 g_multimac80211              424813  0 cfg80211              354018  1 mac80211rfkill                 16672  2 cfg80211omap_rng                4062  0 xt_tcpudp               1841  3 xt_state                1217  2 iptable_filter          1479  1 ipt_MASQUERADE          1573  6 iptable_nat             2172  1 nf_conntrack_ipv4      11792  3 nf_defrag_ipv4          1324  1 nf_conntrack_ipv4nf_nat_ipv4             3018  1 iptable_natnf_nat                 13695  3 ipt_MASQUERADE,nf_nat_ipv4,iptable_natnf_conntrack           69347  6 ipt_MASQUERADE,nf_nat,xt_state,nf_nat_ipv4,iptable_nat,nf_conntrack_ipv4ip_tables               9478  2 iptable_filter,iptable_natx_tables               15355  5 ip_tables,xt_tcpudp,ipt_MASQUERADE,xt_state,iptable_filterrt5370sta             535960  0 

root@beaglebone:~# ifconfig -a

eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 88:c2:55:6c:1e:ed UP BROADCAST MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B) Interrupt:40lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1 RX packets:56 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:56 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:5224 (5.1 KiB) TX bytes:5224 (5.1 KiB)usb0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 88:c2:55:6c:1e:e0 BROADCAST MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)wlan0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:1d:43:20:01:74 inet addr:10.0.0.177 Bcast:10.0.0.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::21d:43ff:fe20:174/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:21513 errors:0 dropped:22026 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:16167 errors:0 dropped:3 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:17389209 (16.5 MiB) TX bytes:2366728 (2.2 MiB)wlan1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 02:1d:43:20:01:74 inet addr:192.168.12.1 Bcast:192.168.12.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::1d:43ff:fe20:174/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:42859 errors:0 dropped:887 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:14727 errors:0 dropped:82 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:2311874 (2.2 MiB) TX bytes:14785216 (14.1 MiB)

root@beaglebone:/data/packages/realtek-8192cu-concurrent-softAP# cat bring-up.sh

#Script to kill any existing hostapd, dhcps, wpa_supplicant, dhcpd, dnsmasq etc then bring up AP and Clientkillall wpa_supplicant hostapd dnsmasq dhcpd udhcpdifdown wlan1ifup wlan1dhcpd -cf /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf -pf /var/run/dhcpd.pid wlan1hostapd -B /etc/hostapd/hostapd.confifdown wlan0wpa_supplicant -B -iwlan0 -Dwext -c/etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.confifup wlan0