boundingRectWithSize:options:attributes:context:代替sizeWithFont:constrainedToSize:lineBreakMode:

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之前用Text Kit写Reader的时候,在分页时要计算一段文本的尺寸大小,之前使用了NSString类的sizeWithFont:constrainedToSize:lineBreakMode:方法,但是该方法已经被iOS7 Deprecated了,而iOS7新出了一个boudingRectWithSize:options:attributes:context方法来代替:

先来看看iOS7 SDK包中关于boudingRectWithSize:options:attributes:context方法的定义:

// NOTE: All of the following methods will default to drawing on a baseline, limiting drawing to a single line.  // To correctly draw and size multi-line text, pass NSStringDrawingUsesLineFragmentOrigin in the options parameter.  @interface NSString (NSExtendedStringDrawing)  - (void)drawWithRect:(CGRect)rect options:(NSStringDrawingOptions)options attributes:(NSDictionary *)attributes context:(NSStringDrawingContext *)context NS_AVAILABLE_IOS(7_0);  - (CGRect)boundingRectWithSize:(CGSize)size options:(NSStringDrawingOptions)options attributes:(NSDictionary *)attributes context:(NSStringDrawingContext *)context NS_AVAILABLE_IOS(7_0);  @end

关于该方法,NSAttributedString其实也有一个同名的方法:

@interface NSAttributedString (NSExtendedStringDrawing)  - (void)drawWithRect:(CGRect)rect options:(NSStringDrawingOptions)options context:(NSStringDrawingContext *)context NS_AVAILABLE_IOS(6_0);  - (CGRect)boundingRectWithSize:(CGSize)size options:(NSStringDrawingOptions)options context:(NSStringDrawingContext *)context NS_AVAILABLE_IOS(6_0);  @end

boundingRectWithSize:options:context:

返回文本绘制所占据的矩形空间。

- (CGRect)boundingRectWithSize:(CGSize)size options:(NSStringDrawingOptions)options context:(NSStringDrawingContext *)context

参数

  • size

宽高限制,用于计算文本绘制时占据的矩形块。

The width and height constraints to apply when computing the string’s bounding rectangle.

  • options

文本绘制时的附加选项。可能取值请参考“NSStringDrawingOptions”。

  • context

context上下文。包括一些信息,例如如何调整字间距以及缩放。最终,该对象包含的信息将用于文本绘制。该参数可为 nil 。

  • 返回值

一个矩形,大小等于文本绘制完将占据的宽和高。

讨论

可以使用该方法计算文本绘制所需的空间。size 参数是一个constraint ,用于在绘制文本时作为参考。但是,如果绘制完整个文本需要更大的空间,则返回的矩形大小可能比 size 更大。一般,绘制时会采用constraint 提供的宽度,但高度则会根据需要而定。

另外,关于参数(NSStringDrawingOptions)options

typedef NS_OPTIONS(NSInteger, NSStringDrawingOptions) {    NSStringDrawingUsesLineFragmentOrigin = 1 << 0, // The specified origin is the line fragment origin, not the base line origin    NSStringDrawingUsesFontLeading = 1 << 1, // Uses the font leading for calculating line heights    NSStringDrawingUsesDeviceMetrics = 1 << 3, // Uses image glyph bounds instead of typographic bounds    NSStringDrawingTruncatesLastVisibleLine NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE(10_5, 6_0) = 1 << 5, // Truncates and adds the ellipsis character to the last visible line if the text doesn't fit into the bounds specified. Ignored if NSStringDrawingUsesLineFragmentOrigin is not also set.} NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE(10_0, 6_0);
  • NSStringDrawingTruncatesLastVisibleLine:

如果文本内容超出指定的矩形限制,文本将被截去并在最后一个字符后加上省略号。如果没有指定NSStringDrawingUsesLineFragmentOrigin选项,则该选项被忽略。

  • NSStringDrawingUsesLineFragmentOrigin:

绘制文本时使用 line fragement origin 而不是 baseline origin。

The origin specified when drawing the string is the line fragment origin and not the baseline origin.

  • NSStringDrawingUsesFontLeading:

计算行高时使用行距。(译者注:字体大小+行间距=行距)

  • NSStringDrawingUsesDeviceMetrics:

计算布局时使用图元字形(而不是印刷字体)。

Use the image glyph bounds (instead of the typographic bounds) when computing layout.

简单写了一个Demo来看看该方法的使用,并比较了一下各个options的不同,首先是代码:

NSAttributedString *attrStr = [[NSAttributedString alloc] initWithString:textView.text];  textView.attributedText = attrStr;  NSRange range = NSMakeRange(0, attrStr.length);  NSDictionary *dic = [attrStr attributesAtIndex:0 effectiveRange:&range];   // 获取该段attributedString的属性字典  // 计算文本的大小  CGSize textSize = [textView.text boundingRectWithSize:textView.bounds.size // 用于计算文本绘制时占据的矩形块                                                options:NSStringDrawingUsesLineFragmentOrigin | NSStringDrawingUsesFontLeading // 文本绘制时的附加选项                                             attributes:dic        // 文字的属性                                                context:nil].size; // context上下文。包括一些信息,例如如何调整字间距以及缩放。该对象包含的信息将用于文本绘制。该参数可为nil  NSLog(@"w = %f", textSize.width);  NSLog(@"h = %f", textSize.height); 

再看看不同的options下控制台的输出结果:

NSStringDrawingUsesLineFragmentOrigin | NSStringDrawingUsesFontLeading  2013-09-02 21:04:47.470 BoudingRect_i7_Demo[3532:a0b] w = 322.171875  2013-09-02 21:04:47.471 BoudingRect_i7_Demo[3532:a0b] h = 138.000015  NSStringDrawingUsesLineFragmentOrigin // The specified origin is the line fragment origin, not the base line origin  2013-09-02 17:35:40.547 BoudingRect_i7_Demo[1871:a0b] w = 318.398438  2013-09-02 17:35:40.549 BoudingRect_i7_Demo[1871:a0b] h = 69.000000  NSStringDrawingTruncatesLastVisibleLine // Truncates and adds the ellipsis character to the last visible line if the text doesn't fit into the bounds specified. Ignored if NSStringDrawingUsesLineFragmentOrigin is not also set.  2013-09-02 17:37:38.398 BoudingRect_i7_Demo[1902:a0b] w = 1523.408203  2013-09-02 17:37:38.400 BoudingRect_i7_Demo[1902:a0b] h = 13.800000  NSStringDrawingUsesFontLeading // Uses the font leading for calculating line heights  2013-09-02 17:40:45.903 BoudingRect_i7_Demo[1932:a0b] w = 1523.408203  2013-09-02 17:40:45.905 BoudingRect_i7_Demo[1932:a0b] h = 13.800000  NSStringDrawingUsesDeviceMetrics // Uses image glyph bounds instead of typographic bounds  2013-09-02 17:42:03.283 BoudingRect_i7_Demo[1956:a0b] w = 1523.408203  2013-09-02 17:42:03.284 BoudingRect_i7_Demo[1956:a0b] h = 13.800000  

其中如果options参数为NSStringDrawingUsesLineFragmentOrigin,那么整个文本将以每行组成的矩形为单位计算整个文本的尺寸。(在这里有点奇怪,因为字体高度大概是13.8,textView中大概有10行文字,此时用该选项计算出来的只有5行,即高度为69,而同时使用NSStringDrawingUsesFontLeading | NSStringDrawingUsesLineFragmentOrigin却可以得出文字刚好有10行,即高度为138,这里要等iOS7官方的文档出来再看看选项的说明,因为毕竟以上文档是iOS6的东西)

如果为NSStringDrawingTruncatesLastVisibleLine或者NSStringDrawingUsesDeviceMetric,那么计算文本尺寸时将以每个字或字形为单位来计算。

如果为NSStringDrawingUsesFontLeading则以字体间的行距(leading,行距:从一行文字的底部到另一行文字底部的间距。)来计算。

各个参数是可以组合使用的,如NSStringDrawingUsesLineFragmentOrigin | NSStringDrawingTruncatesLastVisibleLine。

根据该方法我调整了一下Reader的分页方法:(主要是将被iOS7 Deprecated的sizeWithFont:constrainedToSize:lineBreakMode:方法改成了boudingRectWithSize:options:attributes:context:方法来计算文本尺寸)

/* 判断是否需要分页和进行分页动作 */  -(BOOL)paging  {      /* 获取Settings中设定好的字体(主要是获取字体大小) */      static const CGFloat textScaleFactor = 1.; // 设置文字比例      NSString *textStyle = [curPageView.textView tkd_textStyle]; // 设置文字样式      preferredFont_ = [UIFont tkd_preferredFontWithTextStyle:textStyle scale:textScaleFactor]; //设置prferredFont(包括样式和大小)      NSLog(@"paging: %@", preferredFont_.fontDescriptor.fontAttributes); // 在控制台中输出字体的属性字典      /* 设定每页的页面尺寸 */      NSUInteger height = (int)self.view.bounds.size.height - 40.0; // 页面的高度      /* 获取文本的总尺寸 */      NSDictionary *dic = preferredFont_.fontDescriptor.fontAttributes;      CGSize totalTextSize = [bookItem.content.string boundingRectWithSize:curPageView.textView.bounds.size                                                                   options:NSStringDrawingUsesLineFragmentOrigin                                                                attributes:dic                                                                   context:nil].size;      NSLog(@"w = %f", totalTextSize.width);      NSLog(@"h = %f", totalTextSize.height);      /* 开始分页 */      if (totalTextSize.height < height) {          /* 如果一页就能显示完,直接显示所有文本 */          totalPages_   = 1;             // 设定总页数为1          charsPerPage_ = [bookItem.content length]; // 设定每页的字符数          textLength_   = [bookItem.content length]; // 设定文本总长度          return NO;                     // 不用分页      }      else {          /* 计算理想状态下的页面数量和每页所显示的字符数量,用来作为参考值用 */          textLength_                       = [bookItem.content length];                   // 文本的总长度          NSUInteger referTotalPages        = (int)totalTextSize.height / (int)height + 1; // 理想状态下的总页数          NSUInteger referCharactersPerPage = textLength_ / referTotalPages;               // 理想状态下每页的字符数          // 输出理想状态下的参数信息          NSLog(@"textLength             = %d", textLength_);          NSLog(@"referTotalPages        = %d", referTotalPages);          NSLog(@"referCharactersPerPage = %d", referCharactersPerPage);          /* 根据referCharactersPerPage和text view的高度开始动态调整每页的字符数 */          // 如果referCharactersPerPage过大,则直接调整至下限值,减少调整的时间          if (referCharactersPerPage > 1000) {              referCharactersPerPage = 1000;          }          // 获取理想状态下的每页文本的范围和pageText及其尺寸          NSRange range       = NSMakeRange(referCharactersPerPage, referCharactersPerPage); // 一般第一页字符数较少,所以取第二页的文本范围作为调整的参考标准          NSString *pageText  = [bookItem.content.string substringWithRange:range]; // 获取该范围内的文本          NSLog(@"%@", pageText);          NSRange ptrange = NSMakeRange(0, pageText.length);          NSDictionary *ptdic = [[bookItem.content attributedSubstringFromRange:ptrange] attributesAtIndex:0 effectiveRange:&ptrange];          CGSize pageTextSize = [pageText boundingRectWithSize:curPageView.textView.bounds.size                                                       options:NSStringDrawingUsesLineFragmentOrigin                                                    attributes:ptdic                                                       context:nil].size;          // 若pageText超出text view的显示范围,则调整referCharactersPerPage          NSLog(@"height = %d", height);          while (pageTextSize.height > height) {               NSLog(@"pageTextSize.height = %f", pageTextSize.height);              referCharactersPerPage -= 2;                                      // 每页字符数减2              range                   = NSMakeRange(0, referCharactersPerPage); // 重置每页字符的范围              ptdic = [[bookItem.content attributedSubstringFromRange:range] attributesAtIndex:0 effectiveRange:&range];              CGSize pageTextSize = [pageText boundingRectWithSize:curPageView.textView.bounds.size                                                           options:NSStringDrawingUsesLineFragmentOrigin                                                        attributes:ptdic                                                           context:nil].size;              pageText                = [bookItem.content.string substringWithRange:range];        // 重置pageText              pageTextSize = [pageText boundingRectWithSize:curPageView.textView.bounds.size                                                    options:NSStringDrawingUsesLineFragmentOrigin                                                 attributes:ptdic                                                    context:nil].size; // 获取pageText的尺寸          }          // 根据调整后的referCharactersPerPage设定好charsPerPage_          charsPerPage_ = referCharactersPerPage;           NSLog(@"cpp: %d", charsPerPage_);          // 计算totalPages_          totalPages_ = (int)bookItem.content.length / charsPerPage_ + 1;          NSLog(@"ttp: %d", totalPages_);          // 计算最后一页的字符数,防止范围溢出          charsOfLastPage_ = textLength_ - (totalPages_ - 1) * charsPerPage_;          NSLog(@"colp: %d", charsOfLastPage_);          // 分页完成          return YES;      }  } 
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