周报：8.15-8.21，Struts2实现文件上传和下载（上传）
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网站编写很多时候要实现附件上传和下载。
而我这里说下自己用ajax技术写文件上传和下载的过程和方法。
先不急着说实现的方法，在写之前先确定几件事：
1.文件存哪
2.哪些功能要用到上传和下载。（这点很重要，如我做的指标项管理是要在上传的时候可以添加文件，添加文件的过程是，在文件控件选择文件点击上传，这时候文件应该上传到临时文件夹里，而数据库应该有个表记录上传的文件，具体的字段有，主键文件id，文件路径，文件原名称，文件转化后唯一名称等。而上传成功后返回前台该文件的id，若要显示文件名，也可多传一个文件原名称）。
确定后实现上传，具体流程：
1.页面上定义一个file控件和上传操作按钮，也可以定义一些文本框查看返回数据。
具体代码：
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"%><%@ page contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"%><%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%><!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><html> <head> <title>文件上传测试</title> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <script type="text/javascript" src='<c:url value="/resource/js/data.js" />'></script> <script src="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/resource/m/boot.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/resource/m/miniui/jquery-1.7.2.min.js"/></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/resource/js/ajaxfileupload.js"></script> <LINK href="<c:url value='/resource/css/custom.css'/>" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <div id="tabUnploadForm"> <fieldSet> <legend style="font-size:18px">上传测试</legend> <table> <tr> <td> <input type="file" id="uploadfile" name="file" /> </td> </tr> <tr> <td ><input id="upload3" type="button" value="上传测试"onclick="return uploadFile3();"/></td> </tr> <tr> <td> 文件id： </td> <td> <input id ="tmpfileid" class = "mini-textbox " name="tmpfileid"/> </td> <td> 文件路径： </td> <td> <input id ="uploaddir" class = "mini-textbox " name="uploaddir"/> </td> <td> 文件名： </td> <td> <input id ="filename" class = "mini-textbox " name="filename"/> <input id ="savename" class= "mini-textbox" name="savename"/> </td> <td width="10%"><a href="/hzrsmh/portal/common/download.action?fileType=00&fileid=106"/>下载</td> </tr> </table> </fieldSet> </div> <script type="text/javascript"> function uploadFile3(){ $.ajaxFileUpload({ url:'<c:url value="/portal/common/uploadFile.action"/>', secureuri:false, fileElementId : 'uploadfile', dataType : 'json', success:function(data,status){ alert("上传成功"); var tf = mini.get("tmpfileid"); var ul = mini.get("uploaddir"); var fn = mini.get("filename"); var sn = mini.get("savename"); tf.setValue(data.result[0].tmpfileid); ul.setValue(data.result[0].uploaddir); fn.setValue(decodeURI(data.result[0].filename)); sn.setValue(data.result[0].savename); }, error:function(data,status,e){ alert(e); alert(data.msg); } }); } </script> </body></html>注：上传要导入ajaxfileupload.js，界面使用miniui，要导入jquery-1.7.2.min.js
2.在action中获得返回的文件，文件名和编码类型，具体action继承于BaseUploadAction，它的作用是打包一些数据传输的方法，节省代码。
BaseUploadAction(未给出import):
public abstract class BaseUploadFileAction extends ActionSupport implements AjaxProvider, ModelDriven, SessionAware,ParameterAware, ServletRequestAware, ServletResponseAware{ private Writer writer; private String defaultEncoding; public static final String ERRORS = "{success:false,result:[{}],exception:[{msg:'%s'}]}"; protected Map session; protected Map parameters; protected HttpServletRequest servletRequest; protected HttpServletResponse servletResponse; private String responseData; private String errorResultLocation; private boolean ajaxSuccess; public BaseUploadFileAction() { this.defaultEncoding = "UTF-8"; } @Override public String execute() throws Exception { String result = null; try { result = operate(); } catch (Exception e) { writerJson(String.format(ERRORS, getErrorMsg(e))); e.printStackTrace(); return null; } writerJson(result); return null; } public String getErrorMsg(Throwable throwable) { if (throwable instanceof BusinessException) { return throwable.getMessage(); } return getErrorMsg(throwable.getCause()); } public void writerJson(String json) throws IOException { if(json ==null ||json.trim().length()==0) return; HttpServletResponse response = ServletActionContext.getResponse(); String contentType = "text/html" + ";charset=" + defaultEncoding; response.setContentType(contentType); response.getWriter().write(json); response.getWriter().flush(); } public Object getModel() { return getValueObject(); } public Map getSession() { return this.session; } public void setSession(Map session) { this.session = session; } public Map getParameters() { return this.parameters; } public void setParameters(Map parameters) { this.parameters = parameters; } public HttpServletRequest getServletRequest() { return this.servletRequest; } public HttpServletResponse getServletResponse() { return this.servletResponse; } public void setServletRequest(HttpServletRequest servletRequest) { this.servletRequest = servletRequest; } public void setServletResponse(HttpServletResponse servletResponse) { this.servletResponse = servletResponse; } public String getErrorResultLocation() { return this.errorResultLocation; } public String getResponseData() { return this.responseData; } public boolean hasAjaxErrors() { String object = (String)ActionContext.getContext().get("com.framework.core.web.ajax.errors.flag"); return Boolean.parseBoolean(object); } public boolean isAjaxSuccess() { return this.ajaxSuccess; } public void setAjaxSuccess(boolean ajaxSuccess) { this.ajaxSuccess = ajaxSuccess; } public void setErrorResultLocation(String errorResultLocation) { this.errorResultLocation = errorResultLocation; } public void setResponseData(String arg0) { this.responseData = responseData; } protected abstract String operate(); protected abstract ValueObject getValueObject();}ajaxFIleUpload（import没给出）:
public class AjaxFileUploadAction extends BaseUploadFileAction{ private File file; private String fileFileName; private String fileContentType; WpsTmpFileService wpsTmpFileService ; public void setWpsTmpFileService(WpsTmpFileService wpsTmpFileService){ this.wpsTmpFileService = wpsTmpFileService; } @Override protected ValueObject getValueObject() { // TODO Auto-generated method stub return null; } @Override protected String operate() { // TODO Auto-generated method stub String json = null; String username = UserContextUtils.getOperatorName(); Long userid = UserContextUtils.getOperatorId(); String path = servletRequest.getRealPath("")+"/upload/temp/"; try{ WpsTmpFileVO tmpFileVO = new WpsTmpFileVO(); WpsTmpFileDTO tmpFileDTO= wpsTmpFileService.uploadFileToTmp(file, path, fileFileName, username, userid); tmpFileVO.setFileName(tmpFileDTO.getFilename()); tmpFileVO.setTmpFileId(tmpFileDTO.getTmpfileid()); tmpFileVO.setUploadDir(tmpFileDTO.getUploaddir()); tmpFileVO.setSavename(tmpFileDTO.getSavename()); //生成json操作 json = String.format("{success:true,result:[{tmpfileid:'%s',uploaddir:'%s',filename:'%s',savename:'%s'}]}",tmpFileVO.getTmpFileId(),tmpFileVO.getUploadDir(),tmpFileVO.getFileName(),tmpFileVO.getSavename()); this.servletResponse.setContentType("text/plain;charset=utf-8"); this.servletResponse.getWriter().write(json); this.servletResponse.getWriter().flush(); }catch(IOException e){ e.printStackTrace(); } return null; } public File getFile() { return file; } public void setFile(File file) { this.file = file; } public String getFileFileName() { return fileFileName; } public void setFileFileName(String fileFileName) { this.fileFileName = fileFileName; } public String getFileContentType() { return fileContentType; } public void setFileContentType(String fileContentType) { this.fileContentType = fileContentType; }}3.在service层中先进行文件上传操作，再将文件信息保存到表中并返回sequence生成的文件id。
public class WpsTmpFileServiceImpl implements WpsTmpFileService{ private static final String DEFAULT_VALUE="00"; WpsTmpFileDao wpsTmpFileDao ; public void setWpsTmpFileDao(WpsTmpFileDao wpsTmpFileDao){ this.wpsTmpFileDao = wpsTmpFileDao; } //上传文件操作，上传到upload/temp/ public WpsTmpFileDTO uploadFileToTmp(File file ,String path,String filename,String username,Long userid){ String fileName = getRandomName(filename); String filepath = path+fileName; String url = filepath; url = url.replaceAll("\\\\", "/"); File saveFile = new File(new File(path),"新文件名.jpg"); if(!saveFile.getParentFile().exists()){ saveFile.getParentFile().mkdirs(); } try { InputStream in = new FileInputStream(file);//把文件读入 OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(url);//建立一个上传文件的输出流 int bytesRead; byte[] buffer = new byte[1024]; while ((bytesRead = in.read(buffer, 0, 1024)) != -1) { out.write(buffer, 0, bytesRead);//将文件写入服务器 } out.close(); in.close(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } filepath="/upload/temp/"; return SaveToTable(filepath,fileName,username,userid,filename); } //将文件数据保存到临时文件表 public WpsTmpFileDTO SaveToTable(String filepath , String filename ,String username,Long userid,String savename){ WpsTmpFileDTO tmpFileDTO = new WpsTmpFileDTO(); Date now = new Date(); tmpFileDTO.setFilename(filename); tmpFileDTO.setType(DEFAULT_VALUE); tmpFileDTO.setUploaddir(filepath); tmpFileDTO.setUsername(username); tmpFileDTO.setUserid(userid); tmpFileDTO.setUploadtime(now); tmpFileDTO.setSavename(savename); WpsTmpFile tmpFile = ModelUtils.copyAs(tmpFileDTO, WpsTmpFile.class); return wpsTmpFileDao.SaveAndGet(tmpFile); }//获取文件类型public static String getPostfix(String path){ if(path ==null || "".equals(path.trim())){ return ""; } if(path.contains(".")){ return path.substring(path.lastIndexOf(".")+1,path.length()); } return ""; } //生成文件随机名 public static String getRandomName(String filename){ SimpleDateFormat dateFormat=new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMddHHmmss"); String dateStr=dateFormat.format(new Date()); Random r = new Random(); Integer integer = new Integer(r.nextInt(10000)); String s =String.valueOf(integer); filename = dateStr+s+"."+getPostfix(filename); return filename; } public WpsTmpFileDTO getFileById(String fileid){ Long lfileid = Long.parseLong(fileid); return ModelUtils.copyAs(wpsTmpFileDao.load(lfileid), WpsTmpFileDTO.class); }@Overridepublic WpsTmpFile getTmpFileById(long tmpfileid) { return wpsTmpFileDao.getTmpFileById(tmpfileid);}}至此一套文件上传过程基本实现。
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