基于Nginx，搭建HLS（HTTP Live Streaming）server，点播&直播

来源：互联网发布：淘宝运营团队分工编辑：程序博客网时间：2024/06/06 00:19

Ubuntu中Nginx的安装与配置

点播（VOD）

/usr/local/nginx/html
放入index_SIM1.m3u8，以及m3u8文件夹
访问ip/index_SIM1.m3u8 即可

tips：自适应码率
这个功能需要server和local player配合，server放入多套码率的切片，本地访问点播地址会下载一级m3u8目录，包含了二级多个码率的m3u8目录，这样在本地player侦测下载速度有变化时，自动选择合适的码率地址去取切片。

一级目录样本：

#EXTM3U#EXT-X-STREAM-INF:PROGRAM-ID=1,BANDWIDTH=120320,RESOLUTION=176x144,CODECS="avc1.42e00a,mp4a.40.5"m3u8/01.m3u8#EXT-X-STREAM-INF:PROGRAM-ID=1,BANDWIDTH=294784,RESOLUTION=320x180,CODECS="avc1.42e00d,mp4a.40.5"m3u8/02.m3u8#EXT-X-STREAM-INF:PROGRAM-ID=1,BANDWIDTH=511360,RESOLUTION=400x224,CODECS="avc1.4d4015,mp4a.40.5"m3u8/03.m3u8#EXT-X-STREAM-INF:PROGRAM-ID=1,BANDWIDTH=809152,RESOLUTION=480x270,CODECS="avc1.4d4015,mp4a.40.5"m3u8/04.m3u8#EXT-X-STREAM-INF:PROGRAM-ID=1,BANDWIDTH=1343072,RESOLUTION=640x360,CODECS="avc1.4d401e,mp4a.40.5"m3u8/05.m3u8#EXT-X-STREAM-INF:PROGRAM-ID=1,BANDWIDTH=55648,CODECS="mp4a.40.5"m3u8/00.m3u8#EXT-X-STREAM-INF:PROGRAM-ID=1,BANDWIDTH=2266528,RESOLUTION=1024x576,CODECS="avc1.4d401f,mp4a.40.5"m3u8/06.m3u8

二级目录样本：

#EXTM3U#EXT-X-VERSION:3#EXT-X-TARGETDURATION:9#EXT-X-MEDIA-SEQUENCE:408942#EXT-X-KEY:METHOD=AES-128,URI="13054902120.key"#EXTINF:8,01/20140804T125708-01-408942.ts#EXT-X-KEY:METHOD=AES-128,URI="13054902180.key"#EXTINF:8,01/20140804T125708-01-408943.ts#EXTINF:8,01/20140804T125708-01-408944.ts#EXTINF:8,01/20140804T125708-01-408945.ts#EXTINF:8,01/20140804T125708-01-408946.ts#EXTINF:8,01/20140804T125708-01-408947.ts#EXTINF:8,01/20140804T125708-01-408948.ts#EXTINF:8,01/20140804T125708-01-408949.ts#EXT-X-KEY:METHOD=AES-128,URI="13054902240.key"#EXTINF:8,01/20140804T125708-01-408950.ts...#EXTINF:8,01/20140804T125708-01-409033.ts#EXT-X-ENDLIST

直播（LIVE）

网上很多，例如下面这个，还有一键安装脚本：
HLS系统快速部署指南

备注：nginx配合ffmpeg做流媒体服务器的原理是: nginx通过rtmp模块提供rtmp服务, ffmpeg推送一个rtmp流到nginx, 然后客户端通过访问nginx来收看实时视频流. HLS也是差不多的原理,只是最终客户端是通过HTTP协议来访问的,但是ffmpeg推送流仍然是rtmp的.

linux限速大法

// 安装wondershapersudo apt-get install wondershaper // 限速sudo wondershaper eth0 250 250// 取消限速sudo wondershaper clear eth0// iptables也可在android使用iptables -L INPUT --line-numbers // 列出規則iptables -D INPUT 1 // 刪除指定行的規則iptables -I INPUT 1  -m state --state ESTABLISHED -p 6 -m length --length 30:10000 -m hashlimit --hashlimit-name BRADYBOUND --hashlimit-above 60/s -j DROP >/dev/null && echo BRADYBOUND

// push hls 流

#!/bin/bashvideoname="TheTestVideo.mp4"#176x144echo "/opt/ffmpeg/bin/ffmpeg -re -i TheBestOfNanking.mp4 -vcodec libx264 -vprofile baseline -acodec aac -ar 44100 -strict -2 -ac 1 -f flv -s 176x144 -q 10 rtmp://192.168.1.100:1935/hls/01"/opt/ffmpeg/bin/ffmpeg -re -i $videoname -vcodec libx264 -vprofile baseline -acodec aac -ar 44100 -strict -2 -ac 1 -f flv -s 176x144 -q 10 rtmp://192.168.1.100:1935/hls/01 &#320x180echo "/opt/ffmpeg/bin/ffmpeg -re -i TheBestOfNanking.mp4 -vcodec libx264 -vprofile baseline -acodec aac -ar 44100 -strict -2 -ac 1 -f flv -s 320x180 -q 10 rtmp://192.168.1.100:1935/hls/02"/opt/ffmpeg/bin/ffmpeg -re -i $videoname -vcodec libx264 -vprofile baseline -acodec aac -ar 44100 -strict -2 -ac 1 -f flv -s 320x180 -q 10 rtmp://192.168.1.100:1935/hls/02 &#400x224echo "/opt/ffmpeg/bin/ffmpeg -re -i TheBestOfNanking.mp4 -vcodec libx264 -vprofile baseline -acodec aac -ar 44100 -strict -2 -ac 1 -f flv -s 400x224 -q 10 rtmp://192.168.1.100:1935/hls/03"/opt/ffmpeg/bin/ffmpeg -re -i $videoname -vcodec libx264 -vprofile baseline -acodec aac -ar 44100 -strict -2 -ac 1 -f flv -s 400x224 -q 10 rtmp://192.168.1.100:1935/hls/03 &#480x270echo "/opt/ffmpeg/bin/ffmpeg -re -i TheBestOfNanking.mp4 -vcodec libx264 -vprofile baseline -acodec aac -ar 44100 -strict -2 -ac 1 -f flv -s 480x270 -q 10 rtmp://192.168.1.100:1935/hls/04"/opt/ffmpeg/bin/ffmpeg -re -i $videoname -vcodec libx264 -vprofile baseline -acodec aac -ar 44100 -strict -2 -ac 1 -f flv -s 480x270 -q 10 rtmp://192.168.1.100:1935/hls/04 &#640x360echo "/opt/ffmpeg/bin/ffmpeg -re -i TheBestOfNanking.mp4 -vcodec libx264 -vprofile baseline -acodec aac -ar 44100 -strict -2 -ac 1 -f flv -s 640x360 -q 10 rtmp://192.168.1.100:1935/hls/05"/opt/ffmpeg/bin/ffmpeg -re -i $videoname -vcodec libx264 -vprofile baseline -acodec aac -ar 44100 -strict -2 -ac 1 -f flv -s 640x360 -q 10 rtmp://192.168.1.100:1935/hls/05 &#1024x576echo "/opt/ffmpeg/bin/ffmpeg -re -i TheBestOfNanking.mp4 -vcodec libx264 -vprofile baseline -acodec aac -ar 44100 -strict -2 -ac 1 -f flv -s 1024x576 -q 10 rtmp://192.168.1.100:1935/hls/06"/opt/ffmpeg/bin/ffmpeg -re -i $videoname -vcodec libx264 -vprofile baseline -acodec aac -ar 44100 -strict -2 -ac 1 -f flv -s 1024x576 -q 10 rtmp://192.168.1.100:1935/hls/06 &

参考

基于nginx的HLS简单服务器搭建
HLS（HTTP Live Streaming）协议之m3u8文件生成方式
保存HLS直播中的TS流分片 <–抓取ts
HLS科普1 HLS和M3U8简介

apple测试地址：
http://devimages.apple.com/iphone/samples/bipbop/bipbopall.m3u8
http://devimages.apple.com/iphone/samples/bipbop/gear1/prog_index.m3u8

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