使用XSD验证XML

本文简单介绍如何使用XSD验证自己的xml。项目中我们经常使用xml作为配置或者数据交互的文件格式，在解析XML前最好验证一下或者在生成xml文件后验证一下生成的文件格式是正确，这样可以避免解析时出现一些低级的xml文件不符合预定义格式的错误。

CSDN无法正确显示这些xsd， xml以及java代码，如果需要请参考http://yqbjtu.blog.163.com/blog/static/529426201672674444341/
第一步显示定义XSD，这个参考网上很多教程，本文给出一个简单实例。

order_v1.xsd

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!--- Licensed Text--><xsd:schema xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"        elementFormDefault="qualified"        targetNamespace="http://demo.com/OrderXMLSchema_v1"        xmlns:tns="http://demo.com/OrderXMLSchema_v1"><xsd:element name="shipOrder" type="tns:shipOrder"></xsd:element>  <xsd:complexType name="shipOrder">    <xsd:sequence maxOccurs="1" minOccurs="1">        <xsd:element name="orderperson" type="xsd:string" minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1"></xsd:element>        <xsd:element name="order-description" type="xsd:string" minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1"></xsd:element>        <xsd:element name="items" type="tns:items" maxOccurs="1" minOccurs="1"></xsd:element>        <xsd:element name="item-2" type="tns:item-2" maxOccurs="unbounded" minOccurs="1"></xsd:element>    </xsd:sequence>  </xsd:complexType>  <xsd:complexType name="items">      <xsd:sequence maxOccurs="unbounded" minOccurs="1">        <xsd:element name="item" minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1">          <xsd:complexType>            <xsd:simpleContent>                <xsd:extension base="xsd:string">                  <xsd:attribute name="index" type="xsd:unsignedLong" />                </xsd:extension>            </xsd:simpleContent>          </xsd:complexType>        </xsd:element>      </xsd:sequence>  </xsd:complexType>  <xsd:complexType name="item-2">      <xsd:sequence maxOccurs="1" minOccurs="1">          <xsd:element name="title" type="xsd:string"/>          <xsd:element name="note" type="xsd:string" minOccurs="0"/>          <xsd:element name="quantity" type="xsd:positiveInteger"/>          <xsd:element name="price" type="xsd:decimal"/>      </xsd:sequence>      <xsd:attribute name="index" type="xsd:unsignedLong" />  </xsd:complexType></xsd:schema>

Xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?><!--- Licensed Description.--><shipOrder xmlns="http://demo.com/OrderXMLSchema_v1"   xmlns:server="http://demo.com/OrderXMLSchema_v1"   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">  <orderperson>John Smith</orderperson>  <order-description>This document is used for demo sxN#</order-description>  <items>      <item index="1">        some potatoes      </item>      <item index="2">        some tomatoes      </item>  </items>      <item-2 index="1">            <title>Hide your heart</title>            <quantity>1</quantity>            <price>9.90</price>      </item-2>      <item-2 index="2">            <title>Hide your heart</title>            <note>this is for testing note, it is not required</note>            <quantity>1</quantity>            <price>9.90</price>      </item-2></shipOrder>

最后是我们的java代码

import java.io.File;import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;import javax.xml.transform.Source;import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamSource;import javax.xml.validation.Schema;import javax.xml.validation.SchemaFactory;import javax.xml.validation.Validator;import org.xml.sax.SAXException;public class index="2">            <title>Hide your heart</title>            <note>this is for testing note, it is not required</note>            <quantity>1</quantity>            <price>9.90</price>      </item-2>

其余部分基本类似，比较需要注意的是item类型，它有attribute也有value。

 <item index="2"> some tomatoes </item>

它的定义是

        <xsd:element name="item" minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1">          <xsd:complexType>            <xsd:simpleContent>                <xsd:extension base="xsd:string">                  <xsd:attribute name="index" type="xsd:unsignedLong" />                </xsd:extension>            </xsd:simpleContent>          </xsd:complexType>        </xsd:element>

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