Spring Boot下基于JPA抓取SQL运行时的参数值

来源：互联网发布：天球仪软件编辑：程序博客网时间：2024/06/11 03:51

引言：在系统开发过程中，涉及到数据库操作都是SQL的天下，基于ORM的各类框架来简化开发；在JPA/Hibernate方案中，只提供了SQL的打印输出，但并未输入SQL的参数值是多少，这里将解决这个问题，告知具体如何来实现这个操作。

1. 技术栈的介绍

JDK 1.8, Spring Boot 1.4.0, Mysql 5.7, 默认Tomcat JDBC Connection Pool.

2. 依赖包

Spring Boot中的JPA依赖包：

 <dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId></dependency>

Mysql的驱动程序：

 <dependency><groupId>mysql</groupId><artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId><scope>runtime</scope></dependency>

log4jdbc的依赖包：

     <dependency><groupId>com.googlecode.log4jdbc</groupId><artifactId>log4jdbc</artifactId><version>1.2</version></dependency>

3. log4jdbc的介绍

log4jdbc使用SLF4J（Simple Logging Facade For Java）作为日志系统。特性：

支持JDBC3和JDBC4，其中JDBC3对应于JDK 1.4 or 1.5，JDBC4要求JDK 1.6或以上。
支持现有大部分JDBC驱动。
易于配置（在大部分情况下，只需要改变驱动类名并在jdbc url前加上”jdbc:log4“，设置好日志输出级别）。
能够自动把SQL变量值加到SQL输出日志中，改进易读性和方便调试。
能够快速标识出应用程序中执行比较慢的SQL语句。
能够生成SQL连接数信息帮助识别连接池/线程问题。

综合一句话，log4jdbc可以帮我们实现一个抓取SQL中实际使用值的功能。

项目地址【需要翻墙，翻墙问题自行解决】： https://code.google.com/p/log4jdbc/

4. Spring Boot示例

application.properties内容：

spring.datasource.url = jdbc:log4jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mealsystem?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8spring.datasource.username = rootspring.datasource.password = 123456spring.datasource.driverClassName = net.sf.log4jdbc.DriverSpy

这里需要注意的是mysql的原来的驱动程序Class Name:

#spring.datasource.driverClassName = com.mysql.jdbc.Driver

将被 net.sf.log4jdbc.DriverSpy来替代，可以理解为DriverSpy做为mysql驱动的代理来捕捉SQL的信息。

数据库连接的URL需要进行修改为：

原来的： jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mealsystem

现在的： jdbc:log4jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mealsystem

初次之外，无需额外的变化需求，其余代码都一致即可获得运行中的SQL信息。

5. SQL捕捉示例

2016-08-30 20:38:37.362  INFO 13288 --- [           main] com.rain.wx.meal.dao.TestEntityTest      : Started TestEntityTest in 19.879 seconds (JVM running for 21.522)2016-08-30 20:38:37.432  INFO 13288 --- [           main] jdbc.audit                               : 4. Connection.isClosed() returned false2016-08-30 20:38:37.436  INFO 13288 --- [           main] jdbc.audit                               : 4. Connection.getAutoCommit() returned true2016-08-30 20:38:37.457  INFO 13288 --- [           main] jdbc.audit                               : 4. Connection.setAutoCommit(false) returned Hibernate: insert into test (created_time, updated_time, version, name) values (?, ?, ?, ?)2016-08-30 20:38:37.495  INFO 13288 --- [           main] jdbc.audit                               : 4. Connection.getCatalog() returned mealsystem2016-08-30 20:38:37.535  INFO 13288 --- [           main] jdbc.audit                               : 4. PreparedStatement.new PreparedStatement returned 2016-08-30 20:38:37.541  INFO 13288 --- [           main] jdbc.audit                               : 4. Connection.prepareStatement(insert into test (created_time, updated_time, version, name) values (?, ?, ?, ?), 1) returned net.sf.log4jdbc.PreparedStatementSpy@3e0704e22016-08-30 20:38:37.549  INFO 13288 --- [           main] jdbc.audit                               : 4. PreparedStatement.getMaxFieldSize() returned 41943042016-08-30 20:38:37.550  INFO 13288 --- [           main] jdbc.audit                               : 4. PreparedStatement.getMaxRows() returned 02016-08-30 20:38:37.550  INFO 13288 --- [           main] jdbc.audit                               : 4. PreparedStatement.getQueryTimeout() returned 02016-08-30 20:38:37.551  INFO 13288 --- [           main] jdbc.audit                               : 4. PreparedStatement.getFetchDirection() returned 10002016-08-30 20:38:37.551  INFO 13288 --- [           main] jdbc.audit                               : 4. PreparedStatement.getFetchSize() returned 02016-08-30 20:38:37.554  INFO 13288 --- [           main] jdbc.audit                               : 4. PreparedStatement.setNull(1, 93) returned 2016-08-30 20:38:37.554  INFO 13288 --- [           main] jdbc.audit                               : 4. PreparedStatement.setNull(2, 93) returned 2016-08-30 20:38:37.556  INFO 13288 --- [           main] jdbc.audit                               : 4. PreparedStatement.setInt(3, 0) returned 2016-08-30 20:38:37.557  INFO 13288 --- [           main] jdbc.audit                               : 4. PreparedStatement.setString(4, "我的天空") returned 2016-08-30 20:38:37.560  INFO 13288 --- [           main] jdbc.audit                               : 4. Connection.getAutoCommit() returned false2016-08-30 20:38:37.561  INFO 13288 --- [           main] jdbc.audit                               : 4. Connection.getAutoCommit() returned false2016-08-30 20:38:37.561  INFO 13288 --- [           main] jdbc.sqlonly                             : insert into test (created_time, updated_time, version, name) values (NULL, NULL, 0, '我的天空') 2016-08-30 20:38:37.585  INFO 13288 --- [           main] jdbc.sqltiming                           : insert into test (created_time, updated_time, version, name) values (NULL, NULL, 0, '我的天空')  {executed in 24 msec}2016-08-30 20:38:37.585  INFO 13288 --- [           main] jdbc.audit                               : 4. PreparedStatement.executeUpdate() returned 12016-08-30 20:38:37.586  INFO 13288 --- [           main] jdbc.resultset                           : 4. ResultSet.new ResultSet returned 2016-08-30 20:38:37.586  INFO 13288 --- [           main] jdbc.audit                               : 4. PreparedStatement.getGeneratedKeys() returned net.sf.log4jdbc.ResultSetSpy@402770772016-08-30 20:38:37.586  INFO 13288 --- [           main] jdbc.resultset                           : 4. ResultSet.getMetaData() returned com.mysql.jdbc.ResultSetMetaData@4cb773c5 - Field level information: com.mysql.jdbc.Field@2c4eae94[catalog=null,tableName=,originalTableName=null,columnName=GENERATED_KEY,originalColumnName=null,mysqlType=-1( Unknown MySQL Type # -1),flags=, charsetIndex=0, charsetName=UTF-8]2016-08-30 20:38:37.591  INFO 13288 --- [           main] jdbc.resultset                           : 4. ResultSet.next() returned true2016-08-30 20:38:37.593  INFO 13288 --- [           main] jdbc.resultset                           : 4. ResultSet.getMetaData() returned com.mysql.jdbc.ResultSetMetaData@4c114687 - Field level information: com.mysql.jdbc.Field@2c4eae94[catalog=null,tableName=,originalTableName=null,columnName=GENERATED_KEY,originalColumnName=null,mysqlType=-1( Unknown MySQL Type # -1),flags=, charsetIndex=0, charsetName=UTF-8]2016-08-30 20:38:37.598  INFO 13288 --- [           main] jdbc.resultset                           : 4. ResultSet.getLong(1) returned 62016-08-30 20:38:37.598  INFO 13288 --- [           main] jdbc.resultset                           : 4. ResultSet.close() returned 2016-08-30 20:38:37.599  INFO 13288 --- [           main] jdbc.audit                               : 4. PreparedStatement.getMaxRows() returned 02016-08-30 20:38:37.599  INFO 13288 --- [           main] jdbc.audit                               : 4. PreparedStatement.getQueryTimeout() returned 02016-08-30 20:38:37.599  INFO 13288 --- [           main] jdbc.audit                               : 4. Connection.isClosed() returned false2016-08-30 20:38:37.599  INFO 13288 --- [           main] jdbc.audit                               : 4. PreparedStatement.clearParameters() returned 2016-08-30 20:38:37.648  INFO 13288 --- [           main] jdbc.audit                               : 4. Connection.commit() returned 2016-08-30 20:38:37.674  INFO 13288 --- [           main] jdbc.audit                               : 4. Connection.setAutoCommit(true) returned 2016-08-30 20:38:37.675  INFO 13288 --- [           main] jdbc.audit                               : 4. Connection.isClosed() returned false2016-08-30 20:38:37.676  INFO 13288 --- [           main] jdbc.audit                               : 4. Connection.getWarnings() returned null2016-08-30 20:38:37.676  INFO 13288 --- [           main] jdbc.audit                               : 4. Connection.clearWarnings() returned 2016-08-30 20:38:37.676  INFO 13288 --- [           main] jdbc.audit                               : 4. Connection.clearWarnings() returned 2016-08-30 20:38:37.681  INFO 13288 --- [           main] jdbc.audit                               : 4. Connection.isClosed() returned false2016-08-30 20:38:37.706  INFO 13288 --- [           main] jdbc.audit                               : 4. Connection.setReadOnly(true) returned 2016-08-30 20:38:37.706  INFO 13288 --- [           main] jdbc.audit                               : 4. Connection.getAutoCommit() returned true2016-08-30 20:38:37.744  INFO 13288 --- [           main] jdbc.audit                               : 4. Connection.setAutoCommit(false) returned Hibernate: select testentity0_.id as id1_5_0_, testentity0_.created_time as created_2_5_0_, testentity0_.updated_time as updated_3_5_0_, testentity0_.version as version4_5_0_, testentity0_.name as name5_5_0_ from test testentity0_ where testentity0_.id=?2016-08-30 20:38:37.751  INFO 13288 --- [           main] jdbc.audit                               : 4. Connection.getCatalog() returned mealsystem2016-08-30 20:38:37.793  INFO 13288 --- [           main] jdbc.audit                               : 4. PreparedStatement.new PreparedStatement returned 2016-08-30 20:38:37.793  INFO 13288 --- [           main] jdbc.audit                               : 4. Connection.prepareStatement(select testentity0_.id as id1_5_0_, testentity0_.created_time as created_2_5_0_, testentity0_.updated_time as updated_3_5_0_, testentity0_.version as version4_5_0_, testentity0_.name as name5_5_0_ from test testentity0_ where testentity0_.id=?) returned net.sf.log4jdbc.PreparedStatementSpy@5b32e0b12016-08-30 20:38:37.793  INFO 13288 --- [           main] jdbc.audit                               : 4. PreparedStatement.getMaxFieldSize() returned 41943042016-08-30 20:38:37.794  INFO 13288 --- [           main] jdbc.audit                               : 4. PreparedStatement.getMaxRows() returned 02016-08-30 20:38:37.794  INFO 13288 --- [           main] jdbc.audit                               : 4. PreparedStatement.getQueryTimeout() returned 02016-08-30 20:38:37.794  INFO 13288 --- [           main] jdbc.audit                               : 4. PreparedStatement.getFetchDirection() returned 10002016-08-30 20:38:37.794  INFO 13288 --- [           main] jdbc.audit                               : 4. PreparedStatement.getFetchSize() returned 02016-08-30 20:38:37.796  INFO 13288 --- [           main] jdbc.audit                               : 4. PreparedStatement.setLong(1, 6) returned 2016-08-30 20:38:37.797  INFO 13288 --- [           main] jdbc.audit                               : 4. PreparedStatement.isWrapperFor(java.sql.CallableStatement) returned false2016-08-30 20:38:37.798  INFO 13288 --- [           main] jdbc.audit                               : 4. Connection.getAutoCommit() returned false2016-08-30 20:38:37.798  INFO 13288 --- [           main] jdbc.audit                               : 4. Connection.getAutoCommit() returned false2016-08-30 20:38:37.798  INFO 13288 --- [           main] jdbc.sqlonly                             : select testentity0_.id as id1_5_0_, testentity0_.created_time as created_2_5_0_, testentity0_.updated_time as updated_3_5_0_, testentity0_.version as version4_5_0_, testentity0_.name as name5_5_0_ from test testentity0_ where testentity0_.id=6 2016-08-30 20:38:37.833  INFO 13288 --- [           main] jdbc.sqltiming                           : select testentity0_.id as id1_5_0_, testentity0_.created_time as created_2_5_0_, testentity0_.updated_time as updated_3_5_0_, testentity0_.version as version4_5_0_, testentity0_.name as name5_5_0_ from test testentity0_ where testentity0_.id=6  {executed in 35 msec}

大家可以分析其中的Log内容，可以发现，Hibernate的SQL输出是没有具体的参数值的：
Hibernate: insert into test (created_time, updated_time, version, name) values (?, ?, ?, ?)

log4jdbc中的日志输出如下：

2016-08-30 20:38:37.561  INFO 13288 --- [           main] jdbc.sqlonly                             : insert into test (created_time, updated_time, version, name) values (NULL, NULL, 0, '我的天空') 2016-08-30 20:38:37.585  INFO 13288 --- [           main] jdbc.sqltiming                           : insert into test (created_time, updated_time, version, name) values (NULL, NULL, 0, '我的天空')  {executed in 24 msec}

可以发现其Insert语句是有具体的值存在的，额外还有执行所使用的时间。

6. 参考资料

http://www.cnblogs.com/xdp-gacl/p/4081848.html
http://my.oschina.net/kzhou/blog/149532

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