创建maven项目

maven是个项目管理工具，集各种功能于一身，下面介绍maven web项目在eclipse种的配置，并于tomcat集成。配置成功后，可以跟一般的web项目一样调试。主要的操作过程都可以搜索出来，这里介绍我的maven项目的相关配置文件以及常见的错误。

pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>  <groupId>cn.com.liandisys</groupId>  <artifactId>ycjt-ggcx</artifactId>  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>  <packaging>war</packaging>    <!-- 定义相关属性 -->    <properties>      <jdk-version>1.7</jdk-version>      <junit-version>4.11</junit-version>      <spring-version>4.0.9.RELEASE</spring-version>    </properties>     <!-- 定义依赖包 -->    <dependencies>      <!-- spring begin-->      <dependency>          <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>          <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>          <version>${spring-version}</version>      </dependency>      <dependency>          <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>          <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>          <version>${spring-version}</version>      </dependency>      <dependency>          <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>          <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>          <version>${spring-version}</version>      </dependency>      <dependency>          <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>          <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>          <version>${spring-version}</version>      </dependency>        <dependency>          <groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>          <artifactId>spring-data-jpa</artifactId>          <version>1.3.2.RELEASE</version>      </dependency>      <!-- spring end -->                  <!-- servlet begin -->      <dependency>          <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>          <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>          <version>3.0-alpha-1</version>          <scope>provided</scope>      </dependency>      <!-- servlet end -->                  <!-- junit begin -->      <dependency>          <groupId>junit</groupId>          <artifactId>junit</artifactId>          <version>${junit-version}</version>          <scope>test</scope>      </dependency>      <!-- junit end -->                  <!-- hibernate begin -->      <dependency>          <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>          <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>          <version>4.2.1.Final</version>      </dependency>          <dependency>          <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>          <artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId>          <version>4.2.1.Final</version>      </dependency>      <dependency>          <groupId>org.hibernate.common</groupId>          <artifactId>hibernate-commons-annotations</artifactId>          <version>4.0.1.Final</version>      </dependency>      <dependency>          <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>          <artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId>          <version>5.0.0.Final</version>      </dependency>      <!-- hibernate end -->                  <!--logger begin -->      <dependency>          <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>          <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>          <version>1.7.5</version>      </dependency>      <dependency>          <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>          <artifactId>jcl-over-slf4j</artifactId>          <version>1.7.5</version>      </dependency>      <dependency>          <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>          <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>          <version>1.7.5</version>      </dependency>      <!-- logger end -->                  <!-- database begin -->      <dependency>          <groupId>mysql</groupId>          <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>          <version>5.1.25</version>      </dependency>      <!-- database end -->                  <!-- apache commons begin -->      <dependency>          <groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId>          <artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId>          <version>20030825.184428</version>      </dependency>      <dependency>          <groupId>commons-pool</groupId>          <artifactId>commons-pool</artifactId>          <version>20030825.183949</version>      </dependency>      <dependency>          <groupId>commons-collections</groupId>          <artifactId>commons-collections</artifactId>          <version>2.1</version>      </dependency>      <!-- apache commons end -->    <dependency>    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>    <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>    <version>4.0.9.RELEASE</version>    </dependency>    <!-- 导入sqlserver数据库链接jar包 --><dependency><groupId>com.microsoft.sqlserver</groupId><artifactId>sqljdbc4</artifactId><version>4.0</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>log4j</groupId><artifactId>log4j</artifactId><version>1.2.17</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-context</artifactId><version>4.0.2.RELEASE</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>jstl</groupId><artifactId>jstl</artifactId><version>1.2</version></dependency>  </dependencies>      </project>

以上的这段pom.xml配置可以直接在网上搜索或者是手动添加，需要的jar包就可以直接下载下来。

但是这段配置可能会报错，因为你的JDK版本过低，所以可以在这里强行制定JDK版本。在<project></project>中添加如下代码：

 <!-- 配置构建 -->    <build>      <plugins><!-- 指定JDK版本 --><plugin><groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId><artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId><version>3.1</version><configuration><source>1.7</source><target>1.7</target><encoding>UTF-8</encoding></configuration></plugin><!-- ant插件 --><plugin><groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId><artifactId>maven-antrun-plugin</artifactId><version>${jdk-version}</version></plugin></plugins> </build>  

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0"><context-param><param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name><param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value></context-param><filter><filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name><filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class><init-param><param-name>encoding</param-name><param-value>UTF-8</param-value></init-param></filter><filter-mapping><filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name><url-pattern>/*</url-pattern></filter-mapping><listener><listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.Log4jConfigListener</listener-class></listener><listener><listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class></listener><servlet><servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name><servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class><init-param><param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name><param-value>classpath:applicationContext-mvc.xml</param-value></init-param><load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup><async-supported>true</async-supported></servlet><servlet-mapping><servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name><url-pattern>/</url-pattern></servlet-mapping><servlet-mapping>    <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>    <url-pattern>*.jpg</url-pattern>  </servlet-mapping>  <servlet-mapping>    <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>    <url-pattern>*.js</url-pattern>  </servlet-mapping>  <servlet-mapping>    <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>    <url-pattern>*.css</url-pattern>  </servlet-mapping>  <servlet-mapping>    <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>    <url-pattern>*.png</url-pattern>  </servlet-mapping>  <servlet-mapping>    <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>    <url-pattern>*.mp4</url-pattern>  </servlet-mapping></web-app>

applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0"><context-param><param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name><param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value></context-param><filter><filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name><filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class><init-param><param-name>encoding</param-name><param-value>UTF-8</param-value></init-param></filter><filter-mapping><filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name><url-pattern>/*</url-pattern></filter-mapping><listener><listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.Log4jConfigListener</listener-class></listener><listener><listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class></listener><servlet><servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name><servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class><init-param><param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name><param-value>classpath:applicationContext-mvc.xml</param-value></init-param><load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup><async-supported>true</async-supported></servlet><servlet-mapping><servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name><url-pattern>/</url-pattern></servlet-mapping><servlet-mapping>    <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>    <url-pattern>*.jpg</url-pattern>  </servlet-mapping>  <servlet-mapping>    <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>    <url-pattern>*.js</url-pattern>  </servlet-mapping>  <servlet-mapping>    <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>    <url-pattern>*.css</url-pattern>  </servlet-mapping>  <servlet-mapping>    <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>    <url-pattern>*.png</url-pattern>  </servlet-mapping>  <servlet-mapping>    <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>    <url-pattern>*.mp4</url-pattern>  </servlet-mapping></web-app>

applicationContext-mvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd           http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc           http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd"><!-- mvc 驱动 --><mvc:annotation-driven /><!-- 自动扫描且只扫描@Controller --><context:component-scan base-package="cn.com.liandisys.ycjt.ysjc"use-default-filters="false"><context:include-filter type="annotation"expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" /></context:component-scan><mvc:view-controller path="/" view-name="redirect:/main" /><!-- 视图解析器 --><bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"><property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/"></property><property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property></bean></beans>

以上就是配置的主要xml文件内容，当然一些名称和需要用的路径需要自己根据需要来修改。目录结构如下：