jfreechart使用总结

 

这里分三部分来介绍 jFreeChart 。第一部分介绍jFreeChart产生图形的流程及相关的重要的类；第二部分介绍四种常用的报表图（饼图、柱状图、折线图、时间序列图）；第三部分介绍在图形中增加Item Lable 。 jFreeChart 的版本是jfreechart-1.0.0-pre2(1)

[b]一、jFreeChart产生图形的流程[/b]   创建一个数据源（dataset）来包含将要在图形中显示的数据,创建一个 JFreeChart 对象来代表要显示的图形   把图形输出   重要的类和接口：   org.jfree.data.general.Dataset  所有数据源类都要实现的接口   org.jfree.chart.ChartFactory    由它来产生 JFreeChart 对象   org.jfree.chart.JFreeChart    所有对图形的调整都是通过它噢！！   org.jfree.chart.plot.Plot    通过JFreeChart 对象获得它，然后再通过它对图形外部部分（例：坐标轴）调整                                注意：它有很多子类，一般都下嗍造型到它的子类！   org.jfree.chart.renderer.AbstractRenderer     通过JFreeChart 对象获得它，然后再通过它对图形内部部分                                                （例：折线的类型）调整。同样，针对不同类型的报表图，它有                                                着不同的子类实现！在下面我们简称它为 Renderer   下面我们结合不同类型的图形来具体分析这个流程。   [b]二、饼图[/b]   饼图的dataset 一般是用PieDataset 接口，具体实现类是 DefaultPieDataset   1、创建一个数据源（dataset）：    private static PieDataset createDataset()    {        DefaultPieDataset defaultpiedataset = new DefaultPieDataset(); //注意是DefaultPieDataset！！        defaultpiedataset.setValue("One", new Double(43.200000000000003D));        defaultpiedataset.setValue("Two", new Double(10D));        defaultpiedataset.setValue("Three", new Double(27.5D));        defaultpiedataset.setValue("Four", new Double(17.5D));        return defaultpiedataset;    }    2、由ChartFactory  产生 JFreeChart 对象    private static JFreeChart createChart(PieDataset piedataset)    {        JFreeChart jfreechart = ChartFactory.createPieChart("Pie Chart Demo 1",  //图形标题名称                                                              piedataset,   // dataset                                                              true,      // legend?                                                              true,     // tooltips?                                                              false);  //URLs?        PiePlot pieplot = (PiePlot)jfreechart.getPlot();  //通过JFreeChart 对象获得 plot：PiePlot！！        pieplot.setNoDataMessage("No data available");    // 没有数据的时候显示的内容        return jfreechart;    }     一些重要的方法：    pieplot.setExplodePercent(0,0.3D) //把Lable 为"One" 的那一块”挖“出来30%       3、输出略     [b]三、柱状图[/b]   柱状图的dataset 一般是用CatagoryDataset接口(具体实现类是DefaultCategoryDataset),也会用 IntervalXYDataset    接口   1、创建一个数据源（dataset）：    private static CategoryDataset createDataset()    {        String series1 = "First";        String series2 = "Second";        String series3 = "Third";        String category1 = "Category 1";        String category2 = "Category 2";        String category3 = "Category 3";        String category4 = "Category 4";        String category5 = "Category 5";        DefaultCategoryDataset defaultcategorydataset = new DefaultCategoryDataset();        defaultcategorydataset.addValue(1.0D, series1, category1);        defaultcategorydataset.addValue(4D, series1, category2);        defaultcategorydataset.addValue(3D, series1, category3);        defaultcategorydataset.addValue(5D, series1, category4);        defaultcategorydataset.addValue(5D, series1, category5);                defaultcategorydataset.addValue(5D, series2, category1);        defaultcategorydataset.addValue(7D, series2, category2);        defaultcategorydataset.addValue(6D, series2, category3);        defaultcategorydataset.addValue(8D, series2, category4);        defaultcategorydataset.addValue(4D, series2, category5);                defaultcategorydataset.addValue(4D, series3, category1);        defaultcategorydataset.addValue(3D, series3, category2);        defaultcategorydataset.addValue(2D, series3, category3);        defaultcategorydataset.addValue(3D, series3, category4);        defaultcategorydataset.addValue(6D, series3, category5);        return defaultcategorydataset;    }   2、由ChartFactory  产生 JFreeChart 对象        private static JFreeChart createChart(CategoryDataset categorydataset)    {        JFreeChart jfreechart = ChartFactory.createBarChart("Bar Chart Demo", //图形标题名称                                                            "Category",//domain 轴 Lable                                                                          这里先简单理解为横坐标Lable好了                                                            "Value", //range 轴 Lable                                                                       这里也先简单理解为纵坐标Lable好了                                                            categorydataset, //  dataset                                                            PlotOrientation.VERTICAL, //垂直显示                                                            true, // legend?                                                            true,  // tooltips?                                                            false); //URLs?        jfreechart.setBackgroundPaint(Color.white);   //设定背景色为白色        CategoryPlot categoryplot = jfreechart.getCategoryPlot(); //获得 plot：CategoryPlot！！        categoryplot.setBackgroundPaint(Color.lightGray); //设定图表数据显示部分背景色        categoryplot.setDomainGridlinePaint(Color.white); //横坐标网格线白色        categoryplot.setDomainGridlinesVisible(true); //可见        categoryplot.setRangeGridlinePaint(Color.white); //纵坐标网格线白色        //下面两行使纵坐标的最小单位格为整数        NumberAxis numberaxis = (NumberAxis)categoryplot.getRangeAxis();        numberaxis.setStandardTickUnits(NumberAxis.createIntegerTickUnits());        BarRenderer barrenderer = (BarRenderer)categoryplot.getRenderer(); //获得renderer 注意这里是下嗍造型                                                                             到BarRenderer！！        barrenderer.setDrawBarOutline(false); // Bar的外轮廓线不画        GradientPaint gradientpaint = new GradientPaint(0.0F, 0.0F, Color.blue,         0.0F, 0.0F, new Color(0, 0, 64));   //设定特定颜色        GradientPaint gradientpaint1 = new GradientPaint(0.0F, 0.0F, Color.green,         0.0F, 0.0F, new Color(0, 64, 0));        GradientPaint gradientpaint2 = new GradientPaint(0.0F, 0.0F, Color.red,        0.0F, 0.0F, new Color(64, 0, 0));        barrenderer.setSeriesPaint(0, gradientpaint); //给series1 Bar设定上面定义的颜色        barrenderer.setSeriesPaint(1, gradientpaint1); //给series2 Bar 设定上面定义的颜色        barrenderer.setSeriesPaint(2, gradientpaint2); //给series3 Bar 设定上面定义的颜色        CategoryAxis categoryaxis = categoryplot.getDomainAxis();  //横轴上的 Lable 45度倾斜        categoryaxis.setCategoryLabelPositions(CategoryLabelPositions.UP_45);                return jfreechart;    }      一些重要的方法：（增加一块标记）        IntervalMarker intervalmarker = new IntervalMarker(4.5D, 7.5D);        intervalmarker.setLabel("Target Range");        intervalmarker.setLabelFont(new Font("SansSerif", 2, 11));        intervalmarker.setLabelAnchor(RectangleAnchor.LEFT);        intervalmarker.setLabelTextAnchor(TextAnchor.CENTER_LEFT);        intervalmarker.setPaint(new Color(222, 222, 255, 128));        categoryplot.addRangeMarker(intervalmarker, Layer.BACKGROUND);            [b]四、折线图[/b]   折线图的dataset 两种CatagoryDataset接口(具体实现类是DefaultCategoryDataset),XYDataset 接口    1、CatagoryDataset接口：            A、创建一个数据源（dataset）：     private static CategoryDataset createDataset()    {        String series1 = "First";        String series2 = "Second";        String series3 = "Third";        String type1 = "Type 1";        String type2 = "Type 2";        String type3 = "Type 3";        String type4 = "Type 4";        String type5 = "Type 5";        String type6 = "Type 6";        String type7 = "Type 7";        String type8 = "Type 8";        DefaultCategoryDataset defaultcategorydataset = new DefaultCategoryDataset();        defaultcategorydataset.addValue(1.0D, series1, type1);        defaultcategorydataset.addValue(4D, series1, type2);        defaultcategorydataset.addValue(3D, series1, type3);        defaultcategorydataset.addValue(5D, series1, type4);        defaultcategorydataset.addValue(5D, series1, type5);        defaultcategorydataset.addValue(7D, series1, type6);        defaultcategorydataset.addValue(7D, series1, type7);        defaultcategorydataset.addValue(8D, series1, type8);                defaultcategorydataset.addValue(5D, series2, type1);        defaultcategorydataset.addValue(7D, series2, type2);        defaultcategorydataset.addValue(6D, series2, type3);        defaultcategorydataset.addValue(8D, series2, type4);        defaultcategorydataset.addValue(4D, series2, type5);        defaultcategorydataset.addValue(4D, series2, type6);        defaultcategorydataset.addValue(2D, series2, type7);        defaultcategorydataset.addValue(1.0D, series2, type8);                defaultcategorydataset.addValue(4D, series3, type1);        defaultcategorydataset.addValue(3D, series3, type2);        defaultcategorydataset.addValue(2D, series3, type3);        defaultcategorydataset.addValue(3D, series3, type4);        defaultcategorydataset.addValue(6D, series3, type5);        defaultcategorydataset.addValue(3D, series3, type6);        defaultcategorydataset.addValue(4D, series3, type7);        defaultcategorydataset.addValue(3D, series3, type8);        return defaultcategorydataset;    }    B、由ChartFactory  产生 JFreeChart 对象     (与上面重复的部分就不再注释）    private static JFreeChart createChart(CategoryDataset categorydataset)    {        JFreeChart jfreechart = ChartFactory.createLineChart("Line Chart Demo 1",                                                              "Type",                                                              "Value",                                                              categorydataset,                                                              PlotOrientation.VERTICAL,                                                              true,                                                              true,                                                              false);        jfreechart.setBackgroundPaint(Color.white);        CategoryPlot categoryplot = (CategoryPlot)jfreechart.getPlot();        categoryplot.setBackgroundPaint(Color.lightGray);        categoryplot.setRangeGridlinePaint(Color.white);        NumberAxis numberaxis = (NumberAxis)categoryplot.getRangeAxis();        numberaxis.setStandardTickUnits(NumberAxis.createIntegerTickUnits());        numberaxis.setAutoRangeIncludesZero(true);        //获得renderer 注意这里是下嗍造型到lineandshaperenderer！！        LineAndShapeRenderer lineandshaperenderer = (LineAndShapeRenderer)categoryplot.getRenderer();        lineandshaperenderer.setShapesVisible(true); //series 点（即数据点）可见        lineandshaperenderer.setSeriesStroke(0, new BasicStroke(2.0F, 1, 1, 1.0F, new float[] {            10F, 6F        }, 0.0F)); //定义series为"First"的（即series1）点之间的连线，这里是虚线，默认是直线        lineandshaperenderer.setSeriesStroke(1, new BasicStroke(2.0F, 1, 1, 1.0F, new float[] {            6F, 6F        }, 0.0F)); //定义series为"Second"的（即series2）点之间的连线        lineandshaperenderer.setSeriesStroke(2, new BasicStroke(2.0F, 1, 1, 1.0F, new float[] {            2.0F, 6F        }, 0.0F)); //定义series为"Third"的（即series3）点之间的连线        return jfreechart;    }         一些重要的方法：        lineandshaperenderer.setLineVisible(true)  //series 点（即数据点）间有连线可见   2、XYDataset 接口：   A、创建一个数据源（dataset）：    private static XYDataset createDataset()    {        XYSeries xyseries = new XYSeries("First"); //先产生XYSeries 对象        xyseries.add(1.0D, 1.0D);        xyseries.add(2D, 4D);        xyseries.add(3D, 3D);        xyseries.add(4D, 5D);        xyseries.add(5D, 5D);        xyseries.add(6D, 7D);        xyseries.add(7D, 7D);        xyseries.add(8D, 8D);                XYSeries xyseries1 = new XYSeries("Second");        xyseries1.add(1.0D, 5D);        xyseries1.add(2D, 7D);        xyseries1.add(3D, 6D);        xyseries1.add(4D, 8D);        xyseries1.add(5D, 4D);        xyseries1.add(6D, 4D);        xyseries1.add(7D, 2D);        xyseries1.add(8D, 1.0D);                XYSeries xyseries2 = new XYSeries("Third");        xyseries2.add(3D, 4D);        xyseries2.add(4D, 3D);        xyseries2.add(5D, 2D);        xyseries2.add(6D, 3D);        xyseries2.add(7D, 6D);        xyseries2.add(8D, 3D);        xyseries2.add(9D, 4D);        xyseries2.add(10D, 3D);                XYSeriesCollection xyseriescollection = new XYSeriesCollection(); //再用XYSeriesCollection添加入XYSeries 对象        xyseriescollection.addSeries(xyseries);        xyseriescollection.addSeries(xyseries1);        xyseriescollection.addSeries(xyseries2);        return xyseriescollection;    }   B、由ChartFactory  产生 JFreeChart 对象     private static JFreeChart createChart(XYDataset xydataset)    {        JFreeChart jfreechart = ChartFactory.createXYLineChart("Line Chart Demo 2",                                                                "X",                                                                "Y",                                                                xydataset,                                                                PlotOrientation.VERTICAL,                                                                true,                                                                true,                                                                false);        jfreechart.setBackgroundPaint(Color.white);        XYPlot xyplot = (XYPlot)jfreechart.getPlot(); //获得 plot：XYPlot！！        xyplot.setBackgroundPaint(Color.lightGray); //设定图表数据显示部分背景色        xyplot.setAxisOffset(new RectangleInsets(5D, 5D, 5D, 5D)); //设定坐标轴与图表数据显示部分距离        xyplot.setDomainGridlinePaint(Color.white); //网格线颜色        xyplot.setRangeGridlinePaint(Color.white);        //获得 renderer 注意这里是XYLineAndShapeRenderer ！！        XYLineAndShapeRenderer xylineandshaperenderer = (XYLineAndShapeRenderer)xyplot.getRenderer();        xylineandshaperenderer.setShapesVisible(true); //数据点可见        xylineandshaperenderer.setShapesFilled(true); //数据点被填充即不是空心点        NumberAxis numberaxis = (NumberAxis)xyplot.getRangeAxis();        numberaxis.setStandardTickUnits(NumberAxis.createIntegerTickUnits());        return jfreechart;    }                         一些重要的方法：        XYLineAndShapeRenderer xylineandshaperenderer = new XYLineAndShapeRenderer();        xylineandshaperenderer.setSeriesLinesVisible(0, false); //第一个XYSeries数据点间连线不可见        xylineandshaperenderer.setSeriesShapesVisible(1, false); //第二个XYSeries数据点不可见        xyplot.setRenderer(xylineandshaperenderer);           [b]五、时间序列图[/b]    时间序列图和折线图很相似，不同的是它在 domain轴的数据是时间而不是数字。时间序列图的dataset 是    XYDataset 接口，具体实现类是TimeSeriesCollection ，和上面类似，有TimeSeries 对象，它被添加入    TimeSeriesCollection 。                                                                                 1、创建一个数据源（dataset）：    private static XYDataset createDataset()    {        TimeSeries timeseries = new TimeSeries("L&G European Index Trust",Month.class);        timeseries.add(new Month(2, 2001), 181.8D);//这里用的是Month.class，同样还有Day.class Year.class 等等        timeseries.add(new Month(3, 2001), 167.3D);        timeseries.add(new Month(4, 2001), 153.8D);        timeseries.add(new Month(5, 2001), 167.6D);        timeseries.add(new Month(6, 2001), 158.8D);        timeseries.add(new Month(7, 2001), 148.3D);        timeseries.add(new Month(8, 2001), 153.9D);        timeseries.add(new Month(9, 2001), 142.7D);        timeseries.add(new Month(10, 2001), 123.2D);        timeseries.add(new Month(11, 2001), 131.8D);        timeseries.add(new Month(12, 2001), 139.6D);        timeseries.add(new Month(1, 2002), 142.9D);        timeseries.add(new Month(2, 2002), 138.7D);        timeseries.add(new Month(3, 2002), 137.3D);        timeseries.add(new Month(4, 2002), 143.9D);        timeseries.add(new Month(5, 2002), 139.8D);        timeseries.add(new Month(6, 2002), 137D);        timeseries.add(new Month(7, 2002), 132.8D);                TimeSeries timeseries1 = new TimeSeries("L&G UK Index Trust",Month.class);        timeseries1.add(new Month(2, 2001), 129.6D);        timeseries1.add(new Month(3, 2001), 123.2D);        timeseries1.add(new Month(4, 2001), 117.2D);        timeseries1.add(new Month(5, 2001), 124.1D);        timeseries1.add(new Month(6, 2001), 122.6D);        timeseries1.add(new Month(7, 2001), 119.2D);        timeseries1.add(new Month(8, 2001), 116.5D);        timeseries1.add(new Month(9, 2001), 112.7D);        timeseries1.add(new Month(10, 2001), 101.5D);        timeseries1.add(new Month(11, 2001), 106.1D);        timeseries1.add(new Month(12, 2001), 110.3D);        timeseries1.add(new Month(1, 2002), 111.7D);        timeseries1.add(new Month(2, 2002), 111D);        timeseries1.add(new Month(3, 2002), 109.6D);        timeseries1.add(new Month(4, 2002), 113.2D);        timeseries1.add(new Month(5, 2002), 111.6D);        timeseries1.add(new Month(6, 2002), 108.8D);        timeseries1.add(new Month(7, 2002), 101.6D);        TimeSeriesCollection timeseriescollection = new TimeSeriesCollection();        timeseriescollection.addSeries(timeseries);        timeseriescollection.addSeries(timeseries1);        timeseriescollection.setDomainIsPointsInTime(true); //domain轴上的刻度点代表的是时间点而不是时间段        return timeseriescollection;    }   2、由ChartFactory  产生 JFreeChart 对象     private static JFreeChart createChart(XYDataset xydataset)    {        JFreeChart jfreechart = ChartFactory.createTimeSeriesChart("Legal & General Unit Trust Prices",                                                                    "Date",                                                                    "Price Per Unit",                                                                    xydataset,                                                                    true,                                                                    true,                                                                    false);        jfreechart.setBackgroundPaint(Color.white);        XYPlot xyplot = (XYPlot)jfreechart.getPlot(); //获得 plot : XYPlot!!        xyplot.setBackgroundPaint(Color.lightGray);        xyplot.setDomainGridlinePaint(Color.white);        xyplot.setRangeGridlinePaint(Color.white);        xyplot.setAxisOffset(new RectangleInsets(5D, 5D, 5D, 5D));        xyplot.setDomainCrosshairVisible(true);        xyplot.setRangeCrosshairVisible(true);        org.jfree.chart.renderer.xy.XYItemRenderer xyitemrenderer = xyplot.getRenderer();        if(xyitemrenderer instanceof XYLineAndShapeRenderer)        {            XYLineAndShapeRenderer xylineandshaperenderer = (XYLineAndShapeRenderer)xyitemrenderer;            xylineandshaperenderer.setDefaultShapesVisible(true); //数据点可见            xylineandshaperenderer.setDefaultShapesFilled(true);  //数据点是实心点        }        DateAxis dateaxis = (DateAxis)xyplot.getDomainAxis(); //对domain 轴上日期显示格式定义        dateaxis.setDateFormatOverride(new SimpleDateFormat("MMM-yyyy"));        return jfreechart;    }         一些重要的方法：     A、增加标记线：         xyplot.addRangeMarker(new ValueMarker(550D)); //数值轴        Quarter quarter = new Quarter(2, 2002);        xyplot.addDomainMarker(new ValueMarker(quarter.getMiddleMillisecond()));  //时间轴     B、数据点的调整        XYLineAndShapeRenderer xylineandshaperenderer = (XYLineAndShapeRenderer)xyplot.getRenderer();        xylineandshaperenderer.setDefaultShapesVisible(true);  //数据点可见        xylineandshaperenderer.setSeriesFillPaint(0, Color.red);  //数据点填充为红色        xylineandshaperenderer.setSeriesFillPaint(1, Color.white);  //数据点填充为白色        xylineandshaperenderer.setUseFillPaint(true);    //应用     C、平均值曲线        这个曲线有什么用呢？很简单的例子，这里有一个以半年每天为单位的数据绘制的曲线，我们想看看以月为单位数据       的变化，这时就可以用到它了。         TimeSeries timeseries = createEURTimeSeries();  //就是以半年每天为单位的数据        TimeSeries timeseries1 = MovingAverage.createMovingAverage(timeseries,                                                                    "30 day moving average",                                                                    30, //30天为一个周期                                                                   30); //最开始的30天跳过        TimeSeriesCollection timeseriescollection = new TimeSeriesCollection();        timeseriescollection.addSeries(timeseries);        timeseriescollection.addSeries(timeseries1);        return timeseriescollection;      [b]六、总结一下[/b]                           dataset                          plot                    renderer                         饼图           PieDataset（DefaultPieDataset）           PiePlot                    ------  柱状图    CatagoryDataset（DefaultCategoryDataset）    CategoryPlot                BarRenderer  折线图    CatagoryDataset（DefaultCategoryDataset）    CategoryPlot              LineAndShapeRenderer                  XYDataset（XYSeriesCollection）           XYPlot                XYLineAndShapeRenderer  时间序列图     XYDataset （TimeSeriesCollection）         XYPlot                XYLineAndShapeRenderer  这里只是一些常用的方法，具体还是看API ,主要的类总结如下：JFreeChart:生成图表的中间存放类。

CategoryDataSet:图表的数据，主要包含行数据（String[] 类型），列数据(String[] 类型）和主数据                    (double[][]类型）。一般来说简单的图表主数据都是double[1][]类型的。

ChartFactory: 工厂类，提供多种方法生成多达30多种图表，用得比较多的是BarChart(柱状图),LineChart             （折线图），PieChart（饼状图）。工厂方法看起来比较统一：creatXXXChart(图表标题，              行标题，列标题，主数据（CategoryDataSet）)

ChartUtities: 公用类，提供各种持久保存图表数据的方法，比如saveChartAsJPEG(File，                             JFreeChart,width,height)

其他还有一些渲染类，主要是用来美化图表界面，调整和优化显示风格等。

总的来说还不错，比jasperReport要简单，上手很快，图表效果也还不错，用来做普通数据图表足够了

[b]七、Item Lable[/b]    这里以柱状图为例说明，具体来说就是在每个柱状上显示它的数据，具体有下面内容：   A、使 Item Lable 可见   B、调整 Item Lable 的颜色、字体等   C、调整 Item Lable 的位置   D、定制 Item Lable 的内容   1、分配一个 Lable Generator 给 renderer      BarRenderer barrenderer = (BarRenderer)categoryplot.getRenderer();      GategoryLableGenerator generator =new StandardGategoryLableGenerator(           "{2}", new DecimalFormat("0.00")    //调整显示的数字和字符格式      );      barrenderer.setLableGenerator(generator);   2、使 Item Lable 可见      barrenderer.setItemLableVisible(true);   3、调整 Item Lable 的颜色、字体等      barrenderer.setItemLablePaint(Color.red);      barrenderer.setItemLableFont(new Font("SansSerif",Font.PLAIN,10));   4、调整 Item Lable 的位置      这里涉及到一个新的对象 ItemLablePosition , ItemLablePosition的构造函数有两个或四个参数      public ItemLabelPosition(ItemLabelAnchor itemLabelAnchor,                         org.jfree.ui.TextAnchor textAnchor,                         org.jfree.ui.TextAnchor rotationAnchor,                         double angle)      itemLabelAnchor - Item Lable 的位置（最重要的！！）      textAnchor - Item Lable里包含的正文相对于Item Lable 的位置      rotationAnchor - Item Lable里包含的正文旋转的位置      angle - 旋转的角度      ItemLabelPosition itemlabelposition = new ItemLabelPosition(ItemLabelAnchor.INSIDE12,                                                       TextAnchor.CENTER_RIGHT,                                                       TextAnchor.CENTER_RIGHT,                                                       -1.57D);      barrenderer.setPositiveItemLabelPosition(itemlabelposition);    这样就可以每个柱状上显示它的数据了，当然可以定制 Item Lable 的内容，比如 Item Lable text 超过100的才   显示，这样就需要定制自己的类，它要实现GategoryLableGenerator 接口，实现generateItemLable()方法。