TQ210 —— NandFlash

TQ210 —— nandflash

    TQ210 开发板板载一片 1Gbyte 的 NAND FLASH——K9K8G08U0B，通过查询K9K8G08U0B 芯片手册可以得到如下信息：（理论知识不再介绍）
K9K8G08U0B : (1G + 32M) x 8bit 总大小
Data Register : (2K + 64) x 8bit 数据寄存器
Page Program : (2K + 64)Byte 页编程
Block Erase : (128K + 4K)Byte 块擦除
Page Read: (2K + 64)Byte 页读
 
我们需要按上面这个地址周期表来发地址。
对NFDATA 寄存器的定义(参考 S5PV210 芯片手册 4.3.1.1 8-bit NAND Flash Memory Interface)   
 #define NFDATA (*(volatile unsigned char *)0xB0E00010)
NFCONF 寄存器中 3 个时间参数稍微比计算的值大些（大 1 就可以），否则会出现读写不稳定
下面几种操作流程中对于发送地址的周期数：有的是 5 个周期，有的是 3 个周期，有的是 1 个周期。
1、 擦除流程
（1）片选
（2）发命令 0x60
（3）发页地址（块对齐，3 个周期）
（4）发命令 0xD0
（5）等待 NAND 空闲
（6）取消片选

2、 写数据
（1）片选
（2）发命令 0x80
（3）发地址（页对齐， 5 个周期）
（4）连续发送一页数据
（5）发命令 0x10
（6）等待 NAND 空闲
（7）取消片选

3、 读数据
1) 片选
2) 发命令 0x00
3) 发地址(页对齐， 5 个周期)
4) 发命令 0x30
5) 等待 NAND 空闲
6) 连续读一页数据
7) 取消片选

4、 读ID
1) 片选
2) 发命令 0x90
3) 发 0 地址（ 1 个周期）
4) 连续读 5 个字节的 ID
5) 取消片选

#include "types.h"#defineNFCONF  (*(volatile u32 *)0xB0E00000) #defineNFCONT  (*(volatile u32 *)0xB0E00004) #defineNFCMMD  (*(volatile u32 *)0xB0E00008) #defineNFADDR  (*(volatile u32 *)0xB0E0000C)#defineNFDATA  (*(volatile u8 *)0xB0E00010)#defineNFSTAT  (*(volatile u32 *)0xB0E00028)#define MP0_1CON  (*(volatile u32 *)0xE02002E0)#defineMP0_3CON  (*(volatile u32 *)0xE0200320)#defineMP0_6CON  (*(volatile u32 *)0xE0200380)#define PAGE_SIZE2048#define BLOCK_SIZE(PAGE_SIZE * 64)/* 等待NAND准备好 */static void inline nand_wait_ready(){while(!(NFSTAT & (1 << 0)));}/* 片选 */static void inline nand_select_chip(){NFCONT &= ~(1 << 1);}/* 取消片选 */static void inline nand_deselect_chip(){NFCONT |= (1 << 1);}/* 发命令 */static void inline nand_cmd(u32 cmd){NFCMMD = cmd;}/* 发地址（5个周期） */static void nand_addr(u32 addr){u32 col = addr % PAGE_SIZE;/* 页内偏移 */u32 row = addr / PAGE_SIZE;/* 页地址 */NFADDR = col & 0xFF;NFADDR = (col >> 8) & 0x7;NFADDR = row & 0xFF;NFADDR = (row >> 8) & 0xFF;NFADDR = (row >> 16) & 0x07;}/* 读1byte数据 */static u8 inline nand_read(){return NFDATA;}/* 写1byte数据 */static void inline nand_write(u8 data){NFDATA = data;}/* 复位NAND */static void nand_reset(){nand_select_chip();nand_cmd(0xFF);nand_wait_ready();nand_deselect_chip();}/* NAND初始化 */void nand_init(){/* HCLK_PSYS=133MHz(7.5ns) */NFCONF =(0x1 << 23) |/* Disable 1-bit and 4-bit ECC *//* 下面3个时间参数稍微比计算出的值大些（我这里依次加1），否则读写不稳定 */(0x3 << 12) |/* 7.5ns * 2 > 12ns tALS tCLS */(0x2 << 8) | /* (1+1) * 7.5ns > 12ns (tWP) */(0x1 << 4) | /* (0+1) * 7.5 > 5ns (tCLH/tALH) */(0x0 << 3) | /* SLC NAND Flash */(0x0 << 2) |/* 2KBytes/Page */(0x1 << 1);/* 5 address cycle *//* ** The setting all nCE[3:0] zero can not be allowed. Only ** one nCE can be asserted to enable external NAND flash ** memory. The lower bit has more priority when user set all ** nCE[3:0] zeros. */NFCONT =(0x1 << 1) |/* Disable chip select */(0x1 << 0);/* Enable NAND Flash Controller *//*** Port Map** CE1->Xm0CSn2-> MP01_2** CE2->Xm0CSn3-> MP01_3** CE3->Xm0CSn4-> MP01_4** CE4->Xm0CSn5-> MP01_5** CLE->Xm0FCLE-> MP03_0** ALE->Xm0FALE-> MP03_1** WE->Xm0FWEn->  MP03_2** RE->Xm0FREn->  MP03_3** RB1->Xm0FRnB0->MP03_4** RB2->Xm0FRnB1->MP03_5** RB3->Xm0FRnB2->MP03_6** RB4->Xm0FRnB3->MP03_7** IO[7:0]->Xm0DATA[7:0]->MP0_6[7:0]*/MP0_1CON &= ~(0xFFFF << 8);MP0_1CON |= (0x3333 << 8);MP0_3CON = 0x22222222;MP0_6CON = 0x22222222;nand_reset();}/* 读NAND ID */void nand_read_id(u8 id[]){int i;nand_select_chip();nand_cmd(0x90);NFADDR = 0x00;for (i = 0; i < 5; i++)id[i] = nand_read();nand_deselect_chip();}/* 擦除一个块 */void nand_erase(u32 addr){if (addr & (BLOCK_SIZE - 1)){printf("not block align\n");return;}u32 row = addr / PAGE_SIZE;nand_select_chip();nand_cmd(0x60);NFADDR = row & 0xff;NFADDR = (row >> 8) & 0xff;NFADDR = (row >> 16) & 0x07;nand_cmd(0xD0);nand_wait_ready();nand_deselect_chip();}/* 读一页数据 */void nand_read_page(u8 *buf, u32 addr){if (addr & (PAGE_SIZE - 1)){printf("not page align\n");return;}int i;nand_select_chip();nand_cmd(0);nand_addr(addr);nand_cmd(0x30);nand_wait_ready();for(i = 0; i < PAGE_SIZE; i++){*buf++ = nand_read();}nand_deselect_chip();}/* 随机读:从任意地址读任意字节的数据 */void nand_read_random(u8 *buf, u32 addr, u32 size){nand_select_chip();nand_cmd(0);nand_addr(addr);nand_cmd(0x30);nand_wait_ready();int i;u32 col = addr % PAGE_SIZE;/* 页内偏移 */for(i = col; i < size + col; i++){nand_cmd(0x05);NFADDR = i & 0xFF;NFADDR = (i >> 8) & 0x7;nand_cmd(0xE0);*buf++ = nand_read();}nand_deselect_chip();}/* 写一页数据 */void nand_write_page(u8 *buf, u32 addr){if (addr & (PAGE_SIZE - 1)){printf("not page align\n");return;}int i;nand_select_chip();nand_cmd(0x80);nand_addr(addr);nand_wait_ready();for(i = 0; i < PAGE_SIZE; i++){nand_write(*buf++);}nand_cmd(0x10);nand_wait_ready();nand_deselect_chip();}

#include "types.h"#include "uart.h" // 这个文件前面UART串口博客有void bzero(u8 *s, int size){int i = 0;for (; i < size; i++)s[i] = 0;}void main(){u8 buf[2048];int i;bzero(buf, 2048);nand_read_id(buf);printf("\nID:");for (i = 0; i < 5; i++){printf("%X ", buf[i]);}putchar('\n');nand_erase(0x80000);/* 擦除以0x80000地址开始的一个块 */for (i = 0; i < 2048; i++)buf[i] = i % 255;nand_write_page(buf, 0x80000);/* 写入1页数据到0x80000地址 */bzero(buf, 2048);nand_read_page(buf, 0x80000);/* 从0x80000地址读取一页数据 *//* 打印读取到的数据，与写入的数据一致 */for (i = 0; i < 100; i++){if (i % 16 == 0)putchar('\n');printf("%X ", buf[i]);}}