java 发送邮件

来源：互联网发布：网络机顶盒ir接口编辑：程序博客网时间：2024/06/05 03:31

在开发中大多数会涉及到用户密码验证当前验证比较多的是短信验证码和邮箱验证码今天我们一起来实现如何使用java来发送邮件

在开发之前我们要去一个地方去开通服务。打开QQ邮箱-——>设置——>账户——>一直下滑找到——POP3/IMAP/SMTP/Exchange/CardDAV/CalDAV服务——>开通以下所有服务记住POP3/SMTP服务的随机码；

记住POP3/SMTP的随机码之后我们就开始开发；

创建类

import java.io.File;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;import java.util.Date;import java.util.List;import java.util.Map;import java.util.Properties;import javax.activation.DataHandler;import javax.activation.DataSource;import javax.activation.FileDataSource;import javax.mail.Address;import javax.mail.Authenticator;import javax.mail.BodyPart;import javax.mail.Message;import javax.mail.MessagingException;import javax.mail.Multipart;import javax.mail.PasswordAuthentication;import javax.mail.Session;import javax.mail.Transport;import javax.mail.internet.AddressException;import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;import javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart;import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;import javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart;import javax.mail.internet.MimeUtility;/** * Created by lenovo on 2016/9/9. * 邮箱类 */public class SendMail extends Authenticator{    private String username = null;    private String password = null;    private Authenticator auth = null;    private MimeMessage mimeMessage =null;    private Properties pros = null;    private Multipart multipart = null;    private BodyPart bodypart= null;    /**     * 初始化账号密码并验证     * 创建MimeMessage对象     * 发送邮件必须的步骤:1     * @param username     * @param password     */    public SendMail(String username,String password){        this.username = username;        this.password = password;    }    /**     * 初始化MimeMessage对象     * 发送邮件必须的步骤:3     */    public void initMessage(){        this.auth = new Email_Autherticator();        Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(pros,auth);        session.setDebug(true); //设置获取 debug 信息        mimeMessage = new MimeMessage(session);    }    /**     * 设置email系统参数     * 接收一个map集合key为string类型，值为String     * 发送邮件必须的步骤:2     * @param map     */    public void setPros(Map<String,String> map){        pros = new Properties();        for(Map.Entry<String,String> entry:map.entrySet()){            pros.setProperty(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());        }    }    /**     * 验证账号密码     * 发送邮件必须的步骤     * @author Administrator     *     */    public class Email_Autherticator extends Authenticator    {        public PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication()        {            return new PasswordAuthentication(username, password);        }    }    /**     * 设置发送邮件的基本参数(去除繁琐的邮件设置)     * @param sub 设置邮件主题     * @param text 设置邮件文本内容     * @param rec 设置邮件接收人     * @throws MessagingException     * @throws UnsupportedEncodingException     */    public void setDefaultMessagePros(String sub,String text,String rec) throws MessagingException, UnsupportedEncodingException{        mimeMessage.setSubject(sub);        mimeMessage.setText(text);        mimeMessage.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress(rec));        mimeMessage.setSentDate(new Date());        mimeMessage.setFrom(new InternetAddress(username,username));    }    /**     * 设置主题     * @param subject     * @throws MessagingException     */    public void  setSubject(String subject) throws MessagingException{        mimeMessage.setSubject(subject);    }    /**     * 设置日期     * @param date     * @throws MessagingException     */    public void  setDate(Date date) throws MessagingException{        mimeMessage.setSentDate(new Date());    }    /**     * 设置邮件文本内容     * @param text     * @throws MessagingException     */    public void setText(String text) throws MessagingException{        mimeMessage.setText(text);    }    /**     * 设置邮件头部     * @param arg0     * @param arg1     * @throws MessagingException     */    public void setHeader(String arg0,String arg1) throws MessagingException{        mimeMessage.setHeader(arg0, arg1);    }    /**     * 设置邮件接收人地址 <单人发送>     * @param recipient     * @throws MessagingException     */    public void setRecipient(String recipient) throws MessagingException{        mimeMessage.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress(recipient));    }    /**     * 设置邮件发送人的名字     * @param from     * @throws UnsupportedEncodingException     * @throws MessagingException     */    public void setFrom(String from) throws UnsupportedEncodingException, MessagingException{        mimeMessage.setFrom(new InternetAddress(username,from));    }    /**     * 发送邮件<单人发送>     * return 是否发送成功     * @throws MessagingException     */    public String sendMessage() throws MessagingException{        Transport.send(mimeMessage);        return "success";    }    /**     * 设置附件     * @param file 发送文件的路径     */    public void setMultipart(String file) throws MessagingException, IOException{        if(multipart==null){            multipart = new MimeMultipart();        }        multipart.addBodyPart(writeFiles(file));        mimeMessage.setContent(multipart);    }    /**     * 设置附件<添加多附件>     * @param fileList<接收List集合>     * @throws MessagingException     * @throws IOException     */    public void setMultiparts(List<String> fileList) throws MessagingException, IOException{        if(multipart==null){            multipart = new MimeMultipart();        }        for(String s:fileList){            multipart.addBodyPart(writeFiles(s));        }        mimeMessage.setContent(multipart);    }    /**     * 发送文本内容，设置编码方式     * <方法与发送附件配套使用>     * <发送普通的文本内容请使用setText()方法>     * @param s     * @param type     * @throws MessagingException     */    public void setContent(String s,String type) throws MessagingException{        if(multipart==null){            multipart = new MimeMultipart();        }        bodypart = new MimeBodyPart();        bodypart.setContent(s, type);        multipart.addBodyPart(bodypart);        mimeMessage.setContent(multipart);        mimeMessage.saveChanges();    }    /**     * 读取附件     * @param filePath     * @return     * @throws IOException     * @throws MessagingException     */    public BodyPart writeFiles(String filePath)throws IOException, MessagingException{        File file = new File(filePath);        if(!file.exists()){            throw new IOException("文件不存在!请确定文件路径是否正确");        }        bodypart = new MimeBodyPart();        DataSource dataSource = new FileDataSource(file);        bodypart.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(dataSource));        //文件名要加入编码，不然出现乱码        bodypart.setFileName(MimeUtility.encodeText(file.getName()));        return bodypart;    }

创建测试类

POP3/SMTP服务 (如何使用 Foxmail 等软件收发邮件？)

import java.io.IOException;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.Date;import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.List;import java.util.Map;import javax.mail.MessagingException;/** * Created by lenovo on 2016/9/9. * 邮件发送 */public class Test_Email {    public static void main(String[] args) throws MessagingException, IOException {        Map<String,String> map= new HashMap<String,String>();        SendMail mail = new SendMail("你的账户@qq.com","你的随机码");        map.put("mail.smtp.host", "smtp.qq.com");        map.put("mail.smtp.auth", "true");        map.put("mail.smtp.socketFactory.class", "javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory");        map.put("mail.smtp.port", "465");        map.put("mail.smtp.socketFactory.port", "465");        mail.setPros(map);        mail.initMessage();        List<String> list = new ArrayList<String>();        list.add("需要发送的账户@qq.com");        mail.setRecipients(list);        mail.setSubject("邮箱测试（请勿答复此邮件）");        mail.setDate(new Date());        mail.setFrom("发送邮件");        mail.setContent("恭喜你测试成功", "text/html; charset=UTF-8");        System.out.println(mail.sendMessage());    }}

所需要的maven依赖：

<dependency>  <groupId>javax.mail</groupId>  <artifactId>mail</artifactId>  <version>1.5.0-b01</version></dependency>

POP3/SMTP服务 (如何使用 Foxmail 等软件收发邮件？)

0 0