JSP中实现网页访问统计的方法

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JSP中实现网页访问统计的方法

最近学习Jave EE 中的jsp网页开发，需要实现网页访问量的统计，刚开始不知道如何实现，后来问了一下老师，老师是这样回答我的：要实现网页访问的统计，你可以利用application对象来实现，不能用seesion对象，因为session是属于同一个会话的，关掉浏览器数据就没有了，而application是在同一浏览器下的，只要是同一个浏览器，将数据保存在applicaiton对象中，这样就可以保证数据的不变性。其实这些我都懂，我只是不知道如何在jsp用代码实现。后来我只能上网看看有没有具体的解决方案，搜了很久，没有我想要的答案，我想要实现的只是简单的统计，没有实现更加复杂的功能。后来还是在CSDN这里找到了答案，在这里简单总结一下实现网页访问统计的几种方法：

1. 利用application对象进行统计，得到的效果是每进入一次该网页就统计一次。但效果不怎么好，因为一般统计网页访问量，刷新是不算进统计里的，这里就是这种缺点。

具体实现是：

[html]view plaincopyprint?

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="GB2312"%>
<html>
<head>
<title>java 计数器程序</title>
</head>
<body>
<%
if (application.getAttribute("count") == null) {
application.setAttribute("count", new Integer(0));
}
Integer count = (Integer) application.getAttribute("count");
application
.setAttribute("count", new Integer(count.intValue() + 1));
count = (Integer) application.getAttribute("count");
%>
<center>这是第<%=count.intValue()%>个访问者</center>
</body>
</html>

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="GB2312"%><html>  <head>    <title>java 计数器程序</title>  </head>  <body>  <%  if (application.getAttribute("count") == null) {  application.setAttribute("count", new Integer(0));  }  Integer count = (Integer) application.getAttribute("count");  application  .setAttribute("count", new Integer(count.intValue() + 1));  count = (Integer) application.getAttribute("count");  %>   <center>这是第<%=count.intValue()%>个访问者</center>  </body>  </html>

2.为了解决上面的问题，有了另一种方法，就是同时利用application对象和session对象来统计，这种方法的原理是从打开浏览器到关闭浏览器算是访问一次，刷新、返回等操作不算做一次访问。但还是有缺陷，当jsp服务器从新启动时，数据也被清零了。

下面还是具体实现：

[html]view plaincopyprint?

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="GB2312"%>
<html>
<head>
<title>java 计数器程序</title>
</head>
<body>
<%
int n = 0; String counter = (String)application.getAttribute("counter");
if(counter != null){
n = Integer.parseInt(counter);
}
if(session.isNew())
++n;
%>
<center>这是第<%out.print(n);%>个访问者</center>
<%
counter = String.valueOf(n);
application.setAttribute("counter", counter);
%>
</body>
</html>

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="GB2312"%><html>  <head>    <title>java 计数器程序</title>  </head>  <body>  <%  int n = 0; String counter = (String)application.getAttribute("counter");  if(counter != null){  n = Integer.parseInt(counter);  }  if(session.isNew())  ++n;  %>   <center>这是第<%out.print(n);%>个访问者</center>   <%   counter = String.valueOf(n);   application.setAttribute("counter", counter);    %>  </body>  </html>

3. 第三种方法是将统计数据存储在本地的文件当中，比如存储在一个txt文件当中。

这是为了解决重启服务器之后数据不用担心会丢失。

创建一个类：JSPCount

[java]view plaincopyprint?

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
public class JSPCount {
//写入文件的方法
public static void write2File(String filename, long count){
try{
PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(new FileWriter(filename));
out.println(count);
out.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO: handle exception
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
//读文件的方法
public static long readFromFile(String filename){
File file = new File(filename);
long count = 0;
if(!file.exists()){
try {
file.createNewFile();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
write2File(filename, 0);
}
try{
BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(file));
try{
count = Long.parseLong(in.readLine());
}
catch (NumberFormatException e) {
// TODO: handle exception
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
// TODO: handle exception
e.printStackTrace();
}
return count;
}
}

import java.io.BufferedReader;import java.io.File;import java.io.FileNotFoundException;import java.io.FileReader;import java.io.FileWriter;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.PrintWriter;public class JSPCount {//写入文件的方法public static void write2File(String filename, long count){try{PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(new FileWriter(filename));out.println(count);out.close();} catch (IOException e) {// TODO: handle exceptione.printStackTrace();}}//读文件的方法public static long readFromFile(String filename){File file = new File(filename);long count = 0;if(!file.exists()){try {file.createNewFile();} catch (IOException e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch blocke.printStackTrace();}write2File(filename, 0);}try{BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(file));try{count = Long.parseLong(in.readLine());}catch (NumberFormatException e) {// TODO: handle exceptione.printStackTrace();} catch (IOException e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch blocke.printStackTrace();}} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {// TODO: handle exceptione.printStackTrace();}return count;}}

在WebRoot目录下建jsp文件：count.jsp

[plain]view plaincopyprint?

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="GB2312"%>
<%@ page import="org.wwj.count.JSPCount" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>java 计数器程序</title>
</head>
<body>
<%
JSPCount CountFileHandler = new JSPCount();
//读取文件
long count = CountFileHandler.readFromFile(request.getRealPath("/") + "count.txt");
count = count + 1; //修改记录 +1
out.print(count); //显示数据
//更新文件内容。
CountFileHandler.write2File(request.getRealPath("/") + "count.txt", count);
%>
</body>
</html>

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="GB2312"%><%@ page import="org.wwj.count.JSPCount" %><html>  <head>    <title>java 计数器程序</title>  </head>  <body>  <%  JSPCount CountFileHandler = new JSPCount();  //读取文件  long count = CountFileHandler.readFromFile(request.getRealPath("/")  + "count.txt");  count = count + 1;//修改记录 +1  out.print(count);//显示数据  //更新文件内容。  CountFileHandler.write2File(request.getRealPath("/")  + "count.txt", count);     %>  </body>  </html>

程序运行之后会在tomcat下的webapps目录下的对应的web项目生成一个count.txt文本文件

4.第三种方法，只是保存了访问的统计数据罢了，但没有保证刷新页面的时候不会自增，这样还是不好。当然总会有解决的办法的，一般的解决方案就是结合各种方案的优点。下面是由session对象+application对象+txt文本来实现网站的访问统计。

[java]view plaincopyprint?

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
public class Counter extends HttpServlet{
//写入文件的方法
public static void write2File(String filename, long count){
try{
PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(new FileWriter(filename));
out.println(count);
out.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO: handle exception
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
//读文件的方法
public static long readFromFile(String filename){
File file = new File(filename);
long count = 0;
if(!file.exists()){
try {
file.createNewFile();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
write2File(filename, 0);
}
try{
BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(file));
try{
count = Long.parseLong(in.readLine());
}
catch (NumberFormatException e) {
// TODO: handle exception
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
// TODO: handle exception
e.printStackTrace();
}
return count;
}
}

import java.io.BufferedReader;import java.io.File;import java.io.FileNotFoundException;import java.io.FileReader;import java.io.FileWriter;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.PrintWriter;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;public class Counter extends HttpServlet{//写入文件的方法public static void write2File(String filename, long count){try{PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(new FileWriter(filename));out.println(count);out.close();} catch (IOException e) {// TODO: handle exceptione.printStackTrace();}}//读文件的方法public static long readFromFile(String filename){File file = new File(filename);long count = 0;if(!file.exists()){try {file.createNewFile();} catch (IOException e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch blocke.printStackTrace();}write2File(filename, 0);}try{BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(file));try{count = Long.parseLong(in.readLine());}catch (NumberFormatException e) {// TODO: handle exceptione.printStackTrace();} catch (IOException e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch blocke.printStackTrace();}} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {// TODO: handle exceptione.printStackTrace();}return count;}}

jsp文件代码：

[plain]view plaincopyprint?

<%@page import="org.servlet.count.Counter"%>
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="GB2312"%>
<html>
<head>
<title>java 计数器程序</title>
</head>
<body>
<%
Counter CountFileHandler = new Counter();
long count = 0;
if(application.getAttribute("count") == null){
count = CountFileHandler.readFromFile(request.getRealPath("/") + "count.txt");
application.setAttribute("count", new Long(count));
}
count = (Long)application.getAttribute("count");
if(session.isNew()){
count++;
application.setAttribute("count", count);
//更新文件目录
CountFileHandler.write2File(request.getRealPath("/") + "count.txt",count);
}
%>
访问人数：<%=count %>
</body>
</html>

<%@page import="org.servlet.count.Counter"%><%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="GB2312"%><html><head><title>java 计数器程序</title></head><body><%  Counter CountFileHandler = new Counter();  long count = 0;if(application.getAttribute("count") == null){count = CountFileHandler.readFromFile(request.getRealPath("/") + "count.txt");application.setAttribute("count", new Long(count));}  count = (Long)application.getAttribute("count");if(session.isNew()){count++;application.setAttribute("count", count);//更新文件目录CountFileHandler.write2File(request.getRealPath("/") + "count.txt",count);}%>访问人数：<%=count %></body></html>

以上四种方法，是每一次改进才得到的方法，如果要实现网站访问统计，当然最后一种是最好的，知识不是一步登天，需要在问题上不断改进，获得最终的解决方案，当然最后一种不一定是最好的，实现策略上，如果可以利用数据库也是可以的，但我认为每次访问网站都要读和写数据库，这样效率比较低，比较不好。

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