JAVA线程本地变量ThreadLocal和私有变量的区别

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ThreadLocal并不是一个Thread,而是Thread的局部变量,也许把它命名为ThreadLocalVariable更容易让人理解一些。
所以,在Java中编写线程局部变量的代码相对来说要笨拙一些,因此造成线程局部变量没有在Java开发者中得到很好的普及。
ThreadLocal的接口方法
ThreadLocal类接口很简单,只有4个方法,我们先来了解一下:
void set(Object value)
public void remove()
将当前线程局部变量的值删除,目的是为了减少内存的占用。
 
ThreadLocal的原理
在ThreadLocal类中有一个Map,用于存储每一个线程的变量的副本。比如下面的示例实现:
public class ThreadLocal
private Map values = Collections.synchronizedMap(new HashMap());
public Object get()
{
Thread curThread = Thread.currentThread();
Object o = values.get(curThread);
if (o == null && !values.containsKey(curThread))
{
o = initialValue();
values.put(curThread, o);
}
values.put(Thread.currentThread(), newValue);
return o ;
}
public Object initialValue()
{
return null;
}
}
 
 
演示代码
 
public class ThreadLocalExample {    public static class MyRunnable implements Runnable {        private ThreadLocal<Integer> threadLocal =        new ThreadLocal<Integer>();        int local = 0;        @Override        public void run() {            threadLocal.set((int) (Math.random() * 100D));            local = (int) (Math.random() * 100D);            try {                Thread.sleep(2000);            } catch (InterruptedException e) {            }            System.out.println("threadLocal:" +threadLocal.get());            System.out.println("local:" +local);        }    }    public static void main(String[] args) {        MyRunnable sharedRunnableInstance = new MyRunnable();        Thread thread1 = new Thread(sharedRunnableInstance);        Thread thread2 = new Thread(sharedRunnableInstance);        thread1.start();        thread2.start();        try {            thread1.join();            thread2.join();         } catch (InterruptedException e) {            // TODO Auto-generated catch block            e.printStackTrace();        } // wait for thread 1 to terminate        // wait for thread 2 to terminate    }}

 

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