html5 mui之ajax跨域请求json数据
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通过json发送和接受数据，数据以json的格式在服务器端和前台进行传递，什么是json数据？这里就不进行详细阐述，轻自行百度解决。
在html5 中利用ajax异步请求时，会遇到跨域的问题，如果域名不一致、ip地址不一致，端口不一致都会导致跨域请求不成功。
为了解决这个问题，需要在前台和后台均设置相关的属性进行跨域请求。
现在展示服务器端的代码：
自己封装的过滤器：
package utils;import java.io.IOException;import javax.servlet.Filter;import javax.servlet.FilterChain;import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;import javax.servlet.ServletException;import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;public class CrossDomainFilter implements Filter {public void destroy() {// TODO Auto-generated method stub}public void doFilter(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse resp,FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {// TODO Auto-generated method stubHttpServletResponse res = (HttpServletResponse) resp;// 这里最好不要写通配符，如果允许多个域请求数据的话，可以直接用逗号隔开："http://www.baidu.com,http://google.com"res.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Origin", "*");res.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Methods", "POST, GET, OPTIONS");res.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Headers", "Content-Type, Authorization, Accept,X-Requested-With");//res.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Credentials","false");chain.doFilter(req, resp);}public void init(FilterConfig arg0) throws ServletException {// TODO Auto-generated method stub}}将字符串转换为json数据格式的工具类：
package utils;import java.beans.IntrospectionException; import java.beans.Introspector; import java.beans.PropertyDescriptor; import java.math.BigDecimal; import java.math.BigInteger; import java.util.List; import java.util.Map; import java.util.Set; import org.apache.commons.logging.Log; import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;public class JsonUtil { private static Log log = LogFactory.getLog(JsonUtil.class);public static String object2json(Object obj) { StringBuilder json = new StringBuilder(); if (obj == null) { json.append("\"\""); } else if (obj instanceof String || obj instanceof Integer || obj instanceof Float || obj instanceof Boolean || obj instanceof Short || obj instanceof Double || obj instanceof Long || obj instanceof BigDecimal || obj instanceof BigInteger || obj instanceof Byte) { json.append("\"").append(string2json(obj.toString())).append("\""); } else if (obj instanceof Object[]) { json.append(array2json((Object[]) obj)); } else if (obj instanceof List) { json.append(list2json((List<?>) obj)); } else if (obj instanceof Map) { json.append(map2json((Map<?, ?>) obj)); } else if (obj instanceof Set) { json.append(set2json((Set<?>) obj)); } else { json.append(bean2json(obj)); } return json.toString(); }public static String bean2json(Object bean) { StringBuilder json = new StringBuilder(); json.append("{"); PropertyDescriptor[] props = null; try { props = Introspector.getBeanInfo(bean.getClass(), Object.class).getPropertyDescriptors(); } catch (IntrospectionException e) {} if (props != null) { for (int i = 0; i < props.length; i++) { try { String name = object2json(props[i].getName()); String value = object2json(props[i].getReadMethod().invoke(bean)); json.append(name); json.append(":"); json.append(value); json.append(","); } catch (Exception e) {} } json.setCharAt(json.length() - 1, '}'); } else { json.append("}"); } return json.toString(); }public static String list2json(List<?> list) { StringBuilder json = new StringBuilder(); json.append("["); if (list != null && list.size() > 0) { for (Object obj : list) { json.append(object2json(obj)); json.append(","); } json.setCharAt(json.length() - 1, ']'); } else { json.append("]"); } return json.toString(); } public static String array2json(Object[] array) { StringBuilder json = new StringBuilder(); json.append("["); if (array != null && array.length > 0) { for (Object obj : array) { json.append(object2json(obj)); json.append(","); } json.setCharAt(json.length() - 1, ']'); } else { json.append("]"); } return json.toString(); }public static String map2json(Map<?, ?> map) { StringBuilder json = new StringBuilder(); json.append("{"); if (map != null && map.size() > 0) { for (Object key : map.keySet()) { json.append(object2json(key)); json.append(":"); json.append(object2json(map.get(key))); json.append(","); } json.setCharAt(json.length() - 1, '}'); } else { json.append("}"); } return json.toString(); } public static String set2json(Set<?> set) { StringBuilder json = new StringBuilder(); json.append("["); if (set != null && set.size() > 0) { for (Object obj : set) { json.append(object2json(obj)); json.append(","); } json.setCharAt(json.length() - 1, ']'); } else { json.append("]"); } return json.toString(); } public static String string2json(String s) { if (s == null) return ""; StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); for (int i = 0; i < s.length(); i++) { char ch = s.charAt(i); switch (ch) { case '"': sb.append("\\\""); break; case '\\': sb.append("\\\\"); break; case '\b': sb.append("\\b"); break; case '\f': sb.append("\\f"); break; case '\n': sb.append("\\n"); break; case '\r': sb.append("\\r"); break; case '\t': sb.append("\\t"); break; case '/': sb.append("\\/"); break; default: if (ch >= '\u0000' && ch <= '\u001F') { String ss = Integer.toHexString(ch); sb.append("\\u"); for (int k = 0; k < 4 - ss.length(); k++) { sb.append('0'); } sb.append(ss.toUpperCase()); } else { sb.append(ch); } } } return sb.toString(); } }web.xml配置文件：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><web-app version="2.5" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaeehttp://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"><display-name></display-name><servlet><description>This is the description of my J2EE component</description><display-name>This is the display name of my J2EE component</display-name><servlet-name>showInfoServlet</servlet-name><servlet-class>client_servlet.showInfoServlet</servlet-class></servlet><servlet><description>This is the description of my J2EE component</description><display-name>This is the display name of my J2EE component</display-name><servlet-name>JsonServlet</servlet-name><servlet-class>client_servlet.JsonServlet</servlet-class></servlet> <servlet> <description>This is the description of my J2EE component</description> <display-name>This is the display name of my J2EE component</display-name> <servlet-name>ajaxServlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class>client_servlet.ajaxServlet</servlet-class> </servlet><filter><filter-name>myFilter</filter-name><filter-class>utils.CrossDomainFilter</filter-class></filter><filter-mapping><filter-name>myFilter</filter-name><url-pattern>/*</url-pattern></filter-mapping><servlet-mapping><servlet-name>showInfoServlet</servlet-name><url-pattern>/servlet/showInfoServlet</url-pattern></servlet-mapping><servlet-mapping><servlet-name>JsonServlet</servlet-name><url-pattern>/servlet/JsonServlet</url-pattern></servlet-mapping> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>ajaxServlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/servlet/ajaxServlet</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping><welcome-file-list><welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file></welcome-file-list></web-app>
用于处理业务逻辑的servlet:
package client_servlet;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.PrintWriter;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.List;import javabean.Route;import javax.servlet.ServletException;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;import org.json.JSONArray;import org.json.JSONException;import org.json.JSONObject;import services.RouteService;import utils.JsonUtil;public class showInfoServlet extends HttpServlet {public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)throws ServletException, IOException { doPost(request,response);}public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)throws ServletException, IOException { response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Origin","*"); response.setContentType("text/html; charset=UTF-8");//jsonp其实回写的就是一段JavaScript代码 PrintWriter out = response.getWriter(); //从数据库查询所有的路线route的集合list RouteService rs = new RouteService(); String res = JsonUtil.list2json(rs.listAll()); out.print(res); out.flush(); out.close();}}通过hbuilder建立的demo.html文件：
该文件用于请求后台的servlet并且接受服务器端返回的json数据
<!DOCTYPE html><html><head><meta charset="UTF-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0,maximum-scale=1.0,user-scalable=no" /><title>hello world</title><script src="js/mui.min.js"></script><link href="css/mui.min.css" rel="stylesheet" /><script type="text/javascript">if(window.plus) {plusReady();} else {document.addEventListener("plusready", plusReady(), false);}function plusReady() {}//创建一个新的页面function createNewWeb() {var url = "http://www.jiangbobobo.cn/smart";plus.webview.create(url).show();}//发送数据的函数function postData(url, data, callback) {mui.ajax(url, {data: 'data=' + JSON.stringify(data),dataType: 'json',type: 'get',contentType: "application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=utf-8",timeout: 6000000,success: callback,error: function(xhr, type, errorThrown) {//waitingDialog.close();mui.alert("<网络连接失败，请重新尝试一下>", "错误", "OK", null);console.log(type);console.log(JSON.stringify(xhr));}});}function test() {var data = {};postData('http://192.168.17.1:8080/zannadu/servlet/showInfoServlet',data, // json 数据 function(json) {//mui.alert("hello");var html = "";var x = document.getElementById("mycard");//mui.alert(str);for(var i = 0; i < json.length; i++) {//mui.alert(json[i].imageURL);html += "<div class='mui-card'>";html += "<div class='mui-card-header mui-card-media' style='height:40vw;background-image:url(" + json[i].imageURL + ")'></div>";html += "<div class='mui-card-content'>";html += "<div class='mui-card-content-inner'>";html += "<div class='mui-content'>";html += "<h4>" + json[i].name + "</h4>";html += "<p id='route_description'>";html += "" + json[i].service_content + "";html += "</p>";html += "</div>";html += "</div>";html += "</div>";html += "<div class='mui-card-footer'>";html += "<a class='mui-card-link'>" + json[i].like_number + "</a>";html += "<a class='mui-card-link'>" + json[i].old_price + "</a>";html += "<a class='mui-card-link'>" + json[i].new_price + "</a>";html += "</div>";html += "</div>";x.innerHTML = html;}});}</script></head><body onload="test()"><!--<button onclick="createNewWeb()">show data</button>--><!--<input type="button" value="test" onclick="test()" />--><div class="mui-content" id="mycard"></div></body></html>
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