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The state of theOctoverse 2016

It’s been an amazing year for building software. Join us for a trip through the GitHub Octoverse and explore some of the highlights from the last twelve months.

1. Open Source 
2. Community 
3. Newcomers 
4. Organizations 
5. Fin

Open source

From the code that sent Apollo 11 to the moon, to an open source curriculum that helps nonprofits—you shared and built lots of amazing things over the past year. Here are the most starred open source repositories on GitHub, showing which repos users starred in common.

N1tensorflowreactApollo-11awesomehacker-scriptsreact-natived3reduxlanternswiftgitignoresecurity-guide-for-developersfree-programming-bookselectronbootstrapvscodevueHEADjavascriptnetdatacomputer-scienceYou-Dont-Know-JSoh-my-zshFreeCodeCamp

Repository’s majority programming language

•  Assembly 
•  C 
•  C++ 
•  Go 
•  Java 
•  JavaScript 
•  Shell 
•  TypeScript 
•  Plaintext / Markdown

The most commonly used open source licenses on GitHub are MIT, Apache-2.0, and GNU General Public License v3.0.

In total, GitHub is home to open source projects written in316 unique programming languages. Here are the most popular by number of pull requests in the last twelve months.

15 most popular languages used on GitHub by opened Pull Request and percentage change from previous period

JavaScript97%

1,604,219

Java63%

763,783

Python54%

744,045

Ruby66%

740,610

PHP43%

478,153

C++43%

330,259

CSS36%

271,782

C#88%

229,985

C47%

202,295

Go93%

188,121

Shell76%

143,071

Objective C37%

75,478

Scala54%

70,216

Swift262%

62,284

TypeScript250%

55,587

0

375K

750K

1.5M

Standouts include JavaScript, C#, and Go who have seen almost doubled growth. Swift and TypeScript are up and coming with 3.5x growth.

There was a lot of public activity on GitHub over the last 12 months. To give you the full picture, here are the totals and stories of active users, repositories, organizations, and active issues in public projects on GitHub. Active means there was some activity within the last year, e.g. code commited, a comment created, a repository starred, or an issue opened. The queries and data that power these open source metrics are available to everyone, thanks to our partnership with Google BigQuery.

Totals in public repositories from the last twelve months

5.8M+active users

Like @acabunoc, Lead Developer for Open Source Engagement at the Mozilla Foundation who is developing new ways to engage contributors on open source projects.

331k+active organizations

Like the Dat project who are working openly to develop a peer to peer tool for distributing datasets in science, journalism and government.

19.4M+active repositories

Like the Federal Source Code Policy on GitHub released by The White House, who this year solicited community feedback on GitHub.

10.7M+active issues

Like this one opened in the Go programming language repo that used open source dataon Google’s BiqQuery to help decide whether to add new functionality to a Go standard library.

Here are some of the most active Organizations and well-loved projects by the number of unique contributors (users who pushed code, opened or commented on an issue or PR), unique code reviewers (users who commented on the changed files), and most forks.

Repositories with the most open source contributors

1. FortAwesome/Font-Awesome<span class="float-right text-white py-md-2 text-monospace" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: Consolas, "Liberation Mono"%2