linux kernel poll & 等待队列
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1.等待队列
1.1概念
保存进程的容器
- 阻塞时,将进程放入等待队列
- 唤醒进程时,从等待队列中取出进程
1.2 等待队列的初始化
等待队列的定义和初始化–可以分部完成也可以一步完成
(1)定义等待队列、初始化
wait_queue_head_t wait; init_waitqueue_head(&wait);
(2)定义并且初始化等待队列
static DECLARE_WAIT_QUEUE_HEAD(button_waitq);
1.3让等待队列中的进程休眠/唤醒 函数
(1)休眠/唤醒
/* 一般用于read函数中,去读取按键中断是否发生,如果发生了就不休眠,如果没有按键事件发生休眠 */wait_event_interruptible(button_waitq, ev_press); // p2为假时立刻休眠,为真时不休眠----------/* 用户中断处理函数中,前面read会使进程休眠,这里发生了中断唤醒前面执行read的进程 */wake_up_interruptible(&button_waitq); // 唤醒休眠的进程
(2)唤醒 TAST_UNINTERRUPTIBLE、TAST_INTERRUPTIBLE、TASK_KILLABLE 所有状态的进程
wake_up(button_waitq)
2.poll
2.1原理
poll实现中通过返回不同mask决定等待队列休眠或者不休眠
2.2 内核实现
内核中poll实现非常固定,就以下两个步骤
static unsigned forth_drv_poll(struct file *file, poll_table *wait){ unsigned int mask = 0;// 1. 将button_waitq添加到等待队列 poll_wait(file, &button_waitq, wait); // 不会立即休眠 if (ev_press) // 如果有按键按下了,返回的掩码表示不休眠 mask |= POLLIN | POLLRDNORM;// 2. 返回掩码 return mask;}
3.demo
等待队列、中断、阻塞读、poll
#include <linux/module.h>#include <linux/kernel.h>#include <linux/fs.h>#include <linux/init.h>#include <linux/delay.h>#include <linux/irq.h>#include <asm/uaccess.h>#include <asm/irq.h>#include <asm/io.h>#include <asm/arch/regs-gpio.h>#include <asm/hardware.h>#include <linux/poll.h>static struct class *forthdrv_class;static struct class_device *forthdrv_class_dev;volatile unsigned long *gpfcon;volatile unsigned long *gpfdat;volatile unsigned long *gpgcon;volatile unsigned long *gpgdat;// 定义初始化一个等待队列static DECLARE_WAIT_QUEUE_HEAD(button_waitq);/* 中断事件标志, 中断服务程序将它置1,forth_drv_read将它清0 */static volatile int ev_press = 0;struct pin_desc{ unsigned int pin; unsigned int key_val;};/* 键值: 按下时, 0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04 *//* 键值: 松开时, 0x81, 0x82, 0x83, 0x84 */static unsigned char key_val;struct pin_desc pins_desc[4] = { {S3C2410_GPF0, 0x01}, {S3C2410_GPF2, 0x02}, {S3C2410_GPG3, 0x03}, {S3C2410_GPG11, 0x04},};/* * 确定按键值 */static irqreturn_t buttons_irq(int irq, void *dev_id){ struct pin_desc * pindesc = (struct pin_desc *)dev_id; unsigned int pinval; pinval = s3c2410_gpio_getpin(pindesc->pin); if (pinval) { /* 松开 */ key_val = 0x80 | pindesc->key_val; } else { /* 按下 */ key_val = pindesc->key_val; } ev_press = 1; /* 表示中断发生了 */ wake_up_interruptible(&button_waitq); /* 唤醒休眠的进程 */ return IRQ_RETVAL(IRQ_HANDLED);}static int forth_drv_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file){ /* 配置GPF0,2为输入引脚 */ /* 配置GPG3,11为输入引脚 */ request_irq(IRQ_EINT0, buttons_irq, IRQT_BOTHEDGE, "S2", &pins_desc[0]); request_irq(IRQ_EINT2, buttons_irq, IRQT_BOTHEDGE, "S3", &pins_desc[1]); request_irq(IRQ_EINT11, buttons_irq, IRQT_BOTHEDGE, "S4", &pins_desc[2]); request_irq(IRQ_EINT19, buttons_irq, IRQT_BOTHEDGE, "S5", &pins_desc[3]); return 0;}ssize_t forth_drv_read(struct file *file, char __user *buf, size_t size, loff_t *ppos){ if (size != 1) return -EINVAL; /* 如果没有按键动作, 休眠 */ /* 有条件的休眠 按键已经按下时立即返回 */ wait_event_interruptible(button_waitq, ev_press); // //p2为假时立刻休眠,为真时不休眠 /* 如果有按键动作, 返回键值 */ copy_to_user(buf, &key_val, 1); ev_press = 0; return 1;}int forth_drv_close(struct inode *inode, struct file *file){ free_irq(IRQ_EINT0, &pins_desc[0]); free_irq(IRQ_EINT2, &pins_desc[1]); free_irq(IRQ_EINT11, &pins_desc[2]); free_irq(IRQ_EINT19, &pins_desc[3]); return 0;}/* 固定模式 */static unsigned forth_drv_poll(struct file *file, poll_table *wait){ unsigned int mask = 0;// 1. 将button_waitq添加到等待队列 poll_wait(file, &button_waitq, wait); // 不会立即休眠 if (ev_press) // 如果有按键按下了,返回的掩码表示不休眠 mask |= POLLIN | POLLRDNORM;// 2. 返回掩码 return mask;}static struct file_operations sencod_drv_fops = { .owner = THIS_MODULE, /* 这是一个宏,推向编译模块时自动创建的__this_module变量 */ .open = forth_drv_open, .read = forth_drv_read, .release = forth_drv_close, .poll = forth_drv_poll,};int major;static int forth_drv_init(void){ major = register_chrdev(0, "forth_drv", &sencod_drv_fops); forthdrv_class = class_create(THIS_MODULE, "forth_drv"); forthdrv_class_dev = class_device_create(forthdrv_class, NULL, MKDEV(major, 0), NULL, "buttons"); /* /dev/buttons */ gpfcon = (volatile unsigned long *)ioremap(0x56000050, 16); gpfdat = gpfcon + 1; gpgcon = (volatile unsigned long *)ioremap(0x56000060, 16); gpgdat = gpgcon + 1; return 0;}static void forth_drv_exit(void){ unregister_chrdev(major, "forth_drv"); class_device_unregister(forthdrv_class_dev); class_destroy(forthdrv_class); iounmap(gpfcon); iounmap(gpgcon); return 0;}module_init(forth_drv_init);module_exit(forth_drv_exit);MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
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