python小练习题

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0、在微信头像上添加未读信息数量提示效果

from  PIL import Image ,ImageDraw, ImageFontQQim = Image.open('QQ.jpg')w,h=QQim.sizefont = ImageFont.truetype('/usr/share/wine/fonts/tahoma.ttf', int(h/4))ImageDraw.Draw(QQim).pieslice([(w/3*2, 0), (w, h/3)], 0, 360, fill="red")ImageDraw.Draw(QQim).text((w * 0.76, h * 0.02), '1', font=font, fill="white")QQim.show()QQim.save('QQimage.png')

1、做为 Apple Store App 独立开发者，你要搞限时促销，为你的应用生成激活码（或者优惠券），使用 Python 如何生成 200 个激活码（或者优惠券）

import randomimport string'''field1 = ['a','b','c','d','e','f','g','h','i','j','k','l','m','n','o','p','q','r','s','t','u','v','w','x','y','z'\         'A','B','C','D','E','F','G','H','I','J','K','L','M','N','O','P','Q','R','S','T','U','V','W','X','Y','Z'\          '0','1','2','3','4','5','6','7','8','9']'''field = string.letters + string.digitsdef getrandom():       return string.join(random.sample(field, 4)).replace(" ", "")def concatenate(group):    for i in range(group):        s = []        for i in range(4):            s.append(getrandom())        print '-'.join(s)concatenate(10)

field一开始用的是field1的字典式，但生成的码偶尔会有五位的情况，后网上查了可以用string.letters + string.digits的形式，效果很好

2、将 0001 题生成的 200 个激活码（或者优惠券）保存到 MySQL 关系型数据库中。
前提条件：已经在root用户下建立了test数据库test表，列名为promotion，类型为text

import randomimport MySQLdbimport stringfield = string.letters + string.digitsdef getrandom():    return '-'.join(string.join(random.sample(field, 4)).replace(" ", "") for i in range(4))def AddToDatabase(group):    try:        conn = MySQLdb.connect(host='localhost', user='root', passwd='toor',db = 'test')        cur = conn.cursor()        for i in range(group):            promotion = getrandom()            cur.execute("insert into test values('%s')"%str(promotion))    except MySQLdb.Error, e:        print "Mysql Error %d: %s" % (e.args[0], e.args[1])    conn.commit()    cur.close()    conn.close()AddToDatabase(200)

3、将 0001 题生成的 200 个激活码（或者优惠券）保存到 Redis 非关系型数据库中。
首先要将redis服务器打开：redis-server &

import randomimport redisimport stringfield = string.letters + string.digitsdef getrandom():    return '-'.join(string.join(random.sample(field, 4)).replace(" ", "") for i in range(4))def AddToDatabase(group):    try:        rc = redis.StrictRedis(host='127.0.0.1', port=6379, db=3)        for i in range(group):            promotion = getrandom()            rc.set(i, str(promotion))    except Exception,e:        print "Radis Error: %s" % str(e)    rc.save()    rc.shutdown()AddToDatabase(200)

4、任一个英文的纯文本文件，统计其中的单词出现的个数

import refn = open('Wuthering Heights.txt','r')dic_words= {}try:     all_the_text = fn.read()     all_the_text = all_the_text.lower()     for line in all_the_text.split():         if line.isalpha():             if line not in dic_words:                 dic_words[line] = 1             else:                 dic_words[line] = dic_words[line]+1except Exception,e:    print eprint dic_wordsfn.close()

5、你有一个目录，装了很多照片，把它们的尺寸变成都不大于 iPhone5 分辨率的大小

from __future__ import divisionimport Imageimport os,sysimport globimport reLenMaxSize = 1136WidthMaxSize = 640def JudgeImageSize(size):    LenSize = max(size)    WidSize = min(size)    if LenSize > LenMaxSize  or WidSize > WidthMaxSize:        return (LenSize,WidSize)    return (0,0)def ResizeImage(img,LenSize,WidSize):    newing = []    reLenSize = 0    reWidSize = 0    if LenSize>0 and WidSize>0:        if LenSize//LenMaxSize > WidSize//WidthMaxSize:            reLenSize = LenMaxSize            reWidSize = LenMaxSize*WidSize//LenSize        else:            reLenSize = WidthMaxSize*LenSize//WidSize            reWidSize = WidthMaxSize        print (LenSize,WidSize,reLenSize,reWidSize)        newimg = img.resize((reLenSize, reWidSize), Image.ANTIALIAS)        return newimgfor files in (glob.glob('chapter2/*.*')):    #print files    if re.findall('.jpg$',files) or re.findall('.png$',files)or re.findall('.bmp$',files):        filename = os.path.basename(files)        try:            img = Image.open(files)        except Exception, e:            print e;        (LenSize,WidSize) = JudgeImageSize(img.size)        if (LenSize,WidSize) >(0,0):            newimg=ResizeImage(img,LenSize,WidSize)            newimg.save("chapter2/image/%s"%filename)

6、你有一个目录，放了你一个月的日记，都是 txt，为了避免分词的问题，假设内容都是英文，请统计出你认为每篇日记最重要的词

import os,sysimport globimport refor files in (glob.glob('*.txt')):    #print files    filename = os.path.basename(files)    fn = open(filename,'r')    dic_words= {}    try:        all_the_text = fn.read()        all_the_text = all_the_text.lower()        for line in all_the_text.split():             if line.isalpha():              if line not in dic_words:                    dic_words[line] = 1              else:                    dic_words[line] = dic_words[line]+1    except Exception,e:        print e    dic_sort = sorted(dic_words.iteritems(), key=lambda d:d[1],reverse =True)    print 'In '+filename+',the most imporent word is :'+dic_sort[0][0]    fn.close()

7、有个目录，里面是你自己写过的程序，统计一下你写过多少行代码。包括空行和注释，但是要分别列出来

和上个差不多，先空着

8、一个HTML文件，找出里面的正文。

# encoding=utf-8import urllib2import socketimport html2textfrom readability.readability import Documentsocket.setdefaulttimeout(4)url = 'http://news.ifeng.com/a/20160928/50038249_0.shtml'urlText = urllib2.urlopen(url)content = urlText.read()readable_article = Document(content).summary()readable_title = Document(content).short_title()print html2text.html2text(readable_article)

windows需要安装LXML模块，用pip install LXML安装出错的话，可以用以下方法：
（1）安装pip install wheel
（2）在这里下载对应的.whl文件：http://www.lfd.uci.edu/~gohlke/pythonlibs/#lxml
（3）进入.whl所在的文件夹，执行命令如：pip install lxml-3.6.4-cp27-cp27m-win32.whl
9、一个HTML文件，找出里面的链接。

#encoding:utf-8import socket,urllib2import htmllib,formatterurl = 'http://news.ifeng.com/a/20160928/50038249_0.shtml'urlText = urllib2.urlopen(url)content = urlText.read()parser=htmllib.HTMLParser(formatter.NullFormatter())  parser.feed(content)print '\n'.join(parser.anchorlist)parser.close()

10、使用 Python 生成类似于下图中的字母验证码图片

import Image,ImageDraw,ImageFontimport StringIO,sys,randomimport stringfield = string.letters + string.digitsLength = 120Width = 50def getrandom():    return string.join(random.sample(field, 1)).replace(" ", "")def gene_code():    verifi_code =''    newImg = Image.new("RGBA", (Length, Width), (255, 255, 255))    font = ImageFont.truetype('/usr/share/wine/fonts/tahoma.ttf',30)    draw = ImageDraw.Draw(newImg)    for i in range(4):            verifi_code+=getrandom()    verifi_code=' '.join(verifi_code)    ImageDraw.Draw(newImg).text(((Length)*0.05, (Width)*0.25),verifi_code,font=font,fill="red")    return newImgnewImg = gene_code()newImg.save("newImg.png","PNG")newImg.show()

13 ：用 Python 写一个爬图片的程序，爬这个链接里的日本妹子图片 :http://tieba.baidu.com/p/2166231880

from scrapy.spiders import Spiderfrom scrapy.selector import Selectorfrom airi_pic.items import AiriPicItemclass AiriPicSpider(Spider):    name="airi_pic_spider"    start_urls=[http://tieba.baidu.com/p/2166231880'    ]    def parse(self,response):        sel=Selector(response)        image_url=sel.xpath("//div[@id='post_content_29397251028']/img['BDG_Image']/@src").extract()        print 'the urls:/n'        print image_url        print '/n'        item=AiriPicItem()        item['airi_image_url']=image_url        yield item

21、通常，登陆某个网站或者 APP，需要使用用户名和密码。密码是如何加密后存储起来的呢？请使用 Python 对密码加密。（看的网页的加密过程，不是自己写的，学习了）

import osfrom hashlib import sha256from hmac import HMACdef encrypt_password(password, salt=None):    """Hash password on the fly."""    if salt is None:        salt = os.urandom(8) # 64 bits.    assert 8 == len(salt)    assert isinstance(salt, str)    if isinstance(password, unicode):        password = password.encode('UTF-8')    assert isinstance(password, str)    result = password    for i in xrange(10):        result = HMAC(result, salt, sha256).digest()    return salt + resulthashed = encrypt_password('secret password')

23、使用 Python 的 Web 框架，做一个 Web 版本留言簿应用。

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