Java EE - Spring MVC 文件上传

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问题导读:


1. 如何使用Commons FileUpload Commons IO 上传文件?

2. 如何利用Servlet 3.0 容器内置功能上传文件?


解决方案:


代码托管


文件上传


Commons FileUpload


  • 对于Servlet 3.0 以下的Servlet 容器我们需要使用Apache Commons FileUpload 元件 commons-fileupload-x.y.jar 还需要Apache Commons 元件 ommons-io-x.y.jar



  • 在Spring MVC 配置文件中定义multipartResolver bean

           <!-- multipartResolver 上传文件分解器 -->           <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">           <property name="maxUploadSize" value="2000000"></property>           </bean>

  • bean 中添加一个 为 List<MultipartFile> 的属性
//产品图片private List<MultipartFile> images;public List<MultipartFile> getImages() {return images;}public void setImages(List<MultipartFile> images) {this.images = images;}

  • 我们可以来看看Tomcat最近几个版本分别支持的JavaEE规范。
------------------------
Tomcat 6: Servlet 2.5、JSP 2.1、EL 2.1
Tomcat7: Servlet 3.0、JSP 2.2、EL 2.2
Tomcat8: Servlet 3.1、JSP 2.3、EL 3.0
------------------------

除此以外,Tomcat 8还支持像Java WebSocket 1.0这样的新规范。

控制器


package controller;import java.io.File;import java.io.IOException;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.List;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;import org.springframework.ui.Model;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ModelAttribute;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;import bean.Product;@Controllerpublic class ProductController {@RequestMapping(value="/product_input")public String inputProduct(Model model) {model.addAttribute("product",new Product());return "ProductForm";}@RequestMapping(value="/product_save")public String saveProduct(HttpServletRequest servletRequest,@ModelAttribute("product") Product product,Model model) {/* * 将上传的图片保存在相应目录下 */// 得到文件List<MultipartFile> images = product.getImages();List<String> imagesNames = new ArrayList<String>();//System.out.println(images.size());//判断 images 的 list 中是否有图片if(null != images && !images.isEmpty()) {// 遍历 listfor(MultipartFile image : images) {// 返回客户端本地驱动器中的初始文件名String imageName = image.getOriginalFilename();//imagesNames.add(imageName);System.out.println(imageName);// 创建 file// Tomcat 的WebApps目录下该资源路径下的xxxFile imageFile = new File(servletRequest.getServletContext().getRealPath("WEB-INF/image/"),imageName);// 保存文件try {image.transferTo(imageFile);} catch (IllegalStateException | IOException e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch blocke.printStackTrace();}}}return "ProductDetails";}}

配置文件


<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd           http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc           http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd">             <!-- 扫描包 -->               <context:component-scan base-package="controller" />           <mvc:annotation-driven />           <!-- 处理静态资源 -->           <mvc:resources mapping="/image/**" location="/WEB-INF/image/" />           <!-- 视图解析器 -->           <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">           <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />           <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />           </bean>           <!-- multipartResolver 上传文件分解器 -->           <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">           <property name="maxUploadSize" value="2000000"></property>           </bean></beans>


JSP 页面


ProductForm


<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%><!DOCTYPE html><html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><title>添加商品</title></head><body><div><form action="product_save" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data"><fieldset><legend>添加商品</legend><label for="name">商品名字:</label><input type="text" id="name" name="name" value="" /><br/><label for="description">商品描述:</label><input type="text" id="description" name="description" value="" /><br/><label for="price">商品价格:</label><input type="text" id="price" name="price" value=""/><br/><label for="image">商品图片</label></br><input type="file" name="images[0]" /></br><input type="file" name="images[1]" /></br><input type="file" name="images[2]" /></br><div><input id="reset" type="reset" /><input id="submit" type="submit" value="添加商品" /></div></fieldset></form></div></body></html>

ProductDetails


<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %>    <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%><!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"><html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><title>商品详情</title></head><body><div><h4>该商品已经保存</h4><p><h5>详细信息</h5> 商品名称:${product.name }</br> 商品描述:${product.description }</br> 商品价格:${product.price }</br> <h3>商品图片</h3> <ol> <c:forEach items="${ product.images}" var="image"> <li>${image.originalFilename } <img width="100" src="<c:url value='/image/' />${image.originalFilename }"/> </li> </c:forEach> </ol></p></div></body></html>

测试






Servlet 3.0 以上版本web容器上传文件


Servlet 3.0 以上版本web容器可以不使用Commons FileUpLoad 和Commons IO 元件

配置文件


web.xml


<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">  <servlet>  <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>  <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>  <init-param>  <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>  <param-value>classpath:conf/springmvc-config.xml</param-value>  </init-param>  <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>  <!-- 配置Servlet 3.0 文件上传 -->  <multipart-config>  <!-- 上传文件最大容量 -->  <max-file-size>20000000</max-file-size>  <!-- Http请求允许的最大容量 -->  <max-request-size>400000000</max-request-size>  <!-- 上传超过这个容量就会写入磁盘 -->  <file-size-threshold>1000000</file-size-threshold>  </multipart-config>  </servlet>  <servlet-mapping>  <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>  <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>  </servlet-mapping></web-app>

springmvc-config.xml


多部分解析器:org.springframework.web.multipart.support.StandardServletMultipartResolver

 <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.support.StandardServletMultipartResolver"></bean>

测试










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