Json.NET使用入门(二)【反序列化】
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人生在世，一切都是机缘，顺其自然，内心就会逐渐清朗，生活，也是一首陪伴一生的乐曲。有时它激昂高亢，有时它曲折婉转，有时它忧郁沉闷。生活是快乐的，还是令人难以接受的，这取决于自己的心态。
DeserializeDemo.aspx内容:
<%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeBehind="DeserializeDemo.aspx.cs" Inherits="NewtonsoftDemo.DeserializeDemo" %><!DOCTYPE html><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head runat="server"> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/> <title></title> </head> <body> <form id="form1" runat="server"> <div> <table> <tr> <td> <asp:Button ID="btnDeserializeAnObject" runat="server" Text="反序列化一个对象" OnClick="btnDeserializeAnObject_Click" /> </td> <td> <asp:Button ID="btnDeserializeACollection" runat="server" Text="反序列化一个集合" OnClick="btnDeserializeACollection_Click" /><br /> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <asp:Button ID="btnDeserializeADictionary" runat="server" Text="反序列化一个字典" OnClick="btnDeserializeADictionary_Click" /> </td> <td> <asp:Button ID="btnDeserializeAnAnonymousType" runat="server" Text="反序列化一个匿名类型" OnClick="btnDeserializeAnAnonymousType_Click" /><br /> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <asp:Button ID="btnDeserializeADataSet" runat="server" Text="反序列化一个DataSet" OnClick="btnDeserializeADataSet_Click" /> </td> <td> <asp:Button ID="btnWithCustomCreationConverter" runat="server" Text="用CustomCreationConverter反序列化" OnClick="btnWithCustomCreationConverter_Click" /><br /> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <asp:Button ID="btnDeserializeJSONFromAfile" runat="server" Text="从文件反序列化JSON" OnClick="btnDeserializeJSONFromAfile_Click" /> </td> <td> <asp:Button ID="btnPopulateAnObject" runat="server" Text="填充对象" OnClick="btnPopulateAnObject_Click" /><br /> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <asp:Button ID="btnConstructorHandlingSetting" runat="server" Text="ConstructorHandling设置" OnClick="btnConstructorHandlingSetting_Click" /> </td> <td> <asp:Button ID="btnObjectCreationHandlingSettin" runat="server" Text="ObjectCreationHandling设置" OnClick="btnObjectCreationHandlingSetting_Click" /><br /> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <asp:Button ID="btnDefaultValueHandlingSetting" runat="server" Text="DefaultValueHandling设置" OnClick="btnDefaultValueHandlingSetting_Click" /> </td> <td> <asp:Button ID="btnMissingMemberHandlingSetting" runat="server" Text="MissingMemberHandling设置" OnClick="btnMissingMemberHandlingSetting_Click" /><br /> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <asp:Button ID="btnNullValueHandlingSetting" runat="server" Text="NullValueHandling设置" OnClick="btnNullValueHandlingSetting_Click" /> </td> <td> <asp:Button ID="btnReferenceLoopHandlingSetting" runat="server" Text="ReferenceLoopHandling设置" OnClick="btnReferenceLoopHandlingSetting_Click" /><br /> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <asp:Button ID="btnPreserveReferencesHandlingSetting" runat="server" Text="PreserveReferencesHandling设置" OnClick="btnPreserveReferencesHandlingSetting_Click" /> </td> <td> <asp:Button ID="btnDateFormatHandlingSetting" runat="server" Text="DateFormatHandling设置" OnClick="btnDateFormatHandlingSetting_Click" /><br /> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <asp:Button ID="btnDateTimeZoneHandlingSetting" runat="server" Text="DateTimeZoneHandling设置" OnClick="btnDateTimeZoneHandlingSetting_Click" /> </td> <td> <asp:Button ID="btnTypeNameHandlingSetting" runat="server" Text="TypeNameHandling设置" OnClick="btnTypeNameHandlingSetting_Click" /><br /> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <asp:Button ID="btnMetadataPropertyHandlingSetting" runat="server" Text="MetadataPropertyHandling设置" OnClick="btnMetadataPropertyHandlingSetting_Click" /> </td> <td> <asp:Button ID="btnContractResolverSetting" runat="server" Text="ContractResolver设置" OnClick="btnContractResolverSetting_Click" /><br /> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <asp:Button ID="btnTraceWriterSetting" runat="server" Text="TraceWriter设置" OnClick="btnTraceWriterSetting_Click" /> </td> <td> <asp:Button ID="btnErrorHandlingSetting" runat="server" Text="ErrorHandling设置" OnClick="btnErrorHandlingSetting_Click" /><br /> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <asp:Button ID="btnMaxDepthSetting" runat="server" Text="MaxDepth设置" OnClick="btnMaxDepthSetting_Click" /> </td> <td> <br /> </td> </tr> </table> </div> </form> </body></html>DeserializeDemo.aspx.cs代码：
public partial class DeserializeDemo : System.Web.UI.Page { protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { } protected void btnDeserializeAnObject_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { string json = @"{ 'Email': 'james@example.com', 'Active': true, 'CreatedDate': '2013-01-20T00:00:00Z', 'Roles': [ 'User', 'Admin' ] }"; Account account = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<Account>(json); Response.Write(account.Email); } protected void btnDeserializeADictionary_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { string json = @"{ 'href': '/account/login.aspx', 'target': '_blank' }"; Dictionary<string, string> htmlAttributes = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<Dictionary<string, string>>(json); Response.Write(htmlAttributes["href"]); // /account/login.aspx Response.Write(htmlAttributes["target"]); } protected void btnDeserializeACollection_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { string json = @"['Starcraft','Halo','Legend of Zelda']"; List<string> videogames = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<List<string>>(json); Response.Write(string.Join(", ", videogames.ToArray())); } protected void btnSerializeAnObject_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { } protected void btnDeserializeAnAnonymousType_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { var definition = new {Name = ""}; string json1 = @"{'Name':'James'}"; var customer1 = JsonConvert.DeserializeAnonymousType(json1, definition); Response.Write(customer1.Name); // James string json2 = @"{'Name':'Mike'}"; var customer2 = JsonConvert.DeserializeAnonymousType(json2, definition); Response.Write(customer2.Name); } protected void btnDeserializeADataSet_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { string json = @"{ 'Table1': [ { 'id': 0, 'item': 'item 0' }, { 'id': 1, 'item': 'item 1' } ] }"; DataSet dataSet = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<DataSet>(json); DataTable dataTable = dataSet.Tables["Table1"]; Response.Write(dataTable.Rows.Count); // 2 foreach (DataRow row in dataTable.Rows) { Response.Write(row["id"] + " - " + row["item"]); } } protected void btnWithCustomCreationConverter_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { string json = @"{ 'Department': 'Furniture', 'JobTitle': 'Carpenter', 'FirstName': 'John', 'LastName': 'Joinery', 'BirthDate': '1983-02-02T00:00:00' }"; PersonModel person = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<PersonModel>(json, new PersonConverter()); Response.Write(person.GetType().Name); // Employee EmployeeModel employee = (EmployeeModel) person; Response.Write("<br />" + employee.JobTitle); } protected void btnDeserializeJSONFromAfile_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { // read file into a string and deserialize JSON to a type Movie movie1 = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<Movie>(File.ReadAllText(@"c:\movie.json")); // deserialize JSON directly from a file using (StreamReader file = File.OpenText(@"c:\movie.json")) { JsonSerializer serializer = new JsonSerializer(); Movie movie2 = (Movie) serializer.Deserialize(file, typeof (Movie)); } } protected void btnPopulateAnObject_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { Account account = new Account { Email = "james@example.com", Active = true, CreatedDate = new DateTime(2013, 1, 20, 0, 0, 0, DateTimeKind.Utc), Roles = new List<string> { "User", "Admin" } }; string json = @"{ 'Active': false, 'Roles': [ 'Expired' ] }"; JsonConvert.PopulateObject(json, account); Response.Write(account.Email); Response.Write(account.Active); Response.Write(string.Join(", ", account.Roles.ToArray())); } protected void btnConstructorHandlingSetting_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { string json = @"{'Url':'http://www.google.com'}"; try { JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<Website>(json); } catch (Exception ex) { Response.Write(ex.Message); } Website website = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<Website>(json, new JsonSerializerSettings { ConstructorHandling = ConstructorHandling.AllowNonPublicDefaultConstructor }); Response.Write(website.Url); } protected void btnObjectCreationHandlingSetting_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { string json = @"{ 'Name': 'James', 'Offices': [ 'Auckland', 'Wellington', 'Christchurch' ] }"; UserViewModel model1 = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<UserViewModel>(json); foreach (string office in model1.Offices) { Response.Write(office + "<br />"); } UserViewModel model2 = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<UserViewModel>(json, new JsonSerializerSettings { ObjectCreationHandling = ObjectCreationHandling.Replace }); foreach (string office in model2.Offices) { Response.Write(office + "<br />"); } } protected void btnDefaultValueHandlingSetting_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { Person person = new Person(); string jsonIncludeDefaultValues = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(person, Formatting.Indented); Console.WriteLine(jsonIncludeDefaultValues); // { // "Name": null, // "Age": 0, // "Partner": null, // "Salary": null // } string jsonIgnoreDefaultValues = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(person, Formatting.Indented, new JsonSerializerSettings { DefaultValueHandling = DefaultValueHandling.Ignore }); Response.Write(jsonIgnoreDefaultValues); } protected void btnMissingMemberHandlingSetting_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { string json = @"{ 'FullName': 'Dan Deleted', 'Deleted': true, 'DeletedDate': '2013-01-20T00:00:00' }"; try { JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<Account>(json, new JsonSerializerSettings { MissingMemberHandling = MissingMemberHandling.Error }); } catch (JsonSerializationException ex) { Response.Write(ex.Message); // Could not find member 'DeletedDate' on object of type 'Account'. Path 'DeletedDate', line 4, position 23. } } protected void btnNullValueHandlingSetting_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { Person person = new Person { Name = "Nigal Newborn", Age = 1 }; string jsonIncludeNullValues = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(person, Formatting.Indented); Response.Write(jsonIncludeNullValues); // { // "Name": "Nigal Newborn", // "Age": 1, // "Partner": null, // "Salary": null // } string jsonIgnoreNullValues = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(person, Formatting.Indented, new JsonSerializerSettings { NullValueHandling = NullValueHandling.Ignore }); Response.Write(jsonIgnoreNullValues); // { // "Name": "Nigal Newborn", // "Age": 1 // } } protected void btnReferenceLoopHandlingSetting_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { Employee joe = new Employee {Name = "Joe User"}; Employee mike = new Employee {Name = "Mike Manager"}; joe.Manager = mike; mike.Manager = mike; string json = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(joe, Formatting.Indented, new JsonSerializerSettings { ReferenceLoopHandling = ReferenceLoopHandling.Ignore }); Response.Write(json); // { // "Name": "Joe User", // "Manager": { // "Name": "Mike Manager" // } // } } protected void btnDateFormatHandlingSetting_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { DateTime mayanEndOfTheWorld = new DateTime(2012, 12, 21); string jsonIsoDate = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(mayanEndOfTheWorld); Response.Write(jsonIsoDate); // "2012-12-21T00:00:00" string jsonMsDate = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(mayanEndOfTheWorld, new JsonSerializerSettings { DateFormatHandling = DateFormatHandling.MicrosoftDateFormat }); Response.Write(jsonMsDate); // "\/Date(1356044400000+0100)\/" } protected void btnDateTimeZoneHandlingSetting_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { Flight flight = new Flight { Destination = "Dubai", DepartureDate = new DateTime(2013, 1, 21, 0, 0, 0, DateTimeKind.Unspecified), DepartureDateUtc = new DateTime(2013, 1, 21, 0, 0, 0, DateTimeKind.Utc), DepartureDateLocal = new DateTime(2013, 1, 21, 0, 0, 0, DateTimeKind.Local), Duration = TimeSpan.FromHours(5.5) }; string jsonWithRoundtripTimeZone = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(flight, Formatting.Indented, new JsonSerializerSettings { DateTimeZoneHandling = DateTimeZoneHandling.RoundtripKind }); Response.Write(jsonWithRoundtripTimeZone); // { // "Destination": "Dubai", // "DepartureDate": "2013-01-21T00:00:00", // "DepartureDateUtc": "2013-01-21T00:00:00Z", // "DepartureDateLocal": "2013-01-21T00:00:00+01:00", // "Duration": "05:30:00" // } string jsonWithLocalTimeZone = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(flight, Formatting.Indented, new JsonSerializerSettings { DateTimeZoneHandling = DateTimeZoneHandling.Local }); Response.Write(jsonWithLocalTimeZone); // { // "Destination": "Dubai", // "DepartureDate": "2013-01-21T00:00:00+01:00", // "DepartureDateUtc": "2013-01-21T01:00:00+01:00", // "DepartureDateLocal": "2013-01-21T00:00:00+01:00", // "Duration": "05:30:00" // } string jsonWithUtcTimeZone = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(flight, Formatting.Indented, new JsonSerializerSettings { DateTimeZoneHandling = DateTimeZoneHandling.Utc }); Response.Write(jsonWithUtcTimeZone); // { // "Destination": "Dubai", // "DepartureDate": "2013-01-21T00:00:00Z", // "DepartureDateUtc": "2013-01-21T00:00:00Z", // "DepartureDateLocal": "2013-01-20T23:00:00Z", // "Duration": "05:30:00" // } string jsonWithUnspecifiedTimeZone = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(flight, Formatting.Indented, new JsonSerializerSettings { DateTimeZoneHandling = DateTimeZoneHandling.Unspecified }); Response.Write(jsonWithUnspecifiedTimeZone); // { // "Destination": "Dubai", // "DepartureDate": "2013-01-21T00:00:00", // "DepartureDateUtc": "2013-01-21T00:00:00", // "DepartureDateLocal": "2013-01-21T00:00:00", // "Duration": "05:30:00" // } } protected void btnTypeNameHandlingSetting_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { Stockholder stockholder = new Stockholder { FullName = "Steve Stockholder", Businesses = new List<Business> { new Hotel { Name = "Hudson Hotel", Stars = 4 } } }; string jsonTypeNameAll = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(stockholder, Formatting.Indented, new JsonSerializerSettings { TypeNameHandling = TypeNameHandling.All }); Response.Write(jsonTypeNameAll); // { // "$type": "Newtonsoft.Json.Samples.Stockholder, Newtonsoft.Json.Tests", // "FullName": "Steve Stockholder", // "Businesses": { // "$type": "System.Collections.Generic.List`1[[Newtonsoft.Json.Samples.Business, Newtonsoft.Json.Tests]], mscorlib", // "$values": [ // { // "$type": "Newtonsoft.Json.Samples.Hotel, Newtonsoft.Json.Tests", // "Stars": 4, // "Name": "Hudson Hotel" // } // ] // } // } string jsonTypeNameAuto = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(stockholder, Formatting.Indented, new JsonSerializerSettings { TypeNameHandling = TypeNameHandling.Auto }); Response.Write(jsonTypeNameAuto); // { // "FullName": "Steve Stockholder", // "Businesses": [ // { // "$type": "Newtonsoft.Json.Samples.Hotel, Newtonsoft.Json.Tests", // "Stars": 4, // "Name": "Hudson Hotel" // } // ] // } // for security TypeNameHandling is required when deserializing Stockholder newStockholder = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<Stockholder>(jsonTypeNameAuto, new JsonSerializerSettings { TypeNameHandling = TypeNameHandling.Auto }); Response.Write(newStockholder.Businesses[0].GetType().Name); // Hotel } protected void btnMetadataPropertyHandlingSetting_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { string json = @"{ 'Name': 'James', 'Password': 'Password1', '$type': 'MyNamespace.User, MyAssembly' }"; object o = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject(json, new JsonSerializerSettings { TypeNameHandling = TypeNameHandling.All, // $type no longer needs to be first MetadataPropertyHandling = MetadataPropertyHandling.ReadAhead }); User u = (User) o; Response.Write(u.Name); // James } protected void btnContractResolverSetting_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { PersonM person = new PersonM { FirstName = "Sarah", LastName = "Security" }; string json = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(person, Formatting.Indented, new JsonSerializerSettings { ContractResolver = new CamelCasePropertyNamesContractResolver() }); Response.Write(json); // { // "firstName": "Sarah", // "lastName": "Security", // "fullName": "Sarah Security" // } } protected void btnTraceWriterSetting_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { string json = @"{ 'FullName': 'Dan Deleted', 'Deleted': true, 'DeletedDate': '2013-01-20T00:00:00' }"; MemoryTraceWriter traceWriter = new MemoryTraceWriter(); Account account = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<Account>(json, new JsonSerializerSettings { TraceWriter = traceWriter }); Response.Write(traceWriter.ToString()); } protected void btnErrorHandlingSetting_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { List<string> errors = new List<string>(); List<DateTime> c = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<List<DateTime>>(@"[ '2009-09-09T00:00:00Z', 'I am not a date and will error!', [ 1 ], '1977-02-20T00:00:00Z', null, '2000-12-01T00:00:00Z' ]", new JsonSerializerSettings { Error = delegate(object sd, Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization.ErrorEventArgs args) { errors.Add(args.ErrorContext.Error.Message); args.ErrorContext.Handled = true; }, Converters = {new IsoDateTimeConverter()} }); } protected void btnMaxDepthSetting_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { string json = @"[ [ [ '1', 'Two', 'III' ] ] ]"; try { JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<List<IList<IList<string>>>>(json, new JsonSerializerSettings { MaxDepth = 2 }); } catch (JsonReaderException ex) { Response.Write(ex.Message); // The reader's MaxDepth of 2 has been exceeded. Path '[0][0]', line 3, position 12. } } protected void btnPreserveReferencesHandlingSetting_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { DirectoryModel root = new DirectoryModel {Name = "Root"}; DirectoryModel documents = new DirectoryModel {Name = "My Documents", Parent = root}; FileModel file = new FileModel {Name = "ImportantLegalDocument.docx", Parent = documents}; documents.Files = new List<FileModel> {file}; try { JsonConvert.SerializeObject(documents, Formatting.Indented); } catch (JsonSerializationException) { } string preserveReferenacesAll = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(documents, Formatting.Indented, new JsonSerializerSettings { PreserveReferencesHandling = PreserveReferencesHandling.All }); Response.Write(preserveReferenacesAll); string preserveReferenacesObjects = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(documents, Formatting.Indented, new JsonSerializerSettings { PreserveReferencesHandling = PreserveReferencesHandling.Objects }); Response.Write(preserveReferenacesObjects); } } #region CustomCreationConverter public class PersonModel { public string FirstName { get; set; } public string LastName { get; set; } public DateTime BirthDate { get; set; } } public class EmployeeModel : PersonModel { public string Department { get; set; } public string JobTitle { get; set; } } public class PersonConverter : CustomCreationConverter<PersonModel> { public override PersonModel Create(Type objectType) { return new EmployeeModel(); } } #endregion #region ObjectCreationHandlingSetting所需要的实体类 public class UserViewModel { public string Name { get; set; } public IList<string> Offices { get; private set; } public UserViewModel() { Offices = new List<string> { "Auckland", "Wellington", "Christchurch" }; } } #endregion #region TypeNameHandling所需要的实体类 public abstract class Business { public string Name { get; set; } } public class Hotel : Business { public int Stars { get; set; } } public class Stockholder { public string FullName { get; set; } public IList<Business> Businesses { get; set; } } #endregion #region ContractResolver所需要的实体类 public class PersonM { public string FirstName { get; set; } public string LastName { get; set; } public string FullName { get { return FirstName + " " + LastName; } } } #endregion #region TraceWriterSetting所需要的实体类 public class AccountModel { public string FullName { get; set; } public bool Deleted { get; set; } } #endregion #region PreserveReferencesHandlingSetting所需要的实体类 public class DirectoryModel { public string Name { get; set; } public DirectoryModel Parent { get; set; } public IList<FileModel> Files { get; set; } } public class FileModel { public string Name { get; set; } public DirectoryModel Parent { get; set; } } #endregion运行结果如图:
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