MySQL GTID 错误处理汇总

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MySQL GTID是在传统的mysql主从复制的基础之上演化而来的产物,即通过UUID加上事务ID的方式来确保每一个事物的唯一性。这样的操作方式使得我们不再需要关心所谓的log_file和log_Pos,只是简单的告诉从库,从哪个服务器上去找主库就OK了。简化了主从的搭建以及failover的过程,同时比传统的复制更加安全可靠。由于GTID是连续没有空洞的,因此主从库出现数据冲突时,可以通过注入空事物的方式进行跳过。本文主要讲述GTID主从架构的错误处理方式。

一、GTID的相关特性

配置MySQL GTID 主从复制
基于mysqldump搭建gtid主从

二、GTID如何跳过事务冲突

    很多无法预料的情形导致mysql主从发生事务冲突,主从失败或停止的情形,即需要修复主从    对于GTID方式的主从架构而言,更多的是处理事务冲突来修复主从    GTID不支持通过传统设置sql_slave_skip_counter方法来跳过事务    方法:通过注入空事务来填补事务空洞,等同于传统复制的(set global sql_slave_skip_counter = 1)    步骤:            stop slave;            set gtid_next='xxxxxxx:N'; --指定下一个事务执行的版本,即想要跳过的GTID            begin;            commit;  --注入一个空事物            set gtid_next='AUTOMATIC' --自动的寻找GTID事务。            start slave; --开始同步

三、GTID事务冲突的几种常见类型

    1、主库新增记录,从库提示主键冲突    2、主库对象可更新,从库无对应的对象可更新    3、主库对象可删除,从库无对应的对象可删除    4、通过延迟从修复主库意外删除的对象    5、主库日志被purged的情形

四、示例演示

当前演示的主从架构图# mysqlrplshow --master=root:pass@192.168.1.233:3306 --discover-slaves-login=root:pass --verboseWARNING: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.# master on 192.168.1.233: ... connected.# Finding slaves for master: 192.168.1.233:3306# Replication Topology Graph192.168.1.233:3306 (MASTER)   |   +--- 192.168.1.245:3306 [IO: Yes, SQL: Yes] - (SLAVE)   |   +--- 192.168.1.247:3306 [IO: Yes, SQL: Yes] - (SLAVE)(root@192.168.1.233)[tempdb]>show slave hosts;+-----------+---------------+------+-----------+--------------------------------------+| Server_id | Host          | Port | Master_id | Slave_UUID                           |+-----------+---------------+------+-----------+--------------------------------------+|       245 | 192.168.1.245 | 3306 |       233 | 78336cdc-8cfb-11e6-ba9f-000c29328504 ||       247 | 192.168.1.247 | 3306 |       233 | 13a26fc1-555a-11e6-b5e0-000c292e1642 |+-----------+---------------+------+-----------+--------------------------------------+--演示的mysql版本(root@192.168.1.233)[tempdb]>show variables like 'version';+---------------+------------+| Variable_name | Value      |+---------------+------------+| version       | 5.7.12-log |+---------------+------------+--查看gtid是否开启(root@192.168.1.233)[tempdb]>show variables like '%gtid_mode%';+---------------+-------+| Variable_name | Value |+---------------+-------+| gtid_mode     | ON    |+---------------+-------+--主库上面可以看到基于gtid的dump线程,如下(root@192.168.1.233)[tempdb]>show processlist;+----+------+-----------------------+--------+------------------+------+| Id | User | Host                  | db     | Command          | Time |+----+------+-----------------------+--------+------------------+------+| 17 | repl | node245.edq.com:52685 | NULL   | Binlog Dump GTID | 2738 || 18 | repl | node247.edq.com:33516 | NULL   | Binlog Dump GTID | 2690 || 24 | root | localhost             | tempdb | Query            |    0 |+----+------+-----------------------+--------+------------------+------+

1、从库报主键重复(Errno: 1062)

(root@Master)[tempdb]>create table t1 (            -> id tinyint not null primary key,ename varchar(20),blog varchar(50));(root@Master)[tempdb]>insert into t1             -> values(1,'leshami','http://blog.csdn.net/leshami');(root@Master)[tempdb]>insert into t1             -> values(2,'robin','http://blog.csdn.net/robinson_0612');(root@Master)[tempdb]>set sql_log_bin=off;(root@Master)[tempdb]>delete from t1 where ename='robin';(root@Master)[tempdb]>set sql_log_bin=on;(root@Master)[tempdb]>insert into t1             -> values(2,'robin','http://blog.csdn.net/robinson_0612');-- 从库状态报错,提示重复的primary key(root@Slave)[tempdb]>show slave status \G*************************** 1. row ***************************Last_Errno: 1062Last_Error: Could not execute Write_rows event on table tempdb.t1; Duplicate entry '2' for key 'PRIMARY',                         Error_code: 1062; handler error HA_ERR_FOUND_DUPP_KEY;                         the event's master log node233-binlog.000004, end_log_pos 4426Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 1b64c25d-8d2b-11e6-9ac0-000c29b82d0d:76-90 Executed_Gtid_Set: 1b64c25d-8d2b-11e6-9ac0-000c29b82d0d:1-89     Auto_Position: 1-- 如下解决方案,可以通过删除重库的这条记录(root@Slave)[tempdb]>stop slave;(root@Slave)[tempdb]>delete from t1 where ename='robin';(root@Slave)[tempdb]>start slave;(root@Slave)[tempdb]>show slave status \G*************************** 1. row ***************************           Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 1b64c25d-8d2b-11e6-9ac0-000c29b82d0d:76-90            Executed_Gtid_Set: 1b64c25d-8d2b-11e6-9ac0-000c29b82d0d:1-90, 78336cdc-8cfb-11e6-ba9f-000c29328504:1  --这里多了一个GTID,注意这个是从库上执行的,这里的UUID跟IP 245的UUID一致                Auto_Position: 1         Replicate_Rewrite_DB:                  Channel_Name:            Master_TLS_Version: (root@Slave)[tempdb]>show variables like '%uuid%';+---------------+--------------------------------------+| Variable_name | Value                                |+---------------+--------------------------------------+| server_uuid   | 78336cdc-8cfb-11e6-ba9f-000c29328504 |+---------------+--------------------------------------+

2、从库报找不到对应的被更新的记录(Errno: 1032)

--首先在从库上删除leshami这条记录(root@Slave)[tempdb]>delete from t1 where ename='leshami';--接下来再主库尝试更新leshami这条记录(root@Master)[tempdb]>update t1 set             -> blog='http://blog.csdn.net/robinson_0612' where ename='leshami';Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 0-- 查看从库状态(root@Slave)[tempdb]>show slave status \G*************************** 1. row ***************************Last_SQL_Errno: 1032Last_SQL_Error: Could not execute Update_rows event on table tempdb.t1; Can't find record in 't1',                                Error_code: 1032; handler error HA_ERR_KEY_NOT_FOUND;                            the event's master log node233-binlog.000004, end_log_pos 4769Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 1b64c25d-8d2b-11e6-9ac0-000c29b82d0d:76-91Executed_Gtid_Set: 1b64c25d-8d2b-11e6-9ac0-000c29b82d0d:1-90,        78336cdc-8cfb-11e6-ba9f-000c29328504:1-2-- 通过mysqlbinlog在主服务器上寻找报错的binglog日志文件及位置,找到对应的SQL语句,如下所示-- update中的where后面的部分为更新前的数据,set部分为更新后的数据,因此可以将更新前的数据插入到从库# mysqlbinlog --no-defaults -v -v --base64-output=DECODE-ROWS /data/node233-binlog.000004|grep -A '10' 4769#161009 13:46:34 server id 233 end_log_pos 4769 CRC32 0xb60df74e Update_rows: table id 147 flags: STMT_END_F### UPDATE `tempdb`.`t1`### WHERE###   @1=1 /* TINYINT meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */###   @2='leshami' /* VARSTRING(20) meta=20 nullable=1 is_null=0 */###   @3='http://blog.csdn.net/leshami' /* VARSTRING(50) meta=50 nullable=1 is_null=0 */### SET###   @1=1 /* TINYINT meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */###   @2='leshami' /* VARSTRING(20) meta=20 nullable=1 is_null=0 */###   @3='http://blog.csdn.net/robinson_0612' /* VARSTRING(50) meta=50 nullable=1 is_null=0 */# at 4769#161009 13:46:34 server id 233  end_log_pos 4800 CRC32 0xa9669811       Xid = 1749COMMIT/*!*/;SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= 'AUTOMATIC' /* added by mysqlbinlog */ /*!*/;DELIMITER ;# End of log file/*!50003 SET COMPLETION_TYPE=@OLD_COMPLETION_TYPE*/;/*!50530 SET @@SESSION.PSEUDO_SLAVE_MODE=0*/;   (root@Slave)[tempdb]>select * from t1;+----+-------+------------------------------------+| id | ename | blog                               |+----+-------+------------------------------------+|  2 | robin | http://blog.csdn.net/robinson_0612 |+----+-------+------------------------------------+(root@Slave)[tempdb]>stop slave sql_thread;(root@Slave)[tempdb]>insert into t1 values(1,'leshami','http://blog.csdn.net/leshami');(root@Slave)[tempdb]>start slave sql_thread;(root@Slave)[tempdb]>show slave status \G*************************** 1. row ***************************           Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 1b64c25d-8d2b-11e6-9ac0-000c29b82d0d:76-91            Executed_Gtid_Set: 1b64c25d-8d2b-11e6-9ac0-000c29b82d0d:1-91,                               78336cdc-8cfb-11e6-ba9f-000c29328504:1-3                Auto_Position: 1

3、从库找不到对应的被删除的记录(Errno: 1032)

-- 如果是在主库上删除记录,而从库上找不到对应的记录,则可以直接跳过该事务-- 下面我们首选在从库上删除一条记录(root@Slave)[tempdb]>delete from t1 where ename='robin';-- 接下来在主库上删除该记录(root@Master)[tempdb]>delete from t1 where ename='robin';-- 从库端提示无法找到对应的记录(root@Slave)[tempdb]>show slave status \G*************************** 1. row ***************************Last_SQL_Error: Could not execute Delete_rows event on table tempdb.t1; Can't find record in 't1',                Error_code: 1032; handler error HA_ERR_KEY_NOT_FOUND;                 the event's master log node233-binlog.000004, end_log_pos 5070Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: 161009 15:08:06    Master_SSL_Crl: Master_SSL_Crlpath: Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 1b64c25d-8d2b-11e6-9ac0-000c29b82d0d:76-92 Executed_Gtid_Set: 1b64c25d-8d2b-11e6-9ac0-000c29b82d0d:1-91,                    78336cdc-8cfb-11e6-ba9f-000c29328504:1-4     Auto_Position: 1      -- 下面通过注入空事务来跳过(root@Slave)[tempdb]>stop slave sql_thread;(root@Slave)[tempdb]>set gtid_next='1b64c25d-8d2b-11e6-9ac0-000c29b82d0d:92';(root@Slave)[tempdb]>begin;commit;(root@Slave)[tempdb]>set gtid_next='AUTOMATIC';(root@Slave)[tempdb]>start slave sql_thread;(root@Slave)[tempdb]>show slave status \G*************************** 1. row ***************************           Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 1b64c25d-8d2b-11e6-9ac0-000c29b82d0d:76-92            Executed_Gtid_Set: 1b64c25d-8d2b-11e6-9ac0-000c29b82d0d:1-92,                               78336cdc-8cfb-11e6-ba9f-000c29328504:1-4                Auto_Position: 1         Replicate_Rewrite_DB:                  Channel_Name:            Master_TLS_Version: 

4、延迟从修复主库意外truncate

-- 主库上面新增表及记录             (root@Master)[tempdb]>create table t2 (id tinyint not null primary key,         -> ename varchar(20),blog varchar(50));(root@Master)[tempdb]>insert into t2              -> values(1,'leshami','http://blog.csdn.net/leshami');(root@Master)[tempdb]>insert into t2              -> values(2,'robin','http://blog.csdn.net/robinson_0612');(root@Master)[tempdb]>select * from t2;+----+---------+------------------------------------+| id | ename   | blog                               |+----+---------+------------------------------------+|  1 | leshami | http://blog.csdn.net/leshami       ||  2 | robin   | http://blog.csdn.net/robinson_0612 |+----+---------+------------------------------------+--先将从库配置为延迟从(root@Slave)[tempdb]>stop slave sql_thread;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)(root@Slave)[tempdb]>CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_DELAY = 300;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)(root@Slave)[tempdb]>start slave sql_thread;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)(root@Slave)[tempdb]>show slave status \G*************************** 1. row ***************************             Slave_IO_Running: Yes            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes                    SQL_Delay: 300  root@Slave)[tempdb]>show slave status \G*************************** 1. row ***************************           Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 1b64c25d-8d2b-11e6-9ac0-000c29b82d0d:76-99            Executed_Gtid_Set: 1b64c25d-8d2b-11e6-9ac0-000c29b82d0d:1-99,                               78336cdc-8cfb-11e6-ba9f-000c29328504:1-4                Auto_Position: 1--查看主库上的binglog gtid(root@Master)[tempdb]>show master status\G*************************** 1. row ***************************             File: node233-binlog.000004         Position: 6970     Binlog_Do_DB:  Binlog_Ignore_DB: Executed_Gtid_Set: 1b64c25d-8d2b-11e6-9ac0-000c29b82d0d:1-991 row in set (0.00 sec)--在主库上truncate t2(root@Master)[tempdb]>truncate table t2;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)--再次查看主库上的binglog gtid,有99变成了100,这个100即是我们需要跳过的ID(root@Master)[tempdb]>show master status\G*************************** 1. row ***************************             File: node233-binlog.000004         Position: 7121     Binlog_Do_DB:  Binlog_Ignore_DB: Executed_Gtid_Set: 1b64c25d-8d2b-11e6-9ac0-000c29b82d0d:1-1001 row in set (0.00 sec)--从库上跳过被意外truncate的事务(root@Slave)[tempdb]>stop slave sql_thread;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)(root@Slave)[tempdb]>set gtid_next='1b64c25d-8d2b-11e6-9ac0-000c29b82d0d:100';Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)(root@Slave)[tempdb]>begin;commit;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)(root@Slave)[tempdb]>set gtid_next='AUTOMATIC';Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)(root@Slave)[tempdb]>start slave sql_thread;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)(root@Slave)[tempdb]>show slave status \G*************************** 1. row ***************************               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event                  Master_Host: Master                  Master_User: repl                  Master_Port: 3306                Connect_Retry: 60              Master_Log_File: node233-binlog.000004          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 7121               Relay_Log_File: node245-relay-bin.000003                Relay_Log_Pos: 2982        Relay_Master_Log_File: node233-binlog.000004             Slave_IO_Running: Yes            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes             ...........................                    Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 1b64c25d-8d2b-11e6-9ac0-000c29b82d0d:76-100            Executed_Gtid_Set: 1b64c25d-8d2b-11e6-9ac0-000c29b82d0d:1-100,                                                             78336cdc-8cfb-11e6-ba9f-000c29328504:1-4                Auto_Position: 1-- 很多时候我们并不知道表何时被truncate,因此可以从binlog日志得到其gtid-- 如下所示,可以得到这串 SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= '1b64c25d-8d2b-11e6-9ac0-000c29b82d0d:100'-- 100即为这个truncate对应的gtid的事务号# mysqlbinlog --no-defaults -v -v --base64-output=DECODE-ROWS /data/node233-binlog.000004|grep -i \> "truncate table t2" -A3 -B10  ###   @3='http://blog.csdn.net/robinson_0612' /* VARSTRING(50) meta=50 nullable=1 is_null=0 */# at 6939#161009 18:04:58 server id 233  end_log_pos 6970 CRC32 0x71c5121c     Xid = 1775COMMIT/*!*/;# at 6970#161009 18:08:42 server id 233 end_log_pos 7035 CRC32 0x00ba9437 GTID last_committed=26 sequence_number=27SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= '1b64c25d-8d2b-11e6-9ac0-000c29b82d0d:100'/*!*/;# at 7035#161009 18:08:42 server id 233 end_log_pos 7121 CRC32 0x5a8b9723 Query thread_id=26 exec_time=0 error_code=0SET TIMESTAMP=1476007722/*!*/;truncate table t2/*!*/;SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= 'AUTOMATIC' /* added by mysqlbinlog */ /*!*/;DELIMITER ;

5、主库binlog被purge的情形(Errno: 1236)

-- 首先停止从库,模拟从库被意外宕机(root@Slave)[tempdb]>stop slave;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.08 sec)--在主库上进行相应的操作--此时主库上的gtid_purged为空(root@Master)[tempdb]>show variables like '%gtid_purged%';+---------------+-------+| Variable_name | Value |+---------------+-------+| gtid_purged   |       |+---------------+-------+--查看主库binlog(root@Master)[tempdb]>show binary logs;+-----------------------+-----------+| Log_name              | File_size |+-----------------------+-----------+| node233-binlog.000001 |   1362104 || node233-binlog.000002 |      1331 || node233-binlog.000003 |       217 || node233-binlog.000004 |      7121 |+-----------------------+-----------+(root@Master)[tempdb]>select * from t1;+----+---------+------------------------------------+| id | ename   | blog                               |+----+---------+------------------------------------+|  1 | leshami | http://blog.csdn.net/robinson_0612 ||  2 | robin   | http://blog.csdn.net/leshami       |+----+---------+------------------------------------+--从主库删除记录(root@Master)[tempdb]>delete from t1;--切换日志(root@Master)[tempdb]>flush logs;--新增记录(root@Master)[tempdb]>insert into t1 values(1,    -> 'xuputi','http://blog.csdn.net/leshami');(root@Master)[tempdb]>show binary logs;+-----------------------+-----------+| Log_name              | File_size |+-----------------------+-----------+| node233-binlog.000001 |   1362104 || node233-binlog.000002 |      1331 || node233-binlog.000003 |       217 || node233-binlog.000004 |      7513 || node233-binlog.000005 |       490 |+-----------------------+-----------+--清理binlog(root@Master)[tempdb]>purge binary logs to 'node233-binlog.000005';Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)(root@Master)[tempdb]>show binary logs;+-----------------------+-----------+| Log_name              | File_size |+-----------------------+-----------+| node233-binlog.000005 |       490 |+-----------------------+-----------+--此时可以看到相应的gtid_purged值(root@Master)[tempdb]>show variables like '%gtid_purged%';+---------------+--------------------------------------------+| Variable_name | Value                                      |+---------------+--------------------------------------------+| gtid_purged   | 1b64c25d-8d2b-11e6-9ac0-000c29b82d0d:1-101 |+---------------+--------------------------------------------+--下面启动从库(root@Slave)[tempdb]>start slave;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)--从库状态提示有日志被purged(root@Slave)[tempdb]>show slave status\G*************************** 1. row ***************************               Slave_IO_State:                   Master_Host: Master                  Master_User: repl                  Master_Port: 3306                Connect_Retry: 60              Master_Log_File: node233-binlog.000004          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 7121               Relay_Log_File: node245-relay-bin.000003                Relay_Log_Pos: 3133        Relay_Master_Log_File: node233-binlog.000004             Slave_IO_Running: No            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes                    ...............                Last_IO_Errno: 1236                Last_IO_Error: Got fatal error 1236 from master when reading data from binary log:                'The slave is connecting using CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_AUTO_POSITION = 1,                  but the master has purged binary logs containing GTIDs that the slave requires.'                       ..................           Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 1b64c25d-8d2b-11e6-9ac0-000c29b82d0d:76-100            Executed_Gtid_Set: 1b64c25d-8d2b-11e6-9ac0-000c29b82d0d:1-100,                               78336cdc-8cfb-11e6-ba9f-000c29328504:1-4                Auto_Position: 1-- 从库上gtid_purged参数,此时为75(root@Slave)[tempdb]>show variables like '%gtid_purged%';+---------------+-------------------------------------------+| Variable_name | Value                                     |+---------------+-------------------------------------------+| gtid_purged   | 1b64c25d-8d2b-11e6-9ac0-000c29b82d0d:1-75 |+---------------+-------------------------------------------+                --停止从库(root@Slave)[tempdb]>stop slave;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)--下面尝试使用gtid_purged进行跳过事务,,如下,提示仅仅当GLOBAL.GTID_EXECUTED为空才能被设置(root@Slave)[tempdb]>set global gtid_purged = '1b64c25d-8d2b-11e6-9ac0-000c29b82d0d:1-101';ERROR 1840 (HY000): @@GLOBAL.GTID_PURGED can only be set when @@GLOBAL.GTID_EXECUTED is empty.--如下查看,已经存在被执行的gtid,即gtid_executed肯定是不为空,且这些gtid记录在从库的binary log中(root@Slave)[tempdb]>show global variables like '%gtid_executed%'\G*************************** 1. row ***************************Variable_name: gtid_executed        Value: 1b64c25d-8d2b-11e6-9ac0-000c29b82d0d:1-100,               78336cdc-8cfb-11e6-ba9f-000c29328504:1-4*************************** 2. row ***************************Variable_name: gtid_executed_compression_period        Value: 1000--下面我们在从库上reset master,即清空从库binlog(root@Slave)[tempdb]>reset master;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec)--再次查看gtid_executed已经为空值(root@Slave)[tempdb]>show global variables like '%gtid_executed%'\G*************************** 1. row ***************************Variable_name: gtid_executed        Value: *************************** 2. row ***************************Variable_name: gtid_executed_compression_period        Value: 1000--此时再次设置gtid_purged的值(root@Slave)[tempdb]>set global gtid_purged = '1b64c25d-8d2b-11e6-9ac0-000c29b82d0d:1-101';Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)--启动从库(root@Slave)[tempdb]>start slave;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)--提示有重复记录,如下所示--是由于我们在从库停止期间delete这个事务没有被从库的relay log接受到--其次主从的binlog又被purged,而且从库启动后,执行了gtid_purged,因此主库上新增的记录在从库上提示主键重复(root@Slave)[tempdb]>show slave status \G*************************** 1. row ***************************               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event                  Master_Host: Master                  Master_User: repl                  Master_Port: 3306                Connect_Retry: 60              Master_Log_File: node233-binlog.000005          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 490               Relay_Log_File: node245-relay-bin.000004                Relay_Log_Pos: 417        Relay_Master_Log_File: node233-binlog.000005             Slave_IO_Running: Yes            Slave_SQL_Running: No                ................               Last_SQL_Error: Could not execute Write_rows event on table tempdb.t1;  Duplicate entry '1' for key 'PRIMARY', Error_code: 1062; handler error HA_ERR_FOUND_DUPP_KEY; the event's master log node233-binlog.000005, end_log_pos 459           Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 1b64c25d-8d2b-11e6-9ac0-000c29b82d0d:76-100:102            Executed_Gtid_Set: 1b64c25d-8d2b-11e6-9ac0-000c29b82d0d:1-101                Auto_Position: 1--在从库上删除id为1的记录(root@Slave)[tempdb]>delete from t1 where id=1;Query OK, 1 row affected (0.05 sec)--启动从库的sql_thread线程(root@Slave)[tempdb]>start slave sql_thread;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)--再次查看正常(root@Slave)[tempdb]>show slave status \G*************************** 1. row ***************************               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event                  Master_Host: Master                  Master_User: repl                  Master_Port: 3306                Connect_Retry: 60              Master_Log_File: node233-binlog.000005          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 490               Relay_Log_File: node245-relay-bin.000004                Relay_Log_Pos: 713        Relay_Master_Log_File: node233-binlog.000005             Slave_IO_Running: Yes            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes--上面的这个示例,主要是演示我们使用gtid_purged方式来达到跳过事务的目的--事实上,主从的数据已经不一致了,应根据实际的需要考虑是否进行相应的修复

五、小结

1、GTID是全局事务ID,简化了主从架构的部署使得从库不再需要关心log_file和log_pos
2、由于事务ID的唯一性,使得将其他从库的GTID应用到其它从库成为可能,即提供了便利的failover
3、GTID是连续的,非空洞性的,因此,对于冲突的情形,需要注入空的事务来实现
4、可以通过配置延迟从来避免主库上意外的删除对象导致的人为错误

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