stm32CubeMX HAL库中延时的几种方式解析

stm32CubeMX HAL库中延时的几种方式解析

HAL_Dalay()是毫秒级延时，为了使用微秒级延时最近学习了一下，总结如下，推荐使用最后一种方式。

/* * 本文件包括四种延时方式： * 1. 原来的HAL库函数HAL_Delay（）    2. 采用定时器2设置延时函数     3. 采用系统滴答中断方式的ms和us级延时 * 4. 采用系统滴答非中断方式的ms和us级延时（在一次计数值范围内的延时） *//* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/#include "stm32l1xx_hal.h"#include "tim.h"#include "usart.h"#include "gpio.h"/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes *//* USER CODE END Includes *//* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*//* USER CODE BEGIN PV *//* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/volatile unsigned int timenum;      //必须要加volatile！！！volatile unsigned long time_delay; // 延时时间，注意定义为全局变量/* USER CODE END PV *//* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/void SystemClock_Config(void);void Error_Handler(void);/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP *//* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/HAL_StatusTypeDef delay_10us(uint32_t num);void delay_us(volatile unsigned long nms);void delay_ms(volatile unsigned long nms);void delay_ms2(int32_t nms);/* USER CODE END PFP *//* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */int fputc(int ch, FILE *f)  {  HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart2 , (uint8_t *)&ch, 1, 0xFFFF);  return ch;  }/* USER CODE END 0 */int main(void){  /* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */  /* USER CODE END 1 */  /* MCU Configuration----------------------------------------------------------*/  /* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */  HAL_Init();  /* Configure the system clock */  SystemClock_Config();  /* Initialize all configured peripherals */  MX_GPIO_Init();  MX_TIM2_Init();  MX_USART2_UART_Init();  /* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */       /*##-1- Start the TIM Base generation in interrupt mode ####################*/  //HAL_TIM_Base_Start_IT(&htim2);      printf("Testing timer2\n");HAL_Delay(1000);printf("Testing timer2\n");HAL_Delay(1000);printf("Testing timer2\n");HAL_Delay(1000);printf("Testing timer2\n");HAL_Delay(1000);printf("Testing timer2\n");  /* USER CODE END 2 */  /* Infinite loop */  /* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */  while (1)  {  /* USER CODE END WHILE */  /* USER CODE BEGIN 3 *///HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOB, GPIO_PIN_8, GPIO_PIN_RESET);delay_ms2(500);printf("12\n");//HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOB, GPIO_PIN_8, GPIO_PIN_SET);//delay_us(500000);  }  /* USER CODE END 3 */}/** System Clock Configuration*/void SystemClock_Config(void){  RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct;  RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct;  __HAL_RCC_PWR_CLK_ENABLE();  __HAL_PWR_VOLTAGESCALING_CONFIG(PWR_REGULATOR_VOLTAGE_SCALE1);  RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSE;  RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEState = RCC_HSE_ON;  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON;  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource = RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSE;  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLMUL = RCC_PLL_MUL12;  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLDIV = RCC_PLL_DIV3;  if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK)  {    Error_Handler();  }  RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK                              |RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;  RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;  RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;  if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_1) != HAL_OK)  {    Error_Handler();  }  HAL_RCC_MCOConfig(RCC_MCO1, RCC_MCO1SOURCE_SYSCLK, RCC_MCODIV_1);  HAL_SYSTICK_Config(HAL_RCC_GetHCLKFreq()/1000);  //注意这里HAL库重装了系统计数器的值，使美1ms中断一次！！  HAL_SYSTICK_CLKSourceConfig(SYSTICK_CLKSOURCE_HCLK);  /* SysTick_IRQn interrupt configuration */  HAL_NVIC_SetPriority(SysTick_IRQn, 0, 0);}/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 *//**  * @brief  Period elapsed callback in non blocking mode  * @param  htim: TIM handle  * @retval None  */void HAL_TIM_PeriodElapsedCallback(TIM_HandleTypeDef *htim)//定时器2中断处理函数{    if (htim->Instance == htim2.Instance)    {HAL_GPIO_TogglePin(GPIOB, GPIO_PIN_8);if(timenum){timenum--;//printf("%d\n", timenum);}    }}HAL_StatusTypeDef delay_10us(uint32_t num)//自定义的定时器2实现延时的函数{timenum = num;HAL_TIM_Base_Start_IT(&htim2);while(timenum)//为什么一直停在这个循环中？？？3-2-1-2-3……怎么会这样！！！--volatile！;HAL_TIM_Base_Stop_IT(&htim2);return HAL_OK;}//SysTick实现延时n_ms，中断方式void delay_ms(volatile unsigned long nms){    //SYSTICK分频--1ms的系统时钟中断    if (SysTick_Config(HAL_RCC_GetHCLKFreq()/1000))    {           while (1);    }    time_delay=nms;//读取定时时间    while(time_delay);    SysTick->CTRL=0x00; //关闭计数器    SysTick->VAL =0X00; //清空计数器}//SysTick实现延时n_us，中断方式void delay_us(volatile unsigned long nus){ //SYSTICK分频--1us的系统时钟中断    if (SysTick_Config(HAL_RCC_GetHCLKFreq()/1000000))    {           while (1);    }    time_delay=nus;//读取定时时间    while(time_delay);    SysTick->CTRL=0x00; //关闭计数器    SysTick->VAL =0X00; //清空计数器}//SysTick实现延时中断方式的中断处理函数//在中断中将time_delay递减。实现延时//void SysTick_Handler(void)//{//    if(time_delay)//        time_delay--;//}//void HAL_SYSTICK_Callback(void)//原cube HAL库中中断处理回调函数重写//{//if(time_delay)//time_delay--;//}//void HAL_IncTick(void)//原cube HAL库中，重写//{//if(time_delay)//time_delay--;//}/********************************* 优选的方式 ***********************************************************************//*一次填充系统计时器以实现非中断延迟，受限系统计时器stmtick只有24位，所以最长计时有所限制*/void delay_ms2(int32_t nms){ int32_t temp; SysTick->LOAD = 8000*nms; SysTick->VAL=0X00;//清空计数器 SysTick->CTRL=0X01;//使能，减到零是无动作，采用外部时钟源 do {  temp=SysTick->CTRL;//读取当前倒计数值 }while((temp&0x01)&&(!(temp&(1<<16))));//等待时间到达    SysTick->CTRL=0x00; //关闭计数器    SysTick->VAL =0X00; //清空计数器}/* USER CODE END 4 *//************************ (C) COPYRIGHT STMicroelectronics *****END OF FILE****//*********************************************************************************************************************//*********************************************************************************************************************//*********************************************************************************************************************//*如果自写系统时钟中断处理函数，需要在stml1xx_it.c中注释掉一下函数*//*** @brief This function handles System tick timer.*/#if 1void SysTick_Handler(void){  /* USER CODE BEGIN SysTick_IRQn 0 */  /* USER CODE END SysTick_IRQn 0 */  HAL_IncTick();  HAL_SYSTICK_IRQHandler();  /* USER CODE BEGIN SysTick_IRQn 1 */  /* USER CODE END SysTick_IRQn 1 */}#endif