Hadoop 2.7集群安装指南

Hadoop 2.7集群安装

安装环境是centOS环境。有三个下面的主机：

balance01     hadoop_masterbalance02     node02 balance03     node03

配置Linux安装账号

三步创建一个用户，使他有与root一样的权限。

1) 用root下，创建一个用户“app” 组 

[root@daddylinux~]#groupadd app  

2) 创建APP并添加到app组

[root@daddylinux~]#useradd app –g app   [root@daddylinux~]#passwd app    

3) 限定app使用root特权，如下所示，编辑visudo文件。

[root@daddylinux~]# visudo    # 在最后一行，添加下列信息。  app         ALL=(ALL)       ALL

退出并保存。

安装必要的依赖库

在目标集群的机器上执行下面shell脚本：

sudo yum -y install  lzo-devel  zlib-devel  gcc autoconf automake libtool cmake  openssl-devel  

安装protobuf-java

下载最新版的protobuf java版本2.5.0:

$curl -ihttps://github-cloud.s3.amazonaws.com/releases/23357588/09f5cfca-d24e-11e4-9840-20d894b9ee09.gz?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=AKIAISTNZFOVBIJMK3TQ%2F20161021%2Fus-east-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20161021T025702Z&X-Amz-Expires=300&X-Amz-Signature=a7df369f2f7b389193306c85f4d5aba58a6cc2bf7778da54f59658af6bc27b00&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&actor_id=0&response-content-disposition=attachment%3B%20filename%3Dprotobuf-2.5.0.tar.gz&response-content-type=application%2Foctet-stream $ tar xvf protobuf-2.5.0.tar.gz $ cd protobuf-2.5.0##安装$./configure && make && make install

安装maven

下载最新的maven包，现在最新的是apache-maven-3.3.9-bin.tar。解压做到指定的目录下。下面是具体的执行命令：

$ ls   apache-maven-3.3.9-bin.tar.gz $pwd/opt/h2$ tar xvf apache-maven-3.3.9-bin.tar.gz $ mv apache-maven-3.3.9 maven  

配置mvn

$sudo vi /etc/profile  export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_77export M2HOME=/opt/h2/maven export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$M2HOME/bin:$PATH #保存并退出$source /etc/profile $mvn -version     $mvn -versioin   Apache Maven 3.3.9 (bb52d8502b132ec0a5a3f4c09453c07478323dc5;  2015-11-11T00:41:47+08:00) Maven home: /opt/h2/maven  Java version: 1.8.0_77, vendor: Oracle Corporation Java home: /usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_77/jre   Default locale: en_US, platform encoding: UTF-8  OS name: "linux", version: "2.6.32-279.el6.x86_64", arch: "amd64", family: "unix" 

编译Hadoop源码

下载最新的稳定版本hadoop源码（现在最新是hadoop-2.7.3-src.tar.gz）。

$tar –xvf hadoop-2.7.3-src.tar.gz $mv hadoop-2.7.3 hadoop $cd hadoop $mvn clean package -Pdist,native -DskipTests -Dtar 

编译成功后，可以看到上面的信息。

Hadoop-dist/target/hadoop-2.7.3.tar.gz

为需要的编译文件。解压缩到/opt/h2目录下。 

修改hostname

修改hostname只需要两个步骤：

### 显示hostname #$ hostname localhost.localdomain ### 修改hostname  #hostname balance02  #vi /etc/sysconfig/network NETWORKING=yes HOSTNAME=balance02 ###保存并退出即可  

安装上面步骤设置balance01，balance02, balance03主机。最后，修改每台机器的hosts文件，添加下面内容： 

192.168.234.155     balance03   node2   192.168.234.33      balance02   node1   192.168.234.154     balance01   hadoopmaster  

SSH设置

在每台机上运行： 

ssh-keygen -t rsa  

接着不断按Enter键，记住不能够设置密码。

cd ~/.ssh 

进入到.ssh 目录中，运行：

cp id_rsa.pub authorized_keys  

每个节点运行上面命令。 
然后，运行： 

#master machine  ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub node1   ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub node2     #slavemachine    <br>ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub Hadoopmaster  

hadoopmaster能够直接通过ssh node1或者ssh node2登陆对应节点，表示配置成功了。 

配置Hadoop

设置haoop环境变量

确保已经安装了jvm1.8.0_77,没有安装，执行下面shell脚本。 

curl -L --cookie "oraclelicense=accept-securebackup-cookie" http://download.oracle.com/otn-pub/java/jdk/8u77-b03/jdk-8u77-linux-x64.tar.gz -o jdk-8-linux-x64.tar.gz tar -xvf jdk-8-linux-x64.tar.gz mkdir -p /usr/lib/jvm   mv ./jdk1.8.* /usr/lib/jvm/  update-alternatives --install "/usr/bin/java" "java" "/usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_77/bin/java" 1  update-alternatives --install "/usr/bin/javac" "javac" "/usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_77/bin/javac" 1 update-alternatives --install "/usr/bin/javaws" "javaws" "/usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_77/bin/javaws" 1 chmod a+x /usr/bin/java  chmod a+x /usr/bin/javac  chmod a+x /usr/bin/javaws rm jdk-8-linux-x64.tar.gz java –version  <br>

配置环境变量 
$vi ~/.bashrc 

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_77  export HADOOP_INSTALL=/opt/h2  export PATH=$PATH:$HADOOP_INSTALL/bin  export PATH=$PATH:$HADOOP_INSTALL/sbin    export HADOOP_MAPRED_HOME=$HADOOP_INSTALL    export HADOOP_COMMON_HOME=$HADOOP_INSTALL   export HADOOP_HDFS_HOME=$HADOOP_INSTALL      export HADOOP_CONF_DIR=$HADOOP_INSTALL/etc/hadoop  export YARN_HOME=$HADOOP_INSTALL    

$source ~/.bashrc 

Hadoop-env.sh

修改hadoop-env.sh，添加配置Namenode使用parallelGC： 

export HADOOP_NAMENODE_OPTS="-XX:+UseParallelGC" 

core-site.xml

#修改为： fs.defaultFS hdfs://hadoopmaster:9000 NameNode URI

hdfs-site.xml

<configuration>    <property>        <name>dfs.permissions.enabled</name>        <value>false</value>    </property>    <property>        <name>dfs.replication</name>         <value>2</value>  </property>  <property>   <name>dfs.namenode.name.dir</name>    <value>/opt/h2/hdfs/namenode</value>  </property>  <property>     <name>dfs.datanode.data.dir</name>      <value>/opt/h2/hdfs/datanode</value>  </property></configuration>

mapred-site.xml

<configuration><property>    <name>mapreduce.framework.name</name>    <value>yarn</value>    <description>Execution framework.</description></property><property>    <name>mapreduce.jobtracker.address</name>    <value>hadoopmaster:9001</value></property></configuration>

yarn-site.xml

<configuration><!-- Site specific YARN configuration properties --><property>          <name>yarn.resourcemanager.hostname</name>          <value>hadoop_master</value></property><property>        <name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services.mapreduce_shuffle.class</name>        <value>org.apache.hadoop.mapred.ShuffleHandler</value></property><property>        <name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>        <value>mapreduce_shuffle</value></property><property>        <name>yarn.resourcemanager.address</name>        <value>hadoopmaster:8032</value></property><property>        <name>yarn.resourcemanager.scheduler.address</name>        <value>hadoopmaster:8030</value></property><property>        <name>yarn.resourcemanager.resource-tracker.address</name>        <value>hadoopmaster:8031</value></property><property>    <name>yarn.nodemanager.vmem-pmem-ratio</name>    <value>3</value></property></configuration>

masters slaves

添加masters slaves文件的ip地址。 
mastes文件:

hadoopmaster

slaves文件：

node1node2

验证是否安装成功

启动fds

运行start-dfs.sh命令启动fds。成功启动后，可以使用下面命令验证是否成功。

[app@balance01 h2]$ hdfs dfs -mkdir /tmp[app@balance01 h2]$ hdfs dfs -put NOTICE.txt /tmp/[app@balance01 h2]$ hdfs dfs -ls /tmpFound 1 items-rw-r--r--   2 app supergroup      14978 2016-10-24 11:27 /tmp/NOTICE.txt

启动yarn

运行start-yarn.sh命令启动yarn。成功启动后，可以使用下面命令验证是否成功。

hadoop jar share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-examples-2.7.3.jar  pi 2 5……Job Finished in 28.235 secondsEstimated value of Pi is 3.60000000000000000000

浏览WEB UI

NameNode的管理界面： http://｛hadoopmaster｝:8088/cluster

MapReduce JobHistory 的浏览界面：

http://｛jms_address｝:8088/cluster

必须启动JobHistory的进程，

mr-jobhistory-daemon.sh start historyserver

MapReduce 管理页面：

http://｛hadoopmaster｝:8088/cluster

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