二级缓存加载图片实现照片墙功能

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实现二级缓存加载图片的功能,在使用DiskLruCache时,需先在工程中添加名为libcore.io的包,并将DiskLruCache.java文件放进去。DiskLruCache直接百度下载即可。

在GridView的适配器中,为ImageView添加图片时,先从内存缓存中加载,内存中无缓存的话则在磁盘缓存中加载,磁盘缓存也没有的话开启线程下载,然后将下载的图片缓存到磁盘,内存中。下载的图片最好先进行压缩,文章最后给出了压缩代码,但本例中并未实现压缩。

/*二级缓存实现图片墙功能,先在内存中加载缓存,内存中无缓存的话到磁盘缓存中加载,仍然没有的话开启线程下载图片,下载后缓存到磁盘中,然后缓存到内存中*/public class ErJiHuanCun extends ArrayAdapter<String> {    /**     * 记录所有正在下载或等待下载的任务。     */    private Set<BitmapWorkerTask> taskCollection;    /**     * 图片缓存技术的核心类,用于缓存所有下载好的图片,在程序内存达到设定值时会将最少最近使用的图片移除掉。     */    private LruCache<String, Bitmap> mMemoryCache;    /**     * 图片硬盘缓存核心类。     */    private DiskLruCache mDiskLruCache;    /**     * GridView的实例     */    private GridView mPhotoWall;    /**     * 记录每个子项的高度。     */    private int mItemHeight = 0;    public ErJiHuanCun(Context context, int textViewResourceId, String[] objects,            GridView photoWall) {        super(context, textViewResourceId, objects);        mPhotoWall = photoWall;        taskCollection = new HashSet<BitmapWorkerTask>();        // 获取应用程序最大可用内存        int maxMemory = (int) Runtime.getRuntime().maxMemory();        int cacheSize = maxMemory / 8;        // 设置图片缓存大小为程序最大可用内存的1/8        mMemoryCache = new LruCache<String, Bitmap>(cacheSize) {            @Override            protected int sizeOf(String key, Bitmap bitmap) {                return bitmap.getByteCount();            }        };        try {            // 获取图片缓存路径            File cacheDir = getDiskCacheDir(context, "thumb");            if (!cacheDir.exists()) {                cacheDir.mkdirs();            }            // 创建DiskLruCache实例,初始化缓存数据            mDiskLruCache = DiskLruCache                    .open(cacheDir, getAppVersion(context), 1, 10 * 1024 * 1024);        } catch (IOException e) {            e.printStackTrace();        }    }    @Override    public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {        final String url = getItem(position);        View view;        if (convertView == null) {            view = LayoutInflater.from(getContext()).inflate(R.layout.photo_layout, null);        } else {            view = convertView;        }        final ImageView imageView = (ImageView) view.findViewById(R.id.photo);        if (imageView.getLayoutParams().height != mItemHeight) {            imageView.getLayoutParams().height = mItemHeight;        }        // 给ImageView设置一个Tag,保证异步加载图片时不会乱序        imageView.setTag(url);          imageView.setImageResource(R.drawable.ic_launcher);        loadBitmaps(imageView, url);        return view;    }    /**     * 将一张图片存储到LruCache中。     *      * @param key     *            LruCache的键,这里传入图片的URL地址。     * @param bitmap     *            LruCache的键,这里传入从网络上下载的Bitmap对象。     */    public void addBitmapToMemoryCache(String key, Bitmap bitmap) {        if (getBitmapFromMemoryCache(key) == null) {            mMemoryCache.put(key, bitmap);        }    }    /**     * 从LruCache中获取一张图片,如果不存在就返回null。     *      * @param key     *            LruCache的键,这里传入图片的URL地址。     * @return 对应传入键的Bitmap对象,或者null。     */    public Bitmap getBitmapFromMemoryCache(String key) {        return mMemoryCache.get(key);    }    /**     * 加载Bitmap对象。此方法会在LruCache中检查所有屏幕中可见的ImageView的Bitmap对象,     * 如果发现任何一个ImageView的Bitmap对象不在缓存中,就会开启异步线程去下载图片。     */    public void loadBitmaps(ImageView imageView, String imageUrl) {        try {            Bitmap bitmap = getBitmapFromMemoryCache(imageUrl);            if (bitmap == null) {                BitmapWorkerTask task = new BitmapWorkerTask();                taskCollection.add(task);                task.execute(imageUrl);            } else {                if (imageView != null && bitmap != null) {                    imageView.setImageBitmap(bitmap);                }            }        } catch (Exception e) {            e.printStackTrace();        }    }    /**     * 取消所有正在下载或等待下载的任务。     */    public void cancelAllTasks() {        if (taskCollection != null) {            for (BitmapWorkerTask task : taskCollection) {                task.cancel(false);            }        }    }    /**     * 根据传入的uniqueName获取硬盘缓存的路径地址。     */    public File getDiskCacheDir(Context context, String uniqueName) {        String cachePath;        if (Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED.equals(Environment.getExternalStorageState())                || !Environment.isExternalStorageRemovable()) {            cachePath = context.getExternalCacheDir().getPath();        } else {            cachePath = context.getCacheDir().getPath();        }        return new File(cachePath + File.separator + uniqueName);    }    /**     * 获取当前应用程序的版本号。     */    public int getAppVersion(Context context) {        try {            PackageInfo info = context.getPackageManager().getPackageInfo(context.getPackageName(),                    0);            return info.versionCode;        } catch (NameNotFoundException e) {            e.printStackTrace();        }        return 1;    }    /**     * 设置item子项的高度。     */    public void setItemHeight(int height) {        if (height == mItemHeight) {            return;        }        mItemHeight = height;        notifyDataSetChanged();    }    /**     * 使用MD5算法对传入的key进行加密并返回。     */    public String hashKeyForDisk(String key) {        String cacheKey;        try {            final MessageDigest mDigest = MessageDigest.getInstance("MD5");            mDigest.update(key.getBytes());            cacheKey = bytesToHexString(mDigest.digest());        } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {            cacheKey = String.valueOf(key.hashCode());        }        return cacheKey;    }    /**     * 将缓存记录同步到journal文件中。     */    public void flushCache() {        if (mDiskLruCache != null) {            try {                mDiskLruCache.flush();            } catch (IOException e) {                e.printStackTrace();            }        }    }    private String bytesToHexString(byte[] bytes) {        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();        for (int i = 0; i < bytes.length; i++) {            String hex = Integer.toHexString(0xFF & bytes[i]);            if (hex.length() == 1) {                sb.append('0');            }            sb.append(hex);        }        return sb.toString();    }    /**     * 异步下载图片的任务。     *      *     */    class BitmapWorkerTask extends AsyncTask<String, Void, Bitmap> {        /**         * 图片的URL地址         */        private String imageUrl;        @Override        protected Bitmap doInBackground(String... params) {            imageUrl = params[0];            FileDescriptor fileDescriptor = null;            FileInputStream fileInputStream = null;            Snapshot snapShot = null;            try {                // 生成图片URL对应的key                final String key = hashKeyForDisk(imageUrl);                // 查找key对应的缓存                snapShot = mDiskLruCache.get(key);                if (snapShot == null) {                    // 如果没有找到对应的缓存,则准备从网络上请求数据,并写入缓存                    DiskLruCache.Editor editor = mDiskLruCache.edit(key);                    if (editor != null) {                        OutputStream outputStream = editor.newOutputStream(0);                        if (downloadUrlToStream(imageUrl, outputStream)) {                            editor.commit();                        } else {                            editor.abort();                        }                    }                    // 缓存被写入后,再次查找key对应的缓存                    snapShot = mDiskLruCache.get(key);                }                if (snapShot != null) {                    fileInputStream = (FileInputStream) snapShot.getInputStream(0);                    fileDescriptor = fileInputStream.getFD();                }                // 将缓存数据解析成Bitmap对象                Bitmap bitmap = null;                if (fileDescriptor != null) {                //  bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeFileDescriptor(fileDescriptor);                 WindowManager wm= (WindowManager)getContext().getSystemService(Context.WINDOW_SERVICE);                 int width=wm.getDefaultDisplay().getWidth();                 bitmap= ImageResizer.decodeSampleBithmapFromFileDescriptor(fileDescriptor,width/3,width/3);                }                if (bitmap != null) {                    // 将Bitmap对象添加到内存缓存当中                        addBitmapToMemoryCache(params[0], bitmap);                }                return bitmap;            } catch (IOException e) {                e.printStackTrace();            } finally {                if (fileDescriptor == null && fileInputStream != null) {                    try {                        fileInputStream.close();                    } catch (IOException e) {                    }                }            }            return null;        }        @Override        protected void onPostExecute(Bitmap bitmap) {            super.onPostExecute(bitmap);            // 根据Tag找到相应的ImageView控件,将下载好的图片显示出来。            ImageView imageView = (ImageView) mPhotoWall.findViewWithTag(imageUrl);            if (imageView != null && bitmap != null) {                imageView.setImageBitmap(bitmap);            }            taskCollection.remove(this);        }        /**         * 建立HTTP请求,并获取Bitmap对象。         *          * @param imageUrl         *            图片的URL地址         * @return 解析后的Bitmap对象         */        private boolean downloadUrlToStream(String urlString, OutputStream outputStream) {            HttpURLConnection urlConnection = null;            BufferedOutputStream out = null;            BufferedInputStream in = null;            try {                final URL url = new URL(urlString);                urlConnection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();                in = new BufferedInputStream(urlConnection.getInputStream(), 8 * 1024);                out = new BufferedOutputStream(outputStream, 8 * 1024);                int b;                while ((b = in.read()) != -1) {                    out.write(b);                }                return true;            } catch (final IOException e) {                e.printStackTrace();            } finally {                if (urlConnection != null) {                    urlConnection.disconnect();                }                try {                    if (out != null) {                        out.close();                    }                    if (in != null) {                        in.close();                    }                } catch (final IOException e) {                    e.printStackTrace();                }            }            return false;        }    }}

MainActivity

/** * 照片墙主活动,使用GridView展示照片墙。 *  *  */public class MainActivity extends Activity {    /**     * 用于展示照片墙的GridView     */    private GridView mPhotoWall;    /**     * GridView的适配器     */    private ErJiHuanCun mAdapter;    private int mImageThumbSize;    private int mImageThumbSpacing;    @Override    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);        //mImageThumbSize = getResources().getDimensionPixelSize(    //          R.dimen.image_thumbnail_size);        //mImageThumbSpacing = getResources().getDimensionPixelSize(    //          R.dimen.image_thumbnail_spacing);        mPhotoWall = (GridView) findViewById(R.id.photo_wall);        mAdapter = new ErJiHuanCun(this, 0, Images.imageThumbUrls,                mPhotoWall);        mPhotoWall.setAdapter(mAdapter);/*      mPhotoWall.getViewTreeObserver().addOnGlobalLayoutListener(                new ViewTreeObserver.OnGlobalLayoutListener() {                    @Override                    public void onGlobalLayout() {                        final int numColumns = (int) Math.floor(mPhotoWall                                .getWidth()                                / (mImageThumbSize + mImageThumbSpacing));                        if (numColumns > 0) {                            int columnWidth = (mPhotoWall.getWidth() / numColumns)                                    - mImageThumbSpacing;                            mAdapter.setItemHeight(columnWidth);                            mPhotoWall.getViewTreeObserver()                                    .removeGlobalOnLayoutListener(this);                        }                    }                });*/    }    @Override    protected void onPause() {        super.onPause();        //将缓存记录同步到journal文件中        mAdapter.flushCache();    }    @Override    protected void onDestroy() {        super.onDestroy();        // // 退出程序时结束所有的下载任务        mAdapter.cancelAllTasks();    }}
/** * 自定义正方形的ImageView *  */public class MyImageView extends ImageView {    public MyImageView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr) {        super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr);        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub    }    public MyImageView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {        super(context, attrs);        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub    }    public MyImageView(Context context) {        super(context);        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub    }   @Overrideprotected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {    // TODO Auto-generated method stub       //将高度信息改成宽度即可    super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, widthMeasureSpec);}}

主Activity的layout

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"    android:layout_width="match_parent"    android:layout_height="match_parent"    android:orientation="vertical"    android:padding="5dp"  ><GridView    android:id="@+id/photo_wall"    android:layout_width="match_parent"    android:layout_height="match_parent"    android:gravity="center"    android:horizontalSpacing="5dp"    android:verticalSpacing="5dp"    android:numColumns="3"    android:stretchMode="columnWidth"    /></LinearLayout>

GridView中的Item ImageView

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    android:layout_width="match_parent"    android:layout_height="match_parent"    android:orientation="vertical" ><com.example.imageloader.MyImageView    android:layout_width="match_parent"    android:layout_height="0dp"     android:id="@+id/photo"    /></LinearLayout>

图片压缩实现

public class ImageResizer {  private static final String TAG="ImageResizer";  public static Bitmap decodeSampledBitmapFromResource(Resources res,          int resId,int reqWidth,int reqHeight){      final BitmapFactory.Options options=new BitmapFactory.Options();      options.inJustDecodeBounds=true;      BitmapFactory.decodeResource(res,resId,options);      options.inSampleSize=calculateInSampleSize(options,reqWidth,reqHeight);      options.inJustDecodeBounds=false;      return BitmapFactory.decodeResource(res, resId, options);  }  public static Bitmap decodeSampleBithmapFromFileDescriptor(FileDescriptor fd,          int reqWidth,int reqHeight){      final BitmapFactory.Options options=new BitmapFactory.Options();      options.inJustDecodeBounds=true;      BitmapFactory.decodeFileDescriptor(fd, null,options);      options.inSampleSize=calculateInSampleSize(options,reqWidth,reqHeight);      options.inJustDecodeBounds=false;      return BitmapFactory.decodeFileDescriptor(fd, null,options);  }  public static int calculateInSampleSize(BitmapFactory.Options options,          int reqWidth,int reqHeight){      if(reqWidth==0||reqHeight==0)          return 1;      final int width=options.outWidth;      final int height=options.outHeight;      int inSampleSize=1;      if(height>reqHeight||width>reqWidth   ){          final int halfHeight=height/2;          final int halfWidth=width/2;          //尽最大限度的压缩图片,不能让图片的宽高比ImageView的宽高小,否则在将          //图片显示到ImageView时,图片会放大导致图片失真      while(halfHeight/inSampleSize>reqHeight&&halfWidth/inSampleSize>reqWidth){           inSampleSize*=2;        }      }      return inSampleSize;  }}
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