Parcelable的那些坑(传自定义对象、List)

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Parcelable是安卓中的一个接口,用于实现序列化。同Serializable一样。
二者的区别:Parcelable效率要高于Serializable。主要用在内存中实现序列化。在安卓中推荐使用Parcelable。但是实现起来要稍微麻烦些。
Serializable主要用于在存储设备中实现序列化。实现起来比较简单。

1.Parcelable使用方法:
自定义类实现Parcelable接口,并重写以下方法:

public class Book implements Parcelable {    public String bookName;    public int bookId;    public boolean isColorBook;    public Book() {    }    public Book(String bookName, int bookId, boolean isColorBook) {        super();        this.bookName = bookName;        this.bookId = bookId;        this.isColorBook = isColorBook;    }        //反序列化方法      private Book(Parcel p) {        bookId = p.readInt();        bookName = p.readString();        isColorBook = p.readInt() == 1;    }    @Override    public int describeContents() {        //固定写法 返回0        return 0;    }    @Override    public void writeToParcel(Parcel dest, int flags) {        // 序列化方法        dest.writeString(bookName);        dest.writeInt(bookId);        dest.writeInt(isColorBook ? 1 : 0);// 未提供writeBoolean方法 1为true 0为false    }    public static final Creator<Book> CREATOR = new Creator<Book>() {        @Override        public Book createFromParcel(Parcel source) {            // TODO Auto-generated method stub            return new Book(source);        }        @Override        public Book[] newArray(int size) {            // TODO Auto-generated method stub            return new Book[size];        }    };    }

这样就完成序列化操作了。Parcelable接口中未提供boolean的序列化方法,所以使用int来代替boolean。1为true,0为false


如果当前类中包含有其他自定义的类,怎么传呢。首先要确保自定义的类实现了可序列化的接口。接下来就是在可序列话方法中稍微修改下就可以了:

public class AllBook implements Parcelable {    private String bookName;    // 自定义类Book 实现了Pracelable接口    private Book book;    public AllBook() {    }    public AllBook(Parcel p) {        // 序列化自定义对象 需要传入上下文类加载器        book = p.readParcelable(Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader());        bookName = p.readString();    }    public AllBook(String bookName, int bookId, boolean isColor, Book books) {        super();        this.bookName = bookName;        this.book = books;    }    public String getBookName() {        return bookName;    }    public void setBookName(String bookName) {        this.bookName = bookName;    }    public int describeContents() {        // TODO Auto-generated method stub        return 0;    }    @Override    public void writeToParcel(Parcel out, int flags) {        // TODO Auto-generated method stub        out.writeString(bookName);        // 序列化自定义类对象 第二个参数绝大多数情况下传0即可        out.writeParcelable(book, 0);    }    public static final Creator<AllBook> CREATOR = new Creator<AllBook>() {        @Override        public AllBook createFromParcel(Parcel source) {            // TODO Auto-generated method stub            return new AllBook(source);        }        @Override        public AllBook[] newArray(int size) {            // TODO Auto-generated method stub            return new AllBook[size];        }    };}

如果要传自定义集合,同样也要要保证集合中的类已经实现了序列化接口。
代码如下:

public class MyBook implements Parcelable {    private String bookName;    private int bookId;    private boolean isColor;    //自定义集合 Book实现了Parcelable接口    private ArrayList<Book> books;    public MyBook() {    }    public MyBook(Parcel p) {        bookName = p.readString();        bookId = p.readInt();        isColor = p.readInt() == 1;        // 用这种方法会报错。        // books=p.readArrayList(Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader());        // 传递自定义List 只能用以下方法        books= in.createTypedArrayList(Book.CREATOR);    }    public MyBook(String bookName, int bookId, boolean isColor,            ArrayList<Book> books) {        super();        this.bookName = bookName;        this.bookId = bookId;        this.isColor = isColor;        this.books = books;    }    public String getBookName() {        return bookName;    }    public void setBookName(String bookName) {        this.bookName = bookName;    }    public int getBookId() {        return bookId;    }    public void setBookId(int bookId) {        this.bookId = bookId;    }    public boolean isColor() {        return isColor;    }    public void setColor(boolean isColor) {        this.isColor = isColor;    }    public ArrayList<Book> getBooks() {        return books;    }    public void setBooks(ArrayList<Book> books) {        this.books = books;    }    @Override    public int describeContents() {        return 0;    }    @Override    public void writeToParcel(Parcel out, int flags) {    //序列化集合        out.writeTypedList(books);        out.writeInt(isColor ? 1 : 0);        out.writeInt(bookId);        out.writeString(bookName);    }    public static final Creator<MyBook> CREATOR = new Creator<MyBook>() {        @Override        public MyBook createFromParcel(Parcel source) {            return new MyBook(source);        }        @Override        public MyBook[] newArray(int size) {            return new MyBook[size];        }    };    @Override    public String toString() {        return "MyBook [bookName=" + bookName + ", bookId=" + bookId                + ", isColor=" + isColor + "]";    }

也就是说序列化自定义List的方法为:

out.writeTypedList(list);

反序列化的方法为:

list = in.createTypedArrayList(Entity.CREATOR);

这里保证对象实现了Parcelable接口,传集合内对象的CREATOR

这样就可以传自定义List集合了。

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