iOS - UIApprearance

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一、简介

iOS5及其以后提供了一个比较强大的工具UIAppearance,我们通过UIAppearance设置一些UI的全局效果,这样就可以很方便的实现UI的自定义效果又能最简单的实现统一界面风格,它提供如下两个方法。

+ (id)appearance

这个方法是统一全部改,比如你设置UINavBar的tintColor,你可以这样写:[[UINavigationBar appearance] setTintColor:myColor];

+ (id)appearanceWhenContainedIn:(Class <>)ContainerClass,...

这个方法可设置某个类的改变:例如:设置UIBarButtonItem 在UINavigationBar、UIPopoverController、UITabbar中的效果。就可以这样写
[[UIBarButtonItem appearanceWhenContainedIn:[UINavigationBar class], [UIPopoverController class],[UITabbar class] nil] setTintColor:myPopoverNavBarColor];

请注意*使用appearance设置UI效果最好采用全局的设置,在所有界面初始化前开始设置,否则可能失效。

二、用法

1.修改导航栏背景

代码如下:

    UINavigationBar * appearance = [UINavigationBar appearance];    UIImage *navBackgroundImg =[UIImage imageNamed:@"navBg.png”];    [appearance setBackgroundImage:navBackgroundImgforBarMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];

2.标签栏(UITabbar)

代码如下:

    UITabBar *appearance = [UITabBar appearance];    //设置背景图片    [appearance setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"tabbar_bg.png"]];    //门置选择item的背景图片    UIImage * selectionIndicatorImage =[[UIImageimageNamed:@"tabbar_slider"]resizableImageWithCapInsets:UIEdgeInsetsMake(4, 0, 0,0)] ;    [appearance setSelectionIndicatorImage:selectionIndicatorImage];

3.分段控件(UISegmentControl)

代码如下:

    UISegmentedControl *appearance = [UISegmentedControl appearance];    //Segmenteg正常背景    [appearance setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"Segmente.png"]                          forState:UIControlStateNormal                        barMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];    //Segmente选中背景    [appearance setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"Segmente_a.png"]                          forState:UIControlStateSelected                        barMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];    //Segmente左右都未选中时的分割线    //BarMetrics表示navigation bar的状态,UIBarMetricsDefault 表示portrait状态(44pixel height),UIBarMetricsLandscapePhone 表示landscape状态(32pixel height)    [appearance setDividerImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"Segmente_line.png"]            forLeftSegmentState:UIControlStateNormal              rightSegmentState:UIControlStateNormal                     barMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];    [appearance setDividerImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"Segmente_line.png"]            forLeftSegmentState:UIControlStateSelected              rightSegmentState:UIControlStateNormal                     barMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];    [appearance setDividerImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"Segmente_line.png"]            forLeftSegmentState:UIControlStateNormal              rightSegmentState:UIControlStateSelected                     barMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];    //字体    NSDictionary *textAttributes1 = @{UITextAttributeFont: [UIFont systemFontOfSize:18],                                     UITextAttributeTextColor: [UIColor blueColor],                                     UITextAttributeTextShadowColor: [UIColor whiteColor],                                     UITextAttributeTextShadowOffset: [NSValuevalueWithCGSize:CGSizeMake(1, 1)]};    [appearance setTitleTextAttributes:textAttributes1 forState:1];    NSDictionary *textAttributes2 = @{UITextAttributeFont: [UIFont systemFontOfSize:18],                                     UITextAttributeTextColor: [UIColor whiteColor],                                     UITextAttributeTextShadowColor: [UIColor blackColor],                                     UITextAttributeTextShadowOffset: [NSValuevalueWithCGSize:CGSizeMake(1, 1)]};    [appearance setTitleTextAttributes:textAttributes2 forState:0];

4.UIBarbutton

注意:UIBarbutton有leftBarButton,rightBarButton和backBarButton,其中backBarButton由于带有箭头,需要单独设置。
barButton背景设置是ios6.0及以后的,而backbutton是ios5.0及以后的,这里要注意!
代码如下:

    //修改导航条上的UIBarButtonItem    UIBarButtonItem *appearance = [UIBarButtonItem appearanceWhenContainedIn:[UINavigationBar class], nil];    //设置导航栏的字体包括backBarButton和leftBarButton,rightBarButton的字体    NSDictionary *textAttributes = @{UITextAttributeFont: [UIFont systemFontOfSize:18],                                     UITextAttributeTextColor: [UIColorblueColor],                                     UITextAttributeTextShadowColor: [UIColorwhiteColor],                                     UITextAttributeTextShadowOffset: [NSValuevalueWithCGSize:CGSizeMake(1, 1)]};    [appearance setTitleTextAttributes:textAttributes forState:1];//forState为0时为下正常状态,为1时为点击状态。    //修改leftBarButton,rightBarButton背景效果    [appearance setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"navBarButton.png"]                          forState:UIControlStateNormal                             style:UIBarButtonItemStyleBordered                        barMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];    [appearance setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"navBarButton_a.png"]                          forState:UIControlStateHighlighted                             style:UIBarButtonItemStyleBordered                        barMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];    //backBarButton需要单独设置背景效果。只能在ios6.0以后才能用    [appearance setBackButtonBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"nav_bg.png"]                                    forState:0                                  barMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];    [appearance setBackButtonBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"work.png"]                                    forState:1                                  barMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];    [appearance setBackButtonTitlePositionAdjustment:UIOffsetMake(2, -1)                                       forBarMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];

5.工具栏(UIToolbar)

   UIToolbar *appearance = [UIToolbar appearance];    //样式和背景二选一即可,看需求了    //样式(黑色半透明,不透明等)设置    [appearance setBarStyle:UIBarStyleBlackTranslucent];    //背景设置    [appearance setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"toolbarBg.png"]                forToolbarPosition:UIToolbarPositionAny                        barMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];
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