django 快速实现完整登录系统

来源：互联网发布：unity3d 地图制作编辑：程序博客网时间：2024/06/08 18:54

本操作的环境：

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Windows 7 64

python3.5

Django 1.10

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创建项目与应用：

#创建项目

django-admin.py startproject mysite5cd mysite5#在项目下创建一个online应用python manage.py3.5 startapp online

目录结构如下：

打开mysite5/mysite5/settings.py文件，将应用添加进去：

# Application definitionINSTALLED_APPS = (    'django.contrib.admin',    'django.contrib.auth',    'django.contrib.contenttypes',    'django.contrib.sessions',    'django.contrib.messages',    'django.contrib.staticfiles',    'online',)

设计数据库：

打开mysite5/online/models.py文件，添加如下内容:

from django.db import models# Create your models here.class User(models.Model):    username = models.CharField(max_length=50)    password = models.CharField(max_length=50)    def __unicode__(self):        return self.username

创建数据库，创建User表，用户名和密码两个字段。

下面进行数据库的同步：

注：在Django1.9之前，数据库同步只需要一条命令，那就是python3.5 manage.py syncdb。

Django1.9之后需要以下命令：

C:\Users\Administrator\PycharmProjects\mysite5> python3.5 manage.py makemigrations #为这些修改创建迁移文件C:\Users\Administrator\PycharmProjects\mysite5> python3.5 manage.py migrate #将这些改变更新到数据库中

C:\Users\Administrator\PycharmProjects\mysite5> python3.5  manage.py createsuperuser#创建管理员账户，不是必须

Username (leave blank to use 'fnngj'):     用户名（默认当前系统用户名）Email address: fnngj@126.com     邮箱地址Password:    密码Password (again):    确认密码Superuser created successfully.Installing custom SQL ...Installing indexes ...Installed 0 object(s) from 0 fixture(s)

后生成的 online_user 表就是我们models.py 中所创建的User类。

配置URL

打开mysite5/mysite5/urls.py

from django.conf.urls import url,includefrom django.contrib import adminfrom online import viewsurlpatterns = [    # Examples:    # url(r'^$', 'mysite5.views.home', name='home'),    url(r'^admin/', include(admin.site.urls)),    url(r'^online/', include('online.urls')),]

在mysite5/online/目录下创建urls.py文件：

from django.conf.urls import url,includefrom django.contrib import adminfrom online import viewsurlpatterns = [    url(r'^$', views.login, name='login'),    url(r'^login/$',views.login,name = 'login'),    url(r'^regist/$',views.regist,name = 'regist'),    url(r'^index/$',views.index,name = 'index'),    url(r'^logout/$',views.logout,name = 'logout'),]

创建视图

打开mysite5/online/views.py 文件：

from django.shortcuts import render# Create your views here.#coding=utf-8from django.shortcuts import render,render_to_responsefrom django.http import HttpResponse,HttpResponseRedirectfrom django.template import RequestContextfrom django import formsfrom online.models import  User#表单class UserForm(forms.Form):    username = forms.CharField(label='用户名',max_length=100)    password = forms.CharField(label='密码',widget=forms.PasswordInput())#注册def regist(req):    if req.method == 'POST':        uf = UserForm(req.POST)        if uf.is_valid():            #获得表单数据            username = uf.cleaned_data['username']            password = uf.cleaned_data['password']            #添加到数据库            User.objects.create(username= username,password=password)            return HttpResponse('regist success!!')    else:        uf = UserForm()    return render_to_response('regist.html',{'uf':uf}, )#登陆def login(req):    if req.method == 'POST':        uf = UserForm(req.POST)        if uf.is_valid():            #获取表单用户密码            username = uf.cleaned_data['username']            password = uf.cleaned_data['password']            #获取的表单数据与数据库进行比较            user = User.objects.filter(username__exact = username,password__exact = password)            if user:                #比较成功，跳转index                response = HttpResponseRedirect('/online/index/')                #将username写入浏览器cookie,失效时间为3600                response.set_cookie('username',username,3600)                return response            else:                #比较失败，还在login                return HttpResponseRedirect('/online/login/')    else:        uf = UserForm()    return render_to_response('login.html',{'uf':uf},)#登陆成功def index(req):    username = req.COOKIES.get('username','')    return render_to_response('index.html' ,{'username':username})#退出def logout(req):    response = HttpResponse('logout !!')    #清理cookie里保存username    response.delete_cookie('username')    return response

这里实现了所有注册，登陆逻辑，中间用到cookie创建，读取，删除操作等。

创建模板

先在mysite5/online/目录下创建templates目录，接着在mysite5/online/templates/目录下创建regist.html 文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en"><head>    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />    <title>注册</title></head><body><h1>注册页面：</h1><form method = 'post' enctype="multipart/form-data">    {% csrf_token %}    {{uf.as_p}}    <input type="submit" value = "ok" /></form><br><a href="http://127.0.0.1:8000/online/login/">登陆</a></body></html>

mysite5/online/templates/目录下创建login.html 文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en"><head>    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />    <title>登陆</title></head><body><h1>登陆页面：</h1><form method = 'post' enctype="multipart/form-data">    {% csrf_token %}    {{uf.as_p}}    <input type="submit" value = "ok" /></form><br><a href="http://127.0.0.1:8000/online/regist/">注册</a></body></html>

mysite5/online/templates/目录下创建index.html 文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en"><head>    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />    <title></title></head><body><h1>welcome {{username}} !</h1><br><a href="http://127.0.0.1:8000/online/logout/">退出</a></body></html>

设置模板路径

打开mysite5/mysite5/settings.py文件，在底部添加：

STATICFILES_DIRS = (    os.path.join(BASE_DIR,'online/templates'),)

使用功能 :

注册成功，提示“regist success!!”

登陆

执行登陆操作，通过读取浏览器cookie 来获取用户名

登录成功

参考链接：http://www.cnblogs.com/fnng/p/3750596.html(虫师)

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