ORA-00245: 控制文件备份失败; 目标可能位于本地文件系统中

ORA-00245: 控制文件备份失败; 目标可能位于本地文件系统中




[oracle@gmjk-dsj27 ~]$ oerr ora 245
00245, 00000, "control file backup failed; target is likely on a local file system"
// *Cause:  Failed to create a control file backup because some process
//          signaled an error during backup creation. This is likely caused
//          by the backup target being on a local file system so it could not
//          be accessed by other instances. It can also be caused by other
//          I/O errors to the backup target. Any process of any instance that
//          starts a read/write control file transaction must have access
//          to the backup control file during backup creation.
// *Action: Check alert files of all instances for further information.


RMAN> show all;


using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
RMAN configuration parameters for database with db_unique_name GMZX are:
CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 1; # default
CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION OFF; # default
CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO DISK; # default
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '%F'; # default
CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 1 BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET; # default
CONFIGURE DATAFILE BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default
CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT   '/u01/rmanbak/%d_%I_%s_%p_%T.bkp';
CONFIGURE MAXSETSIZE TO UNLIMITED; # default
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION FOR DATABASE OFF; # default
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION ALGORITHM 'AES128'; # default
CONFIGURE COMPRESSION ALGORITHM 'BASIC' AS OF RELEASE 'DEFAULT' OPTIMIZE FOR LOAD TRUE ; # default
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG DELETION POLICY TO NONE; # default
CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/snapcf_gmzx2.f'; # default






以下根据metalink的相关文档整理
ORA-245: In RAC environment from 11.2 onwards Backup Or Snapshot controlfile needs to be in shared location (文档 ID 1472171.1)


错误原因：
Oracle Database - Enterprise Edition - Version 11.2.0.1.0 and later
Information in this document applies to any platform.
This issue is only applicable to RAC database.
该问题会出现在11.2.0.1.0及之后的RAC环境中。


From 11gR2 onwards, the controlfile backup happens without holding the controlfile enqueue. For non-RAC database, 
this doesn't change anything. But for RAC database, due to the changes made to the controlfile backup mechanism in 11gR2, 
any instance in the cluster may write to the snapshot controlfile. Due to this snapshot controlfile need to be visible to all instances. 


11gR2之后，备份控制文件无需锁定controlfile enqueue。
在非Rac中，没有任何改变。但是，在rac环境中，由于11gR2的控制文件备份原理发生了变化，集群中的每个实例都要能够写到快照控制文件。所以，快照控制文件要对所有实例可见。


The snapshot controlfile MUST be accessible by all nodes of a RAC database, 
if the snapshot controlfile does not reside on a shared device error will be raised at the time of RMAN backup while taking snapshot of controlfile. 
在Rac中，所有节点都必须能够访问快照控制文件。如果快照控制文件没有放到共享设备上，当rman备份快照控制文件时，ORA-00245错误就会出现。


This applies to backing up controlfile using sqlplus / having autobackup of controlfile configured on nonshared location.


ORA-245 error message description
----------------------------------------
00245, 00000, "control file backup operation failed"
*Cause: Failed to create a control file backup because some process
signaled an error during backup creation.
*Action: Check alert files for further information. This usually happens
because some process could not access the backup file during
backup creation. Any process of any instance that starts a
read/write control file transaction must have an access to the
backup control file during backup creation.






RMAN> show all;


RMAN configuration parameters for database with db_unique_name GMZX are:
CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 1; # default
CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION OFF; # default
CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO DISK; # default
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '%F'; # default
CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 1 BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET; # default
CONFIGURE DATAFILE BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default
CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT   '/u01/rmanbak/%d_%I_%s_%p_%T.bkp';
CONFIGURE MAXSETSIZE TO UNLIMITED; # default
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION FOR DATABASE OFF; # default
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION ALGORITHM 'AES128'; # default
CONFIGURE COMPRESSION ALGORITHM 'BASIC' AS OF RELEASE 'DEFAULT' OPTIMIZE FOR LOAD TRUE ; # default
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG DELETION POLICY TO NONE; # default
CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO '+DATADG/gmzx/snapcf_gmzx2.f';