xcodebuild命令的使用

最近再看xcodebuild使用,毕竟个人感觉命令行的方式比在界面上来的快,这里记录了一下心得.
首先,终端输入 man xcodebuild
下面是man输出的文档,大致做了一下重点

xcodebuild – build Xcode projects and workspaces

SYNOPSIS

xcodebuild [-project name.xcodeproj] [[-target targetname] … | -alltargets] [-configuration configurationname] [-sdk [sdkfullpath | sdkname]] [action …] [buildsetting=value …] [-userdefault=value …]

xcodebuild [-project name.xcodeproj] -scheme schemename [[-destination destinationspecifier] …] [-destination-timeout value] [-configuration configurationname] [-sdk [sdkfullpath | sdkname]] [action …] [buildsetting=value …] [-userdefault=value …]

xcodebuild -workspace name.xcworkspace -scheme schemename [[-destination destinationspecifier] …] [-destination-timeout value] [-configuration configurationname] [-sdk [sdkfullpath | sdkname]] [action …] [buildsetting=value …] [-userdefault=value …]

[]代表可选参数,<>代表必填参数

• xcodebuild -version [-sdk [sdkfullpath | sdkname]] [infoitem]

• xcodebuild -showsdks

• xcodebuild -showBuildSettings [-project name.xcodeproj | [-workspace name.xcworkspace -scheme schemename]]

• xcodebuild -list [-project name.xcodeproj | -workspace name.xcworkspace]

• xcodebuild -exportArchive -archivePath xcarchivepath -exportPath destinationpath -exportOptionsPlist path

• xcodebuild -exportLocalizations -project name.xcodeproj -localizationPath path [[-exportLanguage language] …]
  xcodebuild -importLocalizations -project name.xcodeproj -localizationPath path

DESCRIPTION

xcodebuild builds one or more targets contained in an Xcode project, or builds a scheme contained in an Xcode
workspace or Xcode project.

Usage

To build an Xcode project, run xcodebuild from the directory containing your project (i.e. the directory containing the name.xcodeproj package). If you have multiple projects in the this directory you will need to use -project to
indicate which project should be built. By default, xcodebuild builds the first target listed in the project, with
the default build configuration. The order of the targets is a property of the project and is the same for all users
of the project.

To build an Xcode workspace, you must pass both the -workspace and -scheme options to define the build. The parame-
ters of the scheme will control which targets are built and how they are built, although you may pass other options
to xcodebuild to override some parameters of the scheme.

There are also several options that display info about the installed version of Xcode or about projects or workspaces in the local directory, but which do not initiate an action. These include -list, -showBuildSettings,
-showsdks, -usage, and -version.

Options

• -project name.xcodeproj

  • Build the project name.xcodeproj. Required if there are multiple project files in the same directory.

• -target targetname

  • Build the target specified by targetname.

• -alltargets

  • Build all the targets in the specified project.

• -workspace name.xcworkspace

  • Build the workspace name.xcworkspace.

• -scheme schemename

  • Build the scheme specified by schemename. Required if building a workspace.

• -destination destinationspecifier

  • Use the destination device described by destinationspecifier. Defaults to a destination that is compatible
    with the selected scheme. See the Destinations section below for more details.

• -destination-timeout timeout

  • Use the specified timeout when searching for a destination device. The default is 30 seconds.

• -configuration configurationname

  • Use the build configuration specified by configurationname when building each target.

• -arch architecture

  • Use the architecture specified by architecture when building each target.

• -sdk [sdkfullpath | sdkname]

  • Build an Xcode project or workspace against the specified SDK, using build tools appropriate for that SDK. The argument may be an absolute path to an SDK, or the canonical name of an SDK.

• -showsdks

  • Lists all available SDKs that Xcode knows about, including their canonical names suitable for use with -sdk. Does not initiate a build.

• -showBuildSettings

  • Lists the build settings in a project or workspace and scheme. Does not initiate a build. Use with -project or
    -workspace and -scheme.

• -list

  • Lists the targets and configurations in a project, or the schemes in a workspace. Does not initiate a build.
    Use with -project or -workspace.

• -enableAddressSanitizer [YES | NO]

  • Turns the address sanitizer on or off. This overrides the setting for the launch action of a scheme in a
    workspace.

• -enableThreadSanitizer [YES | NO]

  • Turns the thread sanitizer on or off. This overrides the setting for the launch action of a scheme in a
    workspace.

• -enableCodeCoverage [YES | NO]

  • Turns code coverage on or off during testing. This overrides the setting for the test action of a scheme in a
    workspace.

• -derivedDataPath path

  • Overrides the folder that should be used for derived data when performing an action on a scheme in a
    workspace.

• -resultBundlePath path

  • Writes a bundle to the specified path with results from performing an action on a scheme in a workspace.

• -exportArchive

  • Specifies that an archive should be exported. Requires -archivePath, -exportPath, and -exportOptionsPlist.
    Cannot be passed along with an action.

• -archivePath xcarchivepath

  • Specifies the path for the archive produced by the archive action, or specifies the archive that should be
    exported when -exportArchive is passed.

• -exportPath destinationpath

  • Specifies the destination for the exported product, including the name of the exported file.

• -exportOptionsPlist path

  • Specifies options for -exportArchive. xcodebuild -help can print the full set of available options.

• -exportLocalizations

  • Exports localizations to XLIFF files. Requires -project and -localizationPath. Cannot be passed along with an action.

• -importLocalizations

  • Imports localizations from an XLIFF file. Requires -project and -localizationPath. Cannot be passed along with an action.

• -localizationPath

  • Specifies a path to a directory or a single XLIFF localization file.

• -exportLanguage language

  • Specifies optional ISO 639-1 languages included in a localization export. May be repeated to specify multiple
    languages. May be excluded to specify an export includes only development language strings.

• action …

  • Specify one or more actions to perform. Available actions are:

• build

  • Build the target in the build root (SYMROOT). This is the default action, and is used if no action is given.

• build-for-testing

  • Build the target and associated tests in the build root (SYMROOT). This will also produce an xctestrun file in the build root. This requires specifying a scheme.

• analyze

  • Build and analyze a target or scheme from the build root (SYMROOT). This requires specifying a scheme.

• archive

  • Archive a scheme from the build root (SYMROOT). This requires specifying a scheme.

• test

  • Test a scheme from the build root (SYMROOT). This requires specifying a scheme and optionally a destination.

• test-without-building

  • Test compiled bundles. If a scheme is provided with -scheme then the command finds bun-
    dles in the build root (SRCROOT). If an xctestrun file is provided with -xctestrun
    then the command finds bundles at paths specified in the xctestrun file.

install-src Copy the source of the project to the source root (SRCROOT).

install Build the target and install it into the target’s installation directory in the distri-
bution root (DSTROOT).

clean Remove build products and intermediate files from the build root (SYMROOT).

-xcconfig filename
Load the build settings defined in filename when building all targets. These settings will override all other
settings, including settings passed individually on the command line.

-xctestrun xctestrunpath
Specifies test run parameters. Can only be used with the test-without-building action. Cannot be used with
-workspace or -project. See

xcodebuild – build Xcode projects and workspaces

SYNOPSIS

xcodebuild [-project name.xcodeproj] [[-target targetname] … | -alltargets] [-configuration configurationname] [-sdk [sdkfullpath | sdkname]] [action …] [buildsetting=value …] [-userdefault=value …]

xcodebuild [-project name.xcodeproj] -scheme schemename [[-destination destinationspecifier] …] [-destination-timeout value] [-configuration configurationname] [-sdk [sdkfullpath | sdkname]] [action …] [buildsetting=value …] [-userdefault=value …]

xcodebuild -workspace name.xcworkspace -scheme schemename [[-destination destinationspecifier] …] [-destination-timeout value] [-configuration configurationname] [-sdk [sdkfullpath | sdkname]] [action …] [buildsetting=value …] [-userdefault=value …]

[]代表可选参数,<>代表必填参数

• xcodebuild -version [-sdk [sdkfullpath | sdkname]] [infoitem]

• xcodebuild -showsdks

• xcodebuild -showBuildSettings [-project name.xcodeproj | [-workspace name.xcworkspace -scheme schemename]]

• xcodebuild -list [-project name.xcodeproj | -workspace name.xcworkspace]

• xcodebuild -exportArchive -archivePath xcarchivepath -exportPath destinationpath -exportOptionsPlist path

• xcodebuild -exportLocalizations -project name.xcodeproj -localizationPath path [[-exportLanguage language] …]
  xcodebuild -importLocalizations -project name.xcodeproj -localizationPath path

DESCRIPTION

xcodebuild builds one or more targets contained in an Xcode project, or builds a scheme contained in an Xcode
workspace or Xcode project.

Usage

To build an Xcode project, run xcodebuild from the directory containing your project (i.e. the directory containing the name.xcodeproj package). If you have multiple projects in the this directory you will need to use -project to
indicate which project should be built. By default, xcodebuild builds the first target listed in the project, with
the default build configuration. The order of the targets is a property of the project and is the same for all users
of the project.

To build an Xcode workspace, you must pass both the -workspace and -scheme options to define the build. The parame-
ters of the scheme will control which targets are built and how they are built, although you may pass other options
to xcodebuild to override some parameters of the scheme.

There are also several options that display info about the installed version of Xcode or about projects or workspaces in the local directory, but which do not initiate an action. These include -list, -showBuildSettings,
-showsdks, -usage, and -version.

Options

• -project name.xcodeproj

  • Build the project name.xcodeproj. Required if there are multiple project files in the same directory.

• -target targetname

  • Build the target specified by targetname.

• -alltargets

  • Build all the targets in the specified project.

• -workspace name.xcworkspace

  • Build the workspace name.xcworkspace.

• -scheme schemename

  • Build the scheme specified by schemename. Required if building a workspace.

• -destination destinationspecifier

  • Use the destination device described by destinationspecifier. Defaults to a destination that is compatible
    with the selected scheme. See the Destinations section below for more details.

• -destination-timeout timeout

  • Use the specified timeout when searching for a destination device. The default is 30 seconds.

• -configuration configurationname

  • Use the build configuration specified by configurationname when building each target.

• -arch architecture

  • Use the architecture specified by architecture when building each target.

• -sdk [sdkfullpath | sdkname]

  • Build an Xcode project or workspace against the specified SDK, using build tools appropriate for that SDK. The argument may be an absolute path to an SDK, or the canonical name of an SDK.

• -showsdks

  • Lists all available SDKs that Xcode knows about, including their canonical names suitable for use with -sdk. Does not initiate a build.

• -showBuildSettings

  • Lists the build settings in a project or workspace and scheme. Does not initiate a build. Use with -project or
    -workspace and -scheme.

• -list

  • Lists the targets and configurations in a project, or the schemes in a workspace. Does not initiate a build.
    Use with -project or -workspace.

• -enableAddressSanitizer [YES | NO]

  • Turns the address sanitizer on or off. This overrides the setting for the launch action of a scheme in a
    workspace.

• -enableThreadSanitizer [YES | NO]

  • Turns the thread sanitizer on or off. This overrides the setting for the launch action of a scheme in a
    workspace.

• -enableCodeCoverage [YES | NO]

  • Turns code coverage on or off during testing. This overrides the setting for the test action of a scheme in a
    workspace.

• -derivedDataPath path

  • Overrides the folder that should be used for derived data when performing an action on a scheme in a
    workspace.

• -resultBundlePath path

  • Writes a bundle to the specified path with results from performing an action on a scheme in a workspace.

• -exportArchive

  • Specifies that an archive should be exported. Requires -archivePath, -exportPath, and -exportOptionsPlist.
    Cannot be passed along with an action.

• -archivePath xcarchivepath

  • Specifies the path for the archive produced by the archive action, or specifies the archive that should be
    exported when -exportArchive is passed.

• -exportPath destinationpath

  • Specifies the destination for the exported product, including the name of the exported file.

• -exportOptionsPlist path

  • Specifies options for -exportArchive. xcodebuild -help can print the full set of available options.

• -exportLocalizations

  • Exports localizations to XLIFF files. Requires -project and -localizationPath. Cannot be passed along with an action.

• -importLocalizations

  • Imports localizations from an XLIFF file. Requires -project and -localizationPath. Cannot be passed along with an action.

• -localizationPath

  • Specifies a path to a directory or a single XLIFF localization file.

• -exportLanguage language

  • Specifies optional ISO 639-1 languages included in a localization export. May be repeated to specify multiple
    languages. May be excluded to specify an export includes only development language strings.

• action …

  • Specify one or more actions to perform. Available actions are:

• build

  • Build the target in the build root (SYMROOT). This is the default action, and is used if no action is given.

• build-for-testing

  • Build the target and associated tests in the build root (SYMROOT). This will also produce an xctestrun file in the build root. This requires specifying a scheme.

• analyze

  • Build and analyze a target or scheme from the build root (SYMROOT). This requires specifying a scheme.

• archive

  • Archive a scheme from the build root (SYMROOT). This requires specifying a scheme.

• test

  • Test a scheme from the build root (SYMROOT). This requires specifying a scheme and optionally a destination.

• test-without-building

  • Test compiled bundles. If a scheme is provided with -scheme then the command finds bun-
    dles in the build root (SRCROOT). If an xctestrun file is provided with -xctestrun
    then the command finds bundles at paths specified in the xctestrun file.

install-src Copy the source of the project to the source root (SRCROOT).

install Build the target and install it into the target’s installation directory in the distri-
bution root (DSTROOT).

clean Remove build products and intermediate files from the build root (SYMROOT).

-xcconfig filename
Load the build settings defined in filename when building all targets. These settings will override all other
settings, including settings passed individually on the command line.

-xctestrun xctestrunpath
Specifies test run parameters. Can only be used with the test-without-building action. Cannot be used with
-workspace or -project.
-skip-testing:test-identifier, -only-testing:test-identifier
Constrain test actions. -only-testing: constrains a test action to only testing a specified identifier, and
excluding all other identifiers. -skip-testing: constrains a test action to skip testing a specified identi-
fier, but including all other identifiers. Test identifiers have the form TestTarget[/TestClass[/TestMethod]].
An xcodebuild command can combine multiple constraint options, but -only-testing: has precedence over
-skip-testing:.

-dry-run, -n
Print the commands that would be executed, but do not execute them.

-skipUnavailableActions
Skip actions that cannot be performed instead of failing. This option is only honored if -scheme is passed.

buildsetting=value
Set the build setting buildsetting to value.

A detailed reference of Xcode build settings can be found at:

-userdefault=value
Set the user default userdefault to value.

-toolchain [identifier | name]
Use a given toolchain, specified with either an identifier or name.

-quiet
Do not print any output except for warnings and errors.

-verbose
Provide additional status output.

-version
Display version information for this install of Xcode. Does not initiate a build. When used in conjunction
with -sdk, the version of the specified SDK is displayed, or all SDKs if -sdk is given no argument. Addition-
ally, a single line of the reported version information may be returned if infoitem is specified.

-license
Show the Xcode and SDK license agreements. Allows for accepting the license agreements without launching Xcode
itself, which is useful for headless systems. Must be run as a privileged user.

-usage
Displays usage information for xcodebuild.

Destinations
The -destination option takes as its argument a destination specifier describing the device (or devices) to use as a
destination. A destination specifier is a single argument consisting of a set of comma-separated key=value pairs.
The -destination option may be specified multiple times to cause xcodebuild to perform the specified action on mul-
tiple destinations.

Destination specifiers may include the platform key to specify one of the supported destination platforms. There
are additional keys which should be supplied depending on the platform of the device you are selecting.

Some devices may take time to look up. The -destination-timeout option can be used to specify the amount of time to
wait before a device is considered unavailable. If unspecified, the default timeout is 30 seconds.

Currently, xcodebuild supports these platforms:

macOS The local Mac, referred to in the Xcode interface as My Mac, and which supports the following
key:

arch The architecture to use, either x86_64 (the default) or i386.

iOS An iOS device, which supports the following keys:

id The identifier of the device to use, as shown in the Devices window. A valid destination
specifier must provide either id or name, but not both.

name The name of the device to use. A valid destination specifier must provide either id or
name, but not both.

iOS Simulator A simulated iOS device, which supports the following keys:

id The identifier of the simulated device to use, as shown in the Devices window. A valid des-
tination specifier must provide either id or name, but not both.

name The name of the simulated device to use. A valid destination specifier must provide either
id or name, but not both.

OS When specifying the simulated device by name, the iOS version for that simulated device,
such as 6.0, or the string latest (the default) to indicate the most recent version of iOS
supported by this version of Xcode.

watchOS A watchOS app is always built and deployed nested inside of an iOS app. To use a watchOS device
as your destination, specify a scheme which is configured to run a WatchKit app, and specify the
iOS platform destination that is paired with the watchOS device you want to use.

watchOS Simulator A watchOS Simulator app is always built and deployed nested inside of an iOS Simulator app. To
use a watchOS Simulator device as your destination, specify a scheme which is configured to run a
WatchKit app, and specify the iOS Simulator platform destination that is paired with the watchOS
Simulator device you want to use.

tvOS A tvOS device, which supports the following keys:

id The identifier of the device to use, as shown in the Devices window. A valid destination
specifier must provide either id or name, but not both.

name The name of the device to use. A valid destination specifier must provide either id or
name, but not both.

tvOS Simulator A simulated tvOS device, which supports the following keys:

id The identifier of the simulated device to use, as shown in the Devices window. A valid des-
tination specifier must provide either id or name, but not both.

name The name of the simulated device to use. A valid destination specifier must provide either
id or name, but not both.

OS When specifying the simulated device by name, the tvOS version for that simulated device,
such as 9.0, or the string latest (the default) to indicate the most recent version of tvOS
supported by this version of Xcode.

Some actions (such as building) may be performed without an actual device present. To build against a platform
generically instead of a specific device, the destination specifier may be prefixed with the optional string
“generic/”, indicating that the platform should be targeted generically. An example of a generic destination is the
“Generic iOS Device” destination displayed in Xcode’s UI when no physical iOS device is present.

Exporting Archives
The -exportArchive option specifies that xcodebuild should export the archive specified by -archivePath using the
options specified by -exportOptionsPlist. xcodebuild -help can print the full set of available inputs to
-exportOptionsPlist. The exported product will be placed at the path specified by -exportPath.

Environment Variables
The following environment variables affect the execution of xcodebuild:

XCODE_XCCONFIG_FILE
Set to a path to a file, build settings in that file will be loaded and used when building all tar-
gets. These settings will override all other settings, including settings passed individually on
the command line, and those in the file passed with the -xcconfig option.

Exit Codes
xcodebuild exits with codes defined by sysexits(3). It will exit with EX_OK on success. On failure, it will com-
monly exit with EX_USAGE if any options appear malformed, EX_NOINPUT if any input files cannot be found, EX_IOERR if
any files cannot be read or written, and EX_SOFTWARE if the commands given to xcodebuild fail. It may exit with
other codes in less common scenarios.

EXAMPLES
xcodebuild clean install

Cleans the build directory; then builds and installs the first target in the Xcode project in the directory
from which xcodebuild was started.

xcodebuild -project MyProject.xcodeproj -target Target1 -target Target2 -configuration Debug

Builds the targets Target1 and Target2 in the project MyProject.xcodeproj using the Debug configuration.

xcodebuild -target MyTarget OBJROOT=/Build/MyProj/Obj.root SYMROOT=/Build/MyProj/Sym.root

Builds the target MyTarget in the Xcode project in the directory from which xcodebuild was started, putting
intermediate files in the directory /Build/MyProj/Obj.root and the products of the build in the directory
/Build/MyProj/Sym.root.

xcodebuild -sdk macosx10.6

Builds the Xcode project in the directory from which xcodebuild was started against the macOS 10.6 SDK.
The canonical names of all available SDKs can be viewed using the -showsdks option.

xcodebuild -workspace MyWorkspace.xcworkspace -scheme MyScheme

Builds the scheme MyScheme in the Xcode workspace MyWorkspace.xcworkspace.

xcodebuild archive -workspace MyWorkspace.xcworkspace -scheme MyScheme

Archives the scheme MyScheme in the Xcode workspace MyWorkspace.xcworkspace.

xcodebuild build-for-testing -workspace MyWorkspace.xcworkspace -scheme MyScheme -destination generic/platform=iOS

Build tests and associated targets in the scheme MyScheme in the Xcode workspace MyWorkspace.xcworkspace
using the generic iOS device destination. The command also writes test parameters from the scheme to an
xctestrun file in the built products directory.

xcodebuild test-without-building -workspace MyWorkspace.xcworkspace -scheme MyScheme -destination ‘platform=iOS
Simulator,name=iPhone 5s’ -destination ‘platform=iOS,name=My iPad’

Tests the scheme MyScheme in the Xcode workspace MyWorkspace.xcworkspace using both the iOS Simulator and
the device named iPhone 5s for the latest version of iOS. The command assumes the test bundles are in the
build root (SYMROOT). (Note that the shell requires arguments to be quoted or otherwise escaped if they
contain spaces.)

xcodebuild test-without-building -xctestrun MyTestRun.xctestrun -destination ‘platform=iOS Simulator,name=iPhone 5s’
-destination ‘platform=iOS,name=My iPad’

Tests using both the iOS Simulator and the device named iPhone 5s. Test bundle paths and other test param-
eters are specified in MyTestRun.xctestrun. The command requires project binaries and does not require
project source code.

xcodebuild test -workspace MyWorkspace.xcworkspace -scheme MyScheme -destination ‘platform=macOS,arch=x86_64’

Tests the scheme MyScheme in the Xcode workspace MyWorkspace.xcworkspace using the destination described as
My Mac 64-bit in Xcode.

xcodebuild -exportArchive -archivePath MyMobileApp.xcarchive -exportPath ExportDestination -exportOptionsPlist
‘export.plist’

Exports the archive MyMobileApp.xcarchive to the path ExportDestination using the options specified in
export.plist.

xcodebuild -exportLocalizations -project MyProject.xcodeproj -localizationPath MyDirectory -exportLanguage zh-hans
-exportLanguage es-MX

Exports two XLIFF files to MyDirectory from MyProject.xcodeproj containing development language strings and
translations for Simplified Chinese and Mexican Spanish.

xcodebuild -exportLocalizations -project MyProject.xcodeproj -localizationPath MyDirectory

Export a single XLIFF file to MyDirectory from MyProject.xcodeproj containing only development language
strings. (In this case, the -exportLanguage parameter has been excluded.)

xcodebuild -importLocalizations -project MyProject.xcodeproj -localizationPath MyLocalizations.xliff

Imports localizations from MyLocalizations.xliff into MyProject.xcodeproj. Translations with issues will
be reported but not imported.

SEE ALSO
ibtool(1), sysexits(3), xcode-select(1), xcrun(1), xed(1)

Xcode Builds Settings Reference [url](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/DeveloperTools/Reference/
XcodeBuildSettingRef)

未完待续