重建控制文件

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转自

http://blog.itpub.net/29844843/viewspace-1336344/

Oracle提供两种方式备份控制文件:

1.生成可以重建控制文件的脚本
2.备份二进制的控制文件

如何获得可以重建控制文件的脚本.在mount状态下获得trc文件

[sql] view plaincopy

sql> alter database backup controlfile to trace as '/home/oracle/crontol_trace.trc';

[sql] view plaincopy

[oracle@hbgf oracle]$ more /home/oracle/crontol_trace.trc
-- The following are current System-scope REDO Log Archival related
-- parameters and can be included in the database initialization file.
--
-- LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST=''
-- LOG_ARCHIVE_DUPLEX_DEST=''
--
-- LOG_ARCHIVE_FORMAT=%t_%s_%r.dbf
--
-- DB_UNIQUE_NAME="uniguard"
--
-- LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG='SEND, RECEIVE, NODG_CONFIG'
-- LOG_ARCHIVE_MAX_PROCESSES=2
-- STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=MANUAL
-- STANDBY_ARCHIVE_DEST=?/dbs/arch
-- FAL_CLIENT=''
-- FAL_SERVER=''
--
-- LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_10='LOCATION=USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST'
-- LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_10='OPTIONAL REOPEN=300 NODELAY'
-- LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_10='ARCH NOAFFIRM NOEXPEDITE NOVERIFY SYNC'
-- LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_10='REGISTER NOALTERNATE NODEPENDENCY'
-- LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_10='NOMAX_FAILURE NOQUOTA_SIZE NOQUOTA_USED NODB_UNIQUE_NAME'
-- LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_10='VALID_FOR=(PRIMARY_ROLE,ONLINE_LOGFILES)'
-- LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_10=ENABLE
--
-- Below are two sets of SQL statements, each of which creates a new
-- control file and uses it to open the database. The first set opens
-- the database with the NORESETLOGS option and should be used only if
-- the current versions of all online logs are available. The second
-- set opens the database with the RESETLOGS option and should be used
-- if online logs are unavailable.
-- The appropriate set of statements can be copied from the trace into
-- a script file, edited as necessary, and executed when there is a
-- need to re-create the control file.
--
-- Set #1. NORESETLOGS case
--
-- The following commands will create a new control file and use it
-- to open the database.
-- Data used by Recovery Manager will be lost.
-- Additional logs may be required for media recovery of offline
-- Use this only if the current versions of all online logs are
-- available.
-- After mounting the created controlfile, the following SQL
-- statement will place the database in the appropriate
-- protection mode:
-- ALTER DATABASE SET STANDBY DATABASE TO MAXIMIZE PERFORMANCE
STARTUP NOMOUNT
CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "UNIGUARD" NORESETLOGS NOARCHIVELOG
MAXLOGFILES 16
MAXLOGMEMBERS 3
MAXDATAFILES 100
MAXINSTANCES 8
MAXLOGHISTORY 4672
LOGFILE
GROUP 1 '/product/app/oracle/oradata/uniguard/redo01.log' SIZE 50M,
GROUP 2 '/product/app/oracle/oradata/uniguard/redo02.log' SIZE 50M,
GROUP 3 '/product/app/oracle/oradata/uniguard/redo03.log' SIZE 50M
-- STANDBY LOGFILE
DATAFILE
'/product/app/oracle/oradata/uniguard/system01.dbf',
'/product/app/oracle/oradata/uniguard/undotbs01.dbf',
'/product/app/oracle/oradata/uniguard/sysaux01.dbf',
'/product/app/oracle/oradata/uniguard/users01.dbf',
'/product/app/oracle/oradata/uniguard/info01.dbf',
'/product/app/oracle/oradata/uniguard/index01.dbf',
'/product/app/oracle/oradata/uniguard/dev01.dbf',
'/product/app/oracle/oradata/uniguard/index02.dbf',
'/product/app/oracle/oradata/uniguard/dev02.dbf',
'/product/app/oracle/oradata/uniguard/dev03.dbf',
'/product/app/oracle/oradata/uniguard/dev04.dbf'
CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK;
-- Commands to re-create incarnation table
-- Below log names MUST be changed to existing filenames on
-- disk. Any one log file from each branch can be used to
-- re-create incarnation records.
-- ALTER DATABASE REGISTER LOGFILE '/product/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/UNIGUARD/archivelog/2012_04_11/o1_mf_1_1_%u_.arc';
-- ALTER DATABASE REGISTER LOGFILE '/product/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/UNIGUARD/archivelog/2012_04_11/o1_mf_1_1_%u_.arc';
-- Recovery is required if any of the datafiles are restored backups,
-- or if the last shutdown was not normal or immediate.
RECOVER DATABASE
-- Database can now be opened normally.
ALTER DATABASE OPEN;
-- Commands to add tempfiles to temporary tablespaces.
-- Online tempfiles have complete space information.
-- Other tempfiles may require adjustment.
ALTER TABLESPACE TEMP ADD TEMPFILE '/product/app/oracle/oradata/uniguard/temp01.dbf'
SIZE 737148928 REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 655360 MAXSIZE 32767M;
-- End of tempfile additions.
--
-- Set #2. RESETLOGS case
--
-- The following commands will create a new control file and use it

编辑这个trace文件,我们就可以获得创建控制文件的sql.

[html] view plaincopy

sql>STARTUP NOMOUNT
sql>CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "UNIGUARD" NORESETLOGS NOARCHIVELOG
MAXLOGFILES 16
MAXLOGMEMBERS 3
MAXDATAFILES 100
MAXINSTANCES 8
MAXLOGHISTORY 4672
LOGFILE
GROUP 1 '/product/app/oracle/oradata/uniguard/redo01.log' SIZE 50M,
GROUP 2 '/product/app/oracle/oradata/uniguard/redo02.log' SIZE 50M,
GROUP 3 '/product/app/oracle/oradata/uniguard/redo03.log' SIZE 50M
-- STANDBY LOGFILE
DATAFILE
'/product/app/oracle/oradata/uniguard/system01.dbf',
'/product/app/oracle/oradata/uniguard/undotbs01.dbf',
'/product/app/oracle/oradata/uniguard/sysaux01.dbf',
'/product/app/oracle/oradata/uniguard/users01.dbf',
'/product/app/oracle/oradata/uniguard/info01.dbf',
'/index/oradata/uniguard/index01.dbf',
'/devdata/oradata/uniguard/index01.dbf',
'/devdata/oradata/uniguard/indexdata02.dbf',
'/devdata/oradata/uniguard/dev01.dbf'
CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK
;
sql>RECOVER DATABASE
sql>ALTER DATABASE OPEN;
sql>ALTER TABLESPACE TEMP ADD TEMPFILE '/product/app/oracle/oradata/uniguard/temp01.dbf'
SIZE 1244667904 REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 655360 MAXSIZE 32767M;

以上给出生成创建控制文件脚本并重建控制文件的方法，但是具体恢复中遇到的问题可能需要具体对待,当得不到trace文件，可根据这个格式，查看数据文件，更改相关内容再重建.这种方法通常是在没有控制文件(二进制文件)备份的情况下所采用的，如果存在备份应该使用备份的控制文件尝试恢复.

注：

[sql] view plaincopy

SQL>alter database backup controlfile to '\home\oracle\backup\control.bkp'; //备份二进制控制文件

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