Struts学习总结（一个简单的struts实例）

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由于后面的一些配置很大一部分都要用到struts的东西（或者思想），所以在这里对struts的配置进行一个比较详细的解释。

一. 按惯例，先讲包的引入：

就是下载的jakarta-struts里面lib下的包，这是使用struts框架的根本需要，也就是框架的支持。

二．紧接着就是配置文件（这也是最重要的一步，关系到程序能不能跑起来）。

由于是做的web project 所以一般的web项目的配置文件web.xml是必需的，WEB-INF, WEB-INF/classes, WEB-INF/lib.也是必需的。如果用到struts的标签的话（在struts框架上推荐使用），还要有一个WEB-INF/tlds

里面用来放jakarta-struts里的tld文件。

然后就是struts的配置文件struts-config.xml。这是使用这个框架的根本。

这两个配置文件的示例如下：

Web.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN" "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd">

<web-app>

<servlet-name>action</servlet-name>

<servlet-class>

org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet

</servlet-class>

<init-param>

<param-name>config</param-name>

<param-value>/WEB-INF/struts-config.xml</param-value>

</init-param>

<init-param>

<param-name>debug</param-name>

<param-value>3</param-value>

</init-param>

<init-param>

<param-name>detail</param-name>

<param-value>3</param-value>

</init-param>

<load-on-startup>0</load-on-startup>

</servlet>

<servlet-mapping>

<servlet-name>action</servlet-name>

<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>

</servlet-mapping>

<taglib-uri>http://jakarta.apache.org/struts/tags-bean</taglib-uri>

<taglib-location>/WEB-INF/tlds/struts-bean.tld</taglib-location>

</taglib>

<taglib-uri>http://jakarta.apache.org/struts/tags-html</taglib-uri>

<taglib-location>/WEB-INF/tlds/struts-html.tld</taglib-location>

</taglib>

<taglib-uri>http://jakarta.apache.org/struts/tags-logic</taglib-uri>

<taglib-location>/WEB-INF/tlds/struts-logic.tld</taglib-location>

</taglib>

</web-app>

Struts-config.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!DOCTYPE struts-config PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 1.1//EN" "http://jakarta.apache.org/struts/dtds/struts-config_1_1.dtd">

<struts-config>

<data-sources />

<form-beans >

<form-bean name="helloForm" type="com.ln.struts.form.HelloForm" />

</form-beans>

<global-exceptions />

<global-forwards />

<action-mappings >

<action

attribute="helloForm"

name="helloForm"

path="/hello"

scope="request"

type="com.ln.struts.action.HelloAction">

</action>

</action-mappings>

<message-resources parameter="com.ln.struts.ApplicationResources" />

</struts-config>

三．关于程序的书写：（以最出名的Hello World为例）

一般需要有一个form与一个action，还有jsp页面。Form用于与页面进行数据交互，然后由action通过form取得页面数据，进行相应的处理，然后通过调用return finforward进行页面转移控制。

示例如下:

HelloAction.java:

//Created by MyEclipse Struts

// XSL source (default): platform:/plugin/com.genuitec.eclipse.cross.easystruts.eclipse_3.8.3/xslt/JavaClass.xsl

package com.ln.struts.action;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.apache.struts.action.Action;

import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;

import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForward;

import org.apache.struts.action.ActionMapping;

import com.ln.struts.form.HelloForm;

/**

* MyEclipse Struts

* Creation date: 01-14-2005

* XDoclet definition:

* @struts:action path="/hello" name="helloForm" scope="request" validate="true"

* @struts:action-forward name="hello" path="/hello.jsp"

public class HelloAction extends Action {

// --------------------------------------------------------- Instance Variables

// --------------------------------------------------------- Methods

/**

* Method execute

* @param mapping

* @param form

* @param request

* @param response

* @return ActionForward

public ActionForward execute(

ActionMapping mapping,

ActionForm form,

HttpServletRequest request,

HttpServletResponse response) {

HelloForm helloForm = (HelloForm) form;

helloForm.setMsg("Hello World!");

request.setAttribute("helloForm",helloForm);

return mapping.findForward("hello");

}

HelloForm.java:

//Created by MyEclipse Struts

// XSL source (default): platform:/plugin/com.genuitec.eclipse.cross.easystruts.eclipse_3.8.3/xslt/JavaClass.xsl

package com.ln.struts.form;

import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;

/**

* MyEclipse Struts

* Creation date: 01-14-2005

* XDoclet definition:

* @struts:form name="helloForm"

public class HelloForm extends ActionForm {

// --------------------------------------------------------- Instance Variables

/** msg property */

private String msg;

// --------------------------------------------------------- Methods

/**

* Returns the msg.

* @return String

public String getMsg() {

return msg;

}

/**

* Set the msg.

* @param msg The msg to set

public void setMsg(String msg) {

this.msg = msg;

}

hello.jsp

<%@ page language="java"%>

<%@ taglib uri="http://jakarta.apache.org/struts/tags-bean" prefix="bean" %>

<%@ taglib uri="http://jakarta.apache.org/struts/tags-html" prefix="html" %>

<%@ taglib uri="http://jakarta.apache.org/struts/tags-logic" prefix="logic" %>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">

<html:html>

<head>

<title>hello.jsp</title>

</head>

<body>

<html:form action="/hello" method="post">

<bean:write name="helloForm" property="msg"/>

</html:form>

</body>

</html:html>

index.jsp:

<%@ page language="java"%>

<%@ taglib uri="http://jakarta.apache.org/struts/tags-bean" prefix="bean" %>

<%@ taglib uri="http://jakarta.apache.org/struts/tags-html" prefix="html" %>

<%@ taglib uri="http://jakarta.apache.org/struts/tags-logic" prefix="logic" %>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">

<html:html>

<head>

<title>index.jsp</title>

</head>

<body>

This a struts page. <br>

<logic:redirect page="/hello.do"></logic:redirect>

</body>

</html:html>