LayoutInflater 详解
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一.怎么使用
1.1获取到LayoutInflater的实例,有两种方法可以获取到
1.1.1第一种(Android给我们做了一下封装)
LayoutInflater layoutInflater = LayoutInflater.from(context);
1.1.2 第二种(这个不太常用)
LayoutInflater layoutInflater = (LayoutInflater) context .getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);
1.2 调用它的inflate()方法来加载布局
inflate()方法一般接收两个参数,第一个参数就是要加载的布局id,第二个参数是指给该布局的外部再嵌套一层父布局,如果不需要就直接传null
layoutInflater.inflate(resourceId, root);
或者用三个参数 (其实上面的函数也是调用了这个函数)
inflate(int resource, ViewGroup root, boolean attachToRoot)
1.3使用
1.3.1activity布局
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:id="@+id/main_layout" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" ></LinearLayout>
1.3.2 button控件布局
<Button xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="Button" ></Button>
1.3.3 Activity 通过LayoutInflater来将button_layout这个布局添加到主布局文件的LinearLayout中
public class MainActivity extends Activity { private LinearLayout mainLayout; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); mainLayout = (LinearLayout) findViewById(R.id.main_layout); LayoutInflater layoutInflater = LayoutInflater.from(this); View buttonLayout = layoutInflater.inflate(R.layout.button_layout, null); mainLayout.addView(buttonLayout); }}
1.3.4 在Fragment中使用 有返回一个view 不需要用addView了
public class CareFragment extends Fragment { @Nullable @Override public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, @Nullable ViewGroup container, @Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) { View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_care, container, false); mToolbar = (MyToolBar) view.findViewById(R.id.mToobarcare); return view; }
二.详细分析
2.1 这里是源码一 调用了源码二
源码inflate(两个参数)
public View inflate(int resource, ViewGroup root) { return inflate(resource, root, root != null); }
2.2 这里是源码二 调用了源码三
源码二 inflate(三个参数)
- 如果root为null,attachToRoot将失去作用,设置任何值都没有意义。
- 如果root不为null,attachToRoot设为true,则会给加载的布局文件的指定一个父布局,即root。
- 如果root不为null,attachToRoot设为false,则会将布局文件最外层的所有layout属性进行设置,当该view被添加到父view当中时,这些layout属性会自动生效。
- 在不设置attachToRoot参数的情况下,如果root不为null,attachToRoot参数默认为true。
public View inflate(int resource, ViewGroup root, boolean attachToRoot) { final Resources res = getContext().getResources(); if (DEBUG) { Log.d(TAG, "INFLATING from resource: \"" + res.getResourceName(resource) + "\" (" + Integer.toHexString(resource) + ")"); } final XmlResourceParser parser = res.getLayout(resource); try { return inflate(parser, root, attachToRoot); } finally { parser.close(); } }
2.3这里是源码三 调用了源码四 (前几个其实最后都调用了源码三)
源码三 inflate(三个参数)
public View inflate(XmlPullParser parser, ViewGroup root, boolean attachToRoot) { synchronized (mConstructorArgs) { Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_VIEW, "inflate"); final AttributeSet attrs = Xml.asAttributeSet(parser); Context lastContext = (Context)mConstructorArgs[0]; mConstructorArgs[0] = mContext; View result = root; try { // Look for the root node. int type; while ((type = parser.next()) != XmlPullParser.START_TAG && type != XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT) { // Empty } if (type != XmlPullParser.START_TAG) { throw new InflateException(parser.getPositionDescription() + ": No start tag found!"); } final String name = parser.getName(); if (DEBUG) { System.out.println("**************************"); System.out.println("Creating root view: " + name); System.out.println("**************************"); } if (TAG_MERGE.equals(name)) { if (root == null || !attachToRoot) { throw new InflateException("<merge /> can be used only with a valid " + "ViewGroup root and attachToRoot=true"); } rInflate(parser, root, attrs, false, false); } else { // Temp is the root view that was found in the xml final View temp = createViewFromTag(root, name, attrs, false); ViewGroup.LayoutParams params = null; if (root != null) { if (DEBUG) { System.out.println("Creating params from root: " + root); } // Create layout params that match root, if supplied params = root.generateLayoutParams(attrs); if (!attachToRoot) { // Set the layout params for temp if we are not // attaching. (If we are, we use addView, below) temp.setLayoutParams(params); } } if (DEBUG) { System.out.println("-----> start inflating children"); } // Inflate all children under temp rInflate(parser, temp, attrs, true, true); if (DEBUG) { System.out.println("-----> done inflating children"); } // We are supposed to attach all the views we found (int temp) // to root. Do that now. if (root != null && attachToRoot) { root.addView(temp, params); } // Decide whether to return the root that was passed in or the // top view found in xml. if (root == null || !attachToRoot) { result = temp; } } } catch (XmlPullParserException e) { InflateException ex = new InflateException(e.getMessage()); ex.initCause(e); throw ex; } catch (IOException e) { InflateException ex = new InflateException( parser.getPositionDescription() + ": " + e.getMessage()); ex.initCause(e); throw ex; } finally { // Don't retain static reference on context. mConstructorArgs[0] = lastContext; mConstructorArgs[1] = null; } Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_VIEW); return result; } }
LayoutInflater其实就是使用Android提供的pull解析方式来解析布局文件的,这里我们注意看下第41行,调用了createViewFromTag()这个方法,并把节点名和参数传了进去。它是用于根据节点名来创建View对象的。在createViewFromTag()方法的内部又会去调用createView()方法,然后使用反射的方式创建出View的实例并返回。63行会调用 rInflate()
2.4 源码三调用了源码四
源码四 rInflate(三个参数)
private void rInflate(XmlPullParser parser, View parent, final AttributeSet attrs) throws XmlPullParserException, IOException { final int depth = parser.getDepth(); int type; while (((type = parser.next()) != XmlPullParser.END_TAG || parser.getDepth() > depth) && type != XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT) { if (type != XmlPullParser.START_TAG) { continue; } final String name = parser.getName(); if (TAG_REQUEST_FOCUS.equals(name)) { parseRequestFocus(parser, parent); } else if (TAG_INCLUDE.equals(name)) { if (parser.getDepth() == 0) { throw new InflateException("<include /> cannot be the root element"); } parseInclude(parser, parent, attrs); } else if (TAG_MERGE.equals(name)) { throw new InflateException("<merge /> must be the root element"); } else { final View view = createViewFromTag(name, attrs); final ViewGroup viewGroup = (ViewGroup) parent; final ViewGroup.LayoutParams params = viewGroup.generateLayoutParams(attrs); rInflate(parser, view, attrs); viewGroup.addView(view, params); } } parent.onFinishInflate();}
在第21行同样是createViewFromTag()方法来创建View的实例,然后还会在第24行递归调用rInflate()方法来查找这个View下的子元素,每次递归完成后则将这个View添加到父布局当中。
这样的话,把整个布局文件都解析完成后就形成了一个完整的DOM结构,最终会把最顶层的根布局返回,至此inflate()过程全部结束。
2.5 另外layout_width等等 属性必须要在外层有个父布局
Activity在setContentView()方法中,Android会自动在布局文件的最外层再嵌套一个FrameLayout
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