greenplum4.2安装配置文档-手把手…

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1 数据库操作

1.1 连接数据库

[gpadmin@gpmaster ~]$ psql -dgpsun

psql (8.2.15)

Type "help" forhelp.

gpsun-# \l

Listof databases

Name | Owner |Encoding | Access privileges

-----------+---------+----------+---------------------

gpsun | gpadmin | UTF8 |

postgres | gpadmin |UTF8 |

template0 | gpadmin |UTF8 | =c/gpadmin

: gpadmin=CTc/gpadmin

template1 | gpadmin |UTF8 | =c/gpadmin

: gpadmin=CTc/gpadmin

(4 rows)

gpsun-# ^

gpsun=# create table ljg (namevarchar(10),olds numeric(8));

NOTICE: Table doesn't have'DISTRIBUTED BY' clause -- Using column named 'name' as theGreenplum Database data distribution key for this table.

HINT: The 'DISTRIBUTED BY'clause determines the distribution of data. Make sure column(s)chosen are the optimal data distribution key to minimizeskew.

CREATE TABLE

gpsun=# select * fromljg;

name | olds

------+------

(0 rows)

gpsun=# insert into ljgvalues('ljg',30);

INSERT 0 1

gpsun=# select * fromljg;

name | olds

------+------

ljg | 30

(1 row)

gpsun=# select * fromljg;

name | olds

------+------

ljg | 30

ljg | 34

(2 rows)

gpsun=# update ljg set olds=35where olds=34;

UPDATE 1

gpsun=# commit;

gpsun=# exit

1.2 数据库启动

命令：gpstart

具体过称为：

[gpadmin@gpmaster ~]$ gpstart

20130816:00:58:00:004099gpstart:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Starting gpstart withargs:

20130816:00:58:00:004099gpstart:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Gathering information andvalidating the environment...

20130816:00:58:06:004099gpstart:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Greenplum Binary Version:'postgres (Greenplum Database) 4.2.2.4 build 1 CommunityEdition'

20130816:00:58:08:004099gpstart:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Greenplum Catalog Version:'201109210'

20130816:00:58:10:004099gpstart:gpmaster:gpadmin-[WARNING]:-postmaster.pid file exists onMaster, checking if recovery startup required

20130816:00:58:10:004099gpstart:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Commencing recovery startupchecks

20130816:00:58:12:004099 gpstart:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Nosocket connection or lock file in /tmp found forport=5432

20130816:00:58:12:004099 gpstart:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:-NoMaster instance process, entering recovery startup mode

20130816:00:58:12:004099gpstart:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Clearing Master instance pidfile

20130816:00:58:12:004099gpstart:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Starting Master instance in adminmode

20130816:00:58:22:004099gpstart:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Obtaining Greenplum Master cataloginformation

20130816:00:58:22:004099gpstart:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Obtaining Segment details frommaster...

20130816:00:58:27:004099gpstart:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Setting new master era

20130816:00:58:27:004099gpstart:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Commencing forced instanceshutdown

20130816:00:58:42:004099gpstart:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Starting Master instance in adminmode

20130816:00:58:46:004099gpstart:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Obtaining Greenplum Master cataloginformation

20130816:00:58:46:004099gpstart:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Obtaining Segment details frommaster...

20130816:00:58:50:004099gpstart:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Setting new master era

20130816:00:58:50:004099gpstart:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Master Started...

20130816:00:58:50:004099gpstart:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Checking for filespaceconsistency

20130816:00:58:50:004099gpstart:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Obtaining current filespaceentries used by TRANSACTION_FILES

20130816:00:59:01:004099gpstart:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:-TRANSACTION_FILES OIDs areconsistent for pg_system filespace

20130816:00:59:07:004099gpstart:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:-TRANSACTION_FILES entries areconsistent for pg_system filespace

20130816:00:59:07:004099gpstart:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Checking for filespaceconsistency

20130816:00:59:07:004099gpstart:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Obtaining current filespaceentries used by TEMPORARY_FILES

20130816:00:59:12:004099gpstart:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:-TEMPORARY_FILES OIDs areconsistent for pg_system filespace

20130816:00:59:16:004099gpstart:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:-TEMPORARY_FILES entries areconsistent for pg_system filespace

20130816:00:59:16:004099gpstart:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Shutting down master

20130816:00:59:27:004099gpstart:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:---------------------------

20130816:00:59:27:004099gpstart:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Master instanceparameters

20130816:00:59:27:004099gpstart:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:---------------------------

20130816:00:59:27:004099gpstart:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Database = template1

20130816:00:59:27:004099gpstart:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Master Port = 5432

20130816:00:59:27:004099gpstart:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Master directory = /data/master/gpseg-1

20130816:00:59:27:004099gpstart:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Timeout = 600 seconds

20130816:00:59:27:004099gpstart:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Master standby = Off

20130816:00:59:27:004099gpstart:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:---------------------------------------

20130816:00:59:27:004099gpstart:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Segment instances that will bestarted

20130816:00:59:27:004099gpstart:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:---------------------------------------

20130816:00:59:27:004099gpstart:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:- Host Datadir Port

20130816:00:59:27:004099gpstart:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:- gpnode1 /data/data1/data/gpseg0 40000

20130816:00:59:27:004099gpstart:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:- gpnode2 /data/data1/data/gpseg1 40000

Continue with Greenplum instance startup Yy|Nn(default=N):

> y

20130816:01:02:20:004099 gpstart:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Nostandby master configured. skipping...

20130816:01:02:24:004099gpstart:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Commencing parallel segmentinstance startup, please wait...

.........................................................

20130816:01:03:21:004099gpstart:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Process results...

20130816:01:03:21:004099gpstart:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:-----------------------------------------------------

20130816:01:03:21:004099gpstart:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:- Successful segment starts = 2

20130816:01:03:21:004099gpstart:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:- Failed segment starts = 0

20130816:01:03:21:004099gpstart:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:- Skipped segment starts (segments are marked down inconfiguration) =0

20130816:01:03:21:004099gpstart:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:-----------------------------------------------------

20130816:01:03:21:004099gpstart:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:-

20130816:01:03:21:004099gpstart:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Successfully started 2 of 2segment instances

20130816:01:03:21:004099gpstart:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:-----------------------------------------------------

20130816:01:03:21:004099gpstart:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Starting Master instance gpmasterdirectory /data/master/gpseg-1

20130816:01:03:28:004099gpstart:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Command pg_ctl reports Mastergpmaster instance active

20130816:01:03:32:004099gpstart:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Database successfullystarted

[gpadmin@gpmaster ~]$ psql -d gpsun

psql (8.2.15)

Type "help" for help.

gpsun=#

1.3 数据库关闭

gpstop

1.4 数据库状态

gpstate

[gpadmin@gpmaster ~]$ gpstate

20130816:01:46:21:005122gpstate:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Starting gpstate withargs:

20130816:01:46:23:005122gpstate:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:-local Greenplum Version: 'postgres(Greenplum Database) 4.2.2.4 build 1 Community Edition'

20130816:01:46:25:005122gpstate:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:-master Greenplum Version:'PostgreSQL 8.2.15 (Greenplum Database 4.2.2.4 build 1 CommunityEdition) on i686-pc-linux-gnu, compiled by GCC gcc (GCC) 4.4.2compiled on Oct 17 2012 12:26:08'

20130816:01:46:28:005122gpstate:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Obtaining Segment details frommaster...

20130816:01:46:28:005122gpstate:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Gathering data fromsegments...

............................

20130816:01:47:02:005122gpstate:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Greenplum instance statussummary

20130816:01:47:02:005122gpstate:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:-----------------------------------------------------

20130816:01:47:02:005122gpstate:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:- Master instance = Active

20130816:01:47:02:005122gpstate:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:- Master standby = No master standby configured

20130816:01:47:02:005122gpstate:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:- Total segment instance count from metadata = 2

20130816:01:47:02:005122gpstate:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:-----------------------------------------------------

20130816:01:47:02:005122gpstate:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:- Primary Segment Status

20130816:01:47:02:005122gpstate:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:-----------------------------------------------------

20130816:01:47:02:005122gpstate:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:- Total primary segments = 2

20130816:01:47:02:005122gpstate:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:- Total primary segment valid (at master) = 2

20130816:01:47:02:005122gpstate:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:- Total primary segment failures (at master) = 0

20130816:01:47:02:005122gpstate:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:- Total number of postmaster.pid files missing =0

20130816:01:47:02:005122gpstate:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:- Total number of postmaster.pid files found = 2

20130816:01:47:02:005122gpstate:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:- Total number of postmaster.pid PIDs missing = 0

20130816:01:47:02:005122gpstate:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:- Total number of postmaster.pid PIDs found = 2

20130816:01:47:02:005122gpstate:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:- Total number of /tmp lock files missing = 0

20130816:01:47:02:005122gpstate:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:- Total number of /tmp lock files found = 2

20130816:01:47:02:005122gpstate:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:- Total number postmaster processes missing = 0

20130816:01:47:02:005122gpstate:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:- Total numberpostmaster processes found = 2

20130816:01:47:02:005122gpstate:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:-----------------------------------------------------

20130816:01:47:02:005122gpstate:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:- Mirror Segment Status

20130816:01:47:02:005122gpstate:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:-----------------------------------------------------

20130816:01:47:02:005122gpstate:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:- Mirrors not configured on this array

20130816:01:47:02:005122gpstate:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:-----------------------------------------------------

[gpadmin@gpmaster ~]$

2 其他

3 Troubleshooting

3.1 数据库创建成功，但不能连接

在初始化数据库过程中，数据库创建成功，但不能启动连接

3.1.1 现象

20130815:20:42:02:016261gpstart:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Process results...

20130815:20:42:02:016261gpstart:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:-----------------------------------------------------

20130815:20:42:02:016261gpstart:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:- Successful segment starts = 2

20130815:20:42:02:016261gpstart:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:- Failed segment starts = 0

20130815:20:42:02:016261gpstart:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:- Skipped segment starts (segments are marked down inconfiguration) =0

20130815:20:42:02:016261gpstart:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:-----------------------------------------------------

20130815:20:42:02:016261gpstart:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:-

20130815:20:42:02:016261gpstart:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Successfully started 2 of 2segment instances

20130815:20:42:02:016261gpstart:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:-----------------------------------------------------

20130815:20:42:02:016261gpstart:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Starting Master instance gpmasterdirectory /data/master/gpseg-1

20130815:20:42:09:016261gpstart:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Command pg_ctl reports Mastergpmaster instance active

20130815:20:42:20:016261gpstart:gpmaster:gpadmin-[WARNING]:-FATAL: DTM initialization:failure during startup/recovery, retry failed, check segment status(cdbtm.c:1468)

20130815:20:42:20:016261gpstart:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Check status of database withgpstate utility

20130815:20:42:21:003753gpinitsystem:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Completed restart ofGreenplum instance in production mode

20130815:20:42:22:003753gpinitsystem:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Loadinggp_toolkit...

psql: FATAL: DTM initialization:failure during startup/recovery, retry failed, check segment status(cdbtm.c:1468)

20130815:20:42:29:gpinitsystem:gpmaster:gpadmin-[FATAL]:-Failedto retrieve rolname. Script Exiting!

3.1.2 解决方案

解决方案：关防火墙

具体命令：

service iptables stop

chkconfig iptables off

3.2 系统重启后，无法启动数据库

3.2.1 现象

[gpadmin@gpmaster ~]$ psql -d gpsun

psql: could not connect to server: No such file ordirectory

Is the server running locally and accepting

connections on Unix domain socket "/tmp/.s.PGSQL.5432"?

[gpadmin@gpmaster ~]$ gpstart

20130815:22:28:28:003675gpstart:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Starting gpstart withargs:

20130815:22:28:28:003675gpstart:gpmaster:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Gathering information andvalidating the environment...

20130815:22:28:28:003675gpstart:gpmaster:gpadmin-[CRITICAL]:-gpstart failed.(Reason='[Errno 2] No such file or directory:'/data/master/postgresql.conf'') exiting...

[gpadmin@gpmaster ~]$

3.2.2 解决方案

.bash_profile文件中添加

exportMASTER_DATA_DIRECTORY=/data/master/gpseg-1

[gpadmin@gpmaster ~]$ vi .bash_profile

# .bash_profile

# Get the aliases and functions

if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then

. ~/.bashrc

# User specific environment and startup programs

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin

export PATH

source/usr/local/greenplum-db-4.2.2.4/greenplum_path.sh

export MASTER_DATA_DIRECTORY=/data/master/gpseg-1

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