磁盘管理 LVM

来源：互联网发布：下个会声会影软件编辑：程序博客网时间：2024/05/12 20:02

#########磁盘加密##################

fdisk /dev/vdb //分盘

cryptsetup luksFormat /dev/vdb1 //上锁

cryptsetup open /dev/vdb1 westos//解锁后的文件名为westos

mkfs.xfs /dev/mapper/westos //格式化

mount /dev/mapper/westos /mnt/ //挂载到/mnt

crytsetup close westos //关闭

##########永久加密#################

vim /etc/crypttab //添加内容

+ hello /dev/vdb1 /root/lukspsfile

vim /root/lukspsfile //密码

+ ly1024.4346

chmod 600 /root/lukspsfile //只能用户读写

cryptsetup luksAddKey /dev/vdb1 /root/lukspsfile //将两个文件关联

vim /etc/fstab //添加内容

+ /dev/mapper/hello /mnt xfs defaults 0 0

reboot

##########清除加密##################

vim /etc/fstab //编辑文件，删除之前填写的

- /dev/mapper/hello /mnt xfs defaults 0 0

>/etc/crypttab //清空

rm -fr /root/lukspsfile //删除文件

umount /mnt/ //卸载

cryptsetup close hello //关闭

mkfs.xfs /dev/vdb1 -f //强制格式化

mount /dev/vdb1 /mnt

umount /mnt

#########磁盘阵列###################

1 fdisk /dev/vdb //划分磁盘

2 partprobe //重读分区表

3 ll -l /dev/md0 //查看存在md0否

4 mdadm -C /dev/md0 -a yes -l 1 -n 2 -x 1 /dev/vdb{1..3}

//-C 创建 -a 如果md0不存在则创建是否创建 yes 级别（ 0 1 5 ） -n 用几块作阵列 -x 闲置一块

5 mkfs.xfs /dev/md0 //格式化

6 mount /dev/md0 /mnt //挂载使用

7 cat /proc/mdstat

############################

mdadm -f /dev/md0 /dev/vdb1 //破坏vdb1

mdadm -D /dev/md0 //显示

mdadm -r /dev/md0 /dev/vdb1 //移除vdb1

mdadm -f /dev/md0 /dev/vdb2 //弄坏vdb2

mdadm -a /dev/md0 /dev/vdb1 //添加vdb1

mdadm -r /dev/md0 /dev/vdb2 //移除vdb2

mdadm -f /dev/md0 /dev/vdb1 //破坏vdb1

mdadm -r /dev/md0 /dev/vdb1 //移除vdb1

umount /mnt //卸载

mdadm -f /dev/md0 /dev/vdb3 //破坏vdb3

mdadm -S /dev/md0 //stop

###########配额#################

mount -o usrquota /dev/vdb1 /pub

quotaon -uv /dev/vdb1

chmod 1777 /pub

edquota -u student

su - student

vim /etc/fstab/

+ hard 1024 k

blkid

vim /etc/fstab

+ /dev/vdb1 /pub xfs defaults,usrquota 0 0

reboot

#############################

逻辑卷

1 fdisk /dev/vdb

2 partprobe

划分物理分区并把分区id 修改为8e //类型

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/vdb1 2048 206847 102400 8e Linux LVM

/dev/vdb2 206848 411647 102400 8e Linux LVM

7 pvcreate /dev/vdb1 //榨汁

8 vgcreate hello /dev/vdb1 //组

9 lvcreate -L 50M -n apple hello//取汁

10 mkfs.xfs /dev/hello/apple //格式化

11 mount /dev/hello/apple /mnt/

12 df

13 ll /dev/hello/apple

14 ll /dev/mapper/hello-apple

############################

===pv===

PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree

/dev/vdb1 hello lvm2 a-- 96.00m 0

/dev/vdb2 hello lvm2 a-- 96.00m 92.00m

===vg===

VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree

hello 2 1 0 wz--n- 192.00m 92.00m

===lv===

LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert

apple hello -wi-ao---- 100.00m

Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/vda1 10G 3.0G 7.1G 30% /

devtmpfs 906M 0 906M 0% /dev

tmpfs 921M 80K 921M 1% /dev/shm

tmpfs 921M 17M 904M 2% /run

tmpfs 921M 0 921M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup

/dev/mapper/hello-apple 97M 2.8M 94M 3% /mnt

[root@desktop5 ~]# watch -n 1 'echo ===pv===;pvs;echo ===vg===; vgs;echo ===lv===;lvs;df -h;'

16 pvcreate /dev/vdb2 //再来一块

18 lvextend -L 100M /dev/hello/apple

19 vgextend hello /dev/vdb2 //把vdb2加到组hello

20 lvextend -L 100M /dev/hello/apple //增长到100M

21 xfs_growfs /dev/hello/apple //填充杯子到100M

注意:不能无限扩大，文件系统受限制

#########################

31 umount /dev/hello/apple

32 mkfs.ext4 /dev/hello/apple //xfs不能缩减

34 e2fsck -f /dev/hello/apple //检测一下

40 resize2fs /dev/hello/apple 80M //文件系统缩减

41 lvreduce -L 80M /dev/hello/apple //物理逻辑缩减

42 pvmove /dev/vdb1 /dev/vdb2 //把1块上的移动到块2上

43 vgreduce hello /dev/vdb1 //从组中把块1删除

44 pvremove /dev/vdb1 //移除块1

##########################

mount /dev/hello/apple

xfs_growfs /dev/hello/apple

lvextend -L 150M /dev/hello/apple

xfs_growfs /dev/hello/apple

ext4 /dev/hello/apple

resize2fs 150M /dev/hello/apple

resize2fs /dev/hello/apple 150M

fdisk /dev/vdb

partprobe

reboot

vgreduce --removemissing hello --force

###########################

lvcreate -L 10M -n lv0 -s /dev/hello/apple //快照名为lv0

mount /dev/hello/lv0 /mnt //挂载到/mnt

mkfs.xfs -f /dev/hello/lv0 //格式化

mount /dev/hello/lv0 /pub

umount /mnt

umount /pub

lvremove /dev/hello/apple

lvremove /dev/hello/lv0

vgremove hello

pvremove /dev/vdb2

pvs

[root@localhost ~]# lvcreate -L 10M -n lv0 -s /dev/hello/apple

Rounding up size to full physical extent 12.00 MiB

Logical volume "lv0" created

[root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/hello/lv0 /mnt

[root@localhost ~]# mkfs.xfs -f /dev/hello/lv0

mkfs.xfs: /dev/hello/lv0 contains a mounted filesystem

Usage: mkfs.xfs

/* blocksize */ [-b log=n|size=num]

/* metadata */ [-m crc=[0|1]

/* data subvol */ [-d agcount=n,agsize=n,file,name=xxx,size=num,

(sunit=value,swidth=value|su=num,sw=num|noalign),

sectlog=n|sectsize=num

/* force overwrite */ [-f]

/* inode size */ [-i log=n|perblock=n|size=num,maxpct=n,attr=0|1|2,

projid32bit=0|1]

/* no discard */ [-K]

/* log subvol */ [-l agnum=n,internal,size=num,logdev=xxx,version=n

sunit=value|su=num,sectlog=n|sectsize=num,

lazy-count=0|1]

/* label */ [-L label (maximum 12 characters)]

/* naming */ [-n log=n|size=num,version=2|ci,ftype=0|1]

/* no-op info only */ [-N]

/* prototype file */ [-p fname]

/* quiet */ [-q]

/* realtime subvol */ [-r extsize=num,size=num,rtdev=xxx]

/* sectorsize */ [-s log=n|size=num]

/* version */ [-V]

devicename

<devicename> is required unless -d name=xxx is given.

<num> is xxx (bytes), xxxs (sectors), xxxb (fs blocks), xxxk (xxx KiB),

xxxm (xxx MiB), xxxg (xxx GiB), xxxt (xxx TiB) or xxxp (xxx PiB).

<value> is xxx (512 byte blocks).

[root@localhost ~]# umount /mnt

[root@localhost ~]# umount /pub

umount: /pub: not mounted

[root@localhost ~]# vgremove /dev/hello/apple

Invalid volume group name: hello/apple

Run `vgremove --help' for more information.

[root@localhost ~]# lvremove /dev/hello/apple

Do you really want to remove active logical volume lv0? [y/n]: y

Logical volume "lv0" successfully removed

Do you really want to remove active logical volume apple? [y/n]: y

Logical volume "apple" successfully removed

##########################

0 0