iOS---基本的UI控件

来源：互联网发布：车刀角度测量实验数据编辑：程序博客网时间：2024/06/05 22:56

不知不觉一年多了，该好好整理啦！亡羊补牢，希望为时不晚

// ViewController.m

// 整理笔记

// Created by imac on 15/8/22.

#import "ViewController.h"

#pragma mark - 使用宏替换

// 减少硬编码，使用获取的屏幕的物理尺寸来适配UI

#define kScreenHeight [UIScreen mainScreen].bounds.size.height

#define kScreenWidth [UIScreen mainScreen].bounds.size.width

@interface ViewController ()

{NSInteger _index;}

@property (strong,nonatomic) UIView *myView;

@end

@implementation ViewController

- (void)viewDidLoad {

[superviewDidLoad];

// Do any additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib.

//通过tag值查找view

UIView *myView1 = [self.viewviewWithTag:100];

myView1.alpha =0.5;

#pragma mark - 坐标系统转换

// 拿到视图的 transform

CGAffineTransform transform =self.myView.transform;

// 构造一个 x方向放大了 1.2， y方向放大了1.2倍的transform

self.myView.transform =CGAffineTransformScale(transform,1.2, 1.2);

// 构造一个 x方向缩小了 0.8， y方向缩小了0.8倍的transform

self.myView.transform =CGAffineTransformScale(transform,0.8, 0.8);

// 沿着center选择指定的角度 M_PI：π＝ 180°

self.myView.transform =CGAffineTransformRotate(transform,M_PI / 3.0);

//位置复原

self.myView.transform =CGAffineTransformIdentity;

#pragma mark - /*************** UI控件 **************/

#pragma mark UILabel

UILabel *textLabel = [[UILabelalloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0,100, kScreenWidth,200)];

#warning 要先设置内容，才能自适应.而且自适应，要写在行数设置后面

// 内容自适应

// [textLabel sizeToFit];

// 设置内容

textLabel.text =@"Talk is cheap， show me the Code.废话少说，放码过来";

textLabel.backgroundColor = [UIColororangeColor];

// 行数设置，默认为1单行显示。 0表示行数没有限制，在足够的高度之下，换行显示

textLabel.numberOfLines =0;

// 设置文本的打断方式 Mode模式、 style样式， type类型

textLabel.lineBreakMode =NSLineBreakByTruncatingMiddle;

// 设置文本颜色

textLabel.textColor = [UIColorgrayColor];

// 设置阴影颜色

textLabel.shadowColor = [UIColorblackColor];

// 设置阴影的偏移量 (水平位置，垂直位置)

textLabel.shadowOffset =CGSizeMake(3,3);

// 设置文本的对齐方式

textLabel.textAlignment =NSTextAlignmentCenter;

// 设置字体

// textLabel.font = [UIFont systemFontOfSize:28];

// textLabel.font = [UIFont boldSystemFontOfSize:28];

textLabel.font = [UIFontitalicSystemFontOfSize:28];

// 内容自适应

[textLabel sizeToFit];

textLabel.tag =101;

// 设置文本特殊状态下的显示效果

textLabel.highlightedTextColor = [UIColorredColor];

[self.viewaddSubview:textLabel];

// 测试高亮状态

// [self performSelector:@selector(test:) withObject:textLabel afterDelay:2];

[NSTimerscheduledTimerWithTimeInterval:0.5target:selfselector:@selector(test:)userInfo:nilrepeats:YES];

}

- (void)test:(NSTimer *)timer {

UILabel *textLabel = (UILabel *)[self.viewviewWithTag:101];

textLabel.highlighted = !textLabel.highlighted; // 设置高亮状态

}

- (void)viewDidLoad1 {

[superviewDidLoad];

#pragma mark UIImageView 图像视图

// 作用：显示单个图片，或者一组动画图片

// ----------------- 显示单张图片 ------------------

// 初始化UIImage对象

// 图片拥有 thin.jpeg、thin@2x.jpeg、 thin@3x.jpeg

// 图片倍数可以省略。

// 图片的扩展名，如果是 ".png"可以省略

UIImageView *imgView = [[UIImageViewalloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(35,100, 300,300)];

imgView.backgroundColor = [UIColororangeColor];

imgView.image = [UIImageimageNamed:@"thin.jpeg"];

[self.viewaddSubview:imgView];

// 设置图片内容显示模式

/**

* UIViewContentModeScaleToFill, 拉伸铺满视图

UIViewContentModeScaleAspectFit, 自适应拉伸，不破坏宽高比例

UIViewContentModeScaleAspectFill, 可以超出视图范围，不破环比例

imgView.contentMode =UIViewContentModeTopLeft;

imgView.clipsToBounds =YES;

// 设置图像视图的高亮状态

imgView.highlightedImage = [UIImageimageNamed:@"image"];

#pragma mark UIButton

#warning 自定按钮，设置图片方法的区别

// UI设计师，美工

// 自定义按钮，首先要把按钮的类型设置为 Custom自定义类型

// setBackgroundImage: 会拉伸图片，但是不会影响标题显示

// setImage: 会使用图片的原始大小，但是会干扰标题的显示

UIButton *button = [UIButtonbuttonWithType:UIButtonTypeCustom];

button.frame =CGRectMake(160,10, 60,44);

// 1.设置按钮的标题

// 设置标题的颜色

[button setTitleColor:[UIColorgreenColor] forState:UIControlStateNormal];

[button setTitle:@"正常状态哈哈"forState:UIControlStateNormal]; // 普通

[button setTitle:@"按钮被选中"forState:UIControlStateSelected];// 选中

[button setTitle:@"高亮"forState:UIControlStateHighlighted];// 高亮

[button setTitle:@"失效的"forState:UIControlStateDisabled]; // 失效

// button.enabled = NO; //设置按钮的可用状态，如果设置失效状态，会显示该状态

// button.userInteractionEnabled = NO; //只是不能响应事件，不会改变按钮的显示

[button setImage:[UIImageimageNamed:@"playing_btn_love"]forState:UIControlStateNormal];

[button setImage:[UIImageimageNamed:@"playing_btn_in_myfavor_h"]forState:UIControlStateHighlighted];

[button setImage:[UIImageimageNamed:@"playing_btn_in_myfavor"]forState:UIControlStateSelected];

// 设置背景图片，图片会被拉伸，并且是被标题盖住

[button setBackgroundImage:[UIImageimageNamed:@"playing_btn_love"]forState:UIControlStateNormal];

[button setBackgroundImage:[UIImageimageNamed:@"playing_btn_in_myfavor_h"]forState:UIControlStateHighlighted];

[button setBackgroundImage:[UIImageimageNamed:@"playing_btn_in_myfavor"]forState:UIControlStateSelected];

// 如果出现 unrecognized selector sent to instance异常原因

// 可以查找该是否实现了

[button addTarget:selfaction:@selector(buttonAction:)forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];

[imgView addSubview:button];

// 开启用户事件.如果设置为NO，表示不响应，且视图所有子视图，都无法响应事件

imgView.userInteractionEnabled =YES;

// 添加tag

imgView.tag =110;

// 为按钮添加触摸事件

UIControlEventTouchDown 用户按下手指

UIControlEventTouchDownRepeat 重复按下

UIControlEventTouchDragInside 在内部拖拽

UIControlEventTouchUpInside 用户触摸并且在范围之内抬起手指

UIControlEventTouchCancel 触摸取消：一次没有结束，屏幕失去了焦点

[button addTarget:selfaction:@selector(buttonAction1:)forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];

//设置button的边框

UIButton *btn = [[UIButtonalloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(20,100, 200,30)];

[btn.layersetBorderWidth:1.0];//边框宽度

[btn.layersetBorderColor:[UIColorblackColor].CGColor];//设置边框颜色

[self.viewaddSubview:btn];

}

- (void)buttonAction1:(UIButton *)sender {

// 切换按钮的选中状态

sender.selected = !sender.selected;

}

- (void)buttonAction:(UIButton *)sender {

UIImageView *imageView = (UIImageView *)[self.viewviewWithTag:110];

imageView.highlighted = !imageView.highlighted;

}

#pragma mark - UISlider滑块

- (void)viewDidLoad2 {

[superviewDidLoad];

UISlider *slider = [[UISlideralloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(10,100, 310,200)];

slider.backgroundColor = [UIColororangeColor];

[slider addTarget:selfaction:@selector(sliderAction:)forControlEvents:UIControlEventValueChanged];

[self.viewaddSubview:slider];

// 设置滑块的最小值

slider.minimumValue =0;

// 设置滑块的最大值

slider.maximumValue =100;

// 设置当前值

slider.value =0.5;

// 定制样式

// 设置轨迹颜色

slider.minimumTrackTintColor = [UIColorgreenColor];

slider.maximumTrackTintColor = [UIColororangeColor];

// slider setMaximumTrackImage:<#(UIImage *)#> forState:<#(UIControlState)#>

// slider setMinimumTrackImage:<#(UIImage *)#> forState:<#(UIControlState)#>

// 设置大头针颜色

// [slider setThumbTintColor:[UIColor redColor]];

// 设置大头针图片

[slider setThumbImage:[UIImageimageNamed:@"playing_slider_thumb"]forState:UIControlStateNormal];

[NSTimerscheduledTimerWithTimeInterval:1.0target:selfselector:@selector(timeAction:)userInfo:slider repeats:YES];

}

- (void)timeAction:(NSTimer *)sender {

_index++;

UISlider *slider = sender.userInfo;

// slider.value = _index;

[slider setValue:_indexanimated:YES];

// if (_index == ?) {

// [sender invalidate];

// }

}

- (void)sliderAction:(UISlider *)sender {

// sender.value 默认为 0-1

NSLog(@"value = %f", sender.value);

}

#pragma mark - 属性动画

- (void)testAnimation2 {

// Block语法动画

//1.翻转效果

[UIViewanimateWithDuration:1.0animations:^{

[UIViewsetAnimationTransition:UIViewAnimationTransitionFlipFromLeftforView:_myViewcache:YES];

// 交换两个子视图的层次结构

[_myViewexchangeSubviewAtIndex:0withSubviewAtIndex:1];

}];

//2.view从屏幕外进入到屏幕中

_myView.frame =CGRectMake(0,kScreenHeight, 320,200);

[UIViewanimateWithDuration:0.5animations:^{

_myView.frame =CGRectMake(0,kScreenHeight - 200,320, 200);

}];

}

- (void)testAnimation1 {

// ----------------首尾式动画-------------------//

// 1.标记动画的开始

[UIViewbeginAnimations:nilcontext:nil];

// 2.设置动画的属性

[UIViewsetAnimationDuration:2.0]; // 设置动画的持续时间

[UIViewsetAnimationRepeatCount:100];//动画重复次数

[UIViewsetAnimationRepeatAutoreverses:YES];//重头播放一次

// 3.设置动画执行的操作

_myView.backgroundColor = [UIColorblueColor];

_myView.alpha =0.5;

CGRect frame =_myView.frame;

frame.size.height =300;

_myView.frame = frame;

// 设置翻转效果:只是视觉效果，并不是一个真正立体的事物发生了翻转

[UIViewsetAnimationTransition:UIViewAnimationTransitionFlipFromLeftforView:_myViewcache:YES];

// 交换两个子视图的层次结构

[_myViewexchangeSubviewAtIndex:0withSubviewAtIndex:1];

// 4.标记动画的结尾

[UIViewcommitAnimations];

}

#pragma mark - 设置颜色

-(void)setColor:(UIColor *)color{

// 设置背景颜色 65 174 57

// RGB 256色阶。 0 - 255

// 方法中的取值范围 0.0 - 1.0

// UIColor *fixedColor = [UIColor colorWithRed:65/255.0 green:174/255.0 blue:57/255.0 alpha:1];

UIColor *randColor = [UIColorcolorWithRed:(rand() %10 * 0.1)green:(rand() %10 * 0.1)blue:(rand() %10 * 0.1)alpha:1.0];

color = [UIColorcolorWithWhite:0.5alpha:0.8];

self.myView.backgroundColor = randColor;

//转换16进制颜色

NSString *background_color =@"#e6e6e6";

long red =strtoul([[background_colorsubstringWithRange:NSMakeRange(1,2)]UTF8String],0, 16);

long green =strtoul([[background_colorsubstringWithRange:NSMakeRange(3,2)]UTF8String],0, 16);

long blue =strtoul([[background_colorsubstringWithRange:NSMakeRange(5,2)]UTF8String],0, 16);

// NSLog(@"%ld — %ld —%ld",red ,green ,blue);

self.myView.backgroundColor = [UIColorcolorWithRed:red/255.0f

green:green/255.0f

blue:blue/255.0f

alpha:1.0];

}

#pragma mark - 方法集合

/**

调用一个方法，附带id参数，延迟多少秒触发

[self performSelector:@selector(changeViewHierachy:) withObject:subView1 afterDelay:3.0];

#pragma mark - 搭建界面，九宫格

-(void)setApp{

#define kAppViewW 80

#define kAppViewH 90

#define kColCount 3

#define kStartY 20

// 320 - 3 * 80 = 80 / 4 = 20

CGFloat marginX = (self.view.bounds.size.width - kColCount * kAppViewW) / (kColCount +1);

CGFloat marginY = 10;

for (int i =0; i < 12; i++) {

// 行

// 0, 1, 2 => 0

// 3, 4, 5 => 1

int row = i /kColCount;

// 列

// 0, 3, 6 => 0

// 1, 4, 7 => 1

// 2, 5, 8 => 2

int col = i %kColCount;

CGFloat x = marginX + col * (marginX +kAppViewW);

CGFloat y =kStartY + marginY + row * (marginY +kAppViewH);

UIView *appView = [[UIViewalloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(x, y,kAppViewW, kAppViewH)];

appView.backgroundColor = [UIColorredColor];

[self.viewaddSubview:appView];

}

#pragma mark-遍历字符串

-(void)forinStr{

NSString *newStr =@"AbdcdddccddA00";

NSString *temp =nil;

for(int i =0; i < [newStrlength]; i++)

{

temp = [newStr substringWithRange:NSMakeRange(i,1)];

if ([tempisEqualToString:@"A"]) {

NSLog(@"第%d个字是:%@", i, temp);

}

NSString *str =@"Abdcdddccdd00";

for(int i =0; i < [newStr length]; i++)

{

unichar temp = [strcharacterAtIndex:i];

if (temp =='A') {

NSLog(@"第%d个字符是:%c", i, temp);

}

#pragma mark- 拆分字符串

-(void)breakUpString{

//原始字符串切分

NSString *url=@"http://www.arijasoft.com/givemesomthing.php?a=3434&b=435edsf&c=500";

NSArray *comp1 = [url componentsSeparatedByString:@"?"];

NSString *query = [comp1 lastObject];

NSArray *queryElements = [query componentsSeparatedByString:@"&"];

for (NSString *element in queryElements) {

NSArray *keyVal = [element componentsSeparatedByString:@"="];

if (keyVal.count > 0) {

NSString *variableKey = [keyVal objectAtIndex:0];

NSString *value = (keyVal.count == 2) ? [keyVal lastObject] : nil;

}

//原始字符串切分

//http://172.16.49.224:7087/info/wap/qrcodepay/downloadclient.html?MERC_ID=888009941110054&USR_OPR_NO=1025497115

//MERCID OPRNO

NSString *urlStr=@"http://172.16.49.224:7087/info/wap/qrcodepay/downloadclient.html?MERC_ID=888009941110054&USR_OPR_NO=1025497115";

NSArray *compTemp = [urlStrcomponentsSeparatedByString:@"?"];

NSString *myQuery = [compTemp lastObject];

NSArray *myQueryElements = [myQuerycomponentsSeparatedByString:@"&"];

NSString *MERCIDtemp = [myQueryElementsobjectAtIndex:0];

NSArray *keyVal1 = [MERCIDtemp componentsSeparatedByString:@"="];

NSString *MERCIDStr = [keyVal1 lastObject];

NSString *OPRNOtemp = [myQueryElementslastObject];

NSArray *keyVal2 = [OPRNOtempcomponentsSeparatedByString:@"="];

NSString *OPRNOStr = [keyVal2 lastObject];

//iOS7.0及以后才能用

NSString *myURL = @"http://172.16.49.224:7087/info/wap/qrcodepay/downloadclient.html?MERC_ID=888009941110054&USR_OPR_NO=1025497115";

NSURLComponents *components = [NSURLComponentscomponentsWithString:myURL];

NSNumber *pageOneValue = nil;

NSNumber *pageTwoValue = nil;

for(NSURLQueryItem *itemin components.queryItems)

{

if([item.nameisEqualToString:@"MERC_ID"]){

pageOneValue = [NSNumbernumberWithInteger:item.value.integerValue];

}

if ([item.nameisEqualToString:@"USR_OPR_NO"]){

pageTwoValue = [NSNumbernumberWithInteger:item.value.integerValue];

}

#pragma mark - 创建导航控制器（AppDelegate里面进行的）

rootViewController *roorVC = [[rootViewControlleralloc] init];

UINavigationController *navigationCtrl = [[UINavigationControlleralloc] initWithRootViewController:roorVC];

self.window.rootViewController = navigationCtrl;

#pragma mark - 窗口

/**

* Xcode 6.0 版本之前，空的应用程序模板，没有 main.storyboard主界面，也没有创建好窗口。

* 需要使用这样的纯代码设置，需要删除 main.storyboard， ViewController

* 并且在工程设置里面，修改 Main Interface ->设置为空

// 1.创建了一个window对象，window的大小是手机屏幕的大小

self.window = [[UIWindowalloc] initWithFrame:[UIScreenmainScreen].bounds];

// 设置背景颜色

self.window.backgroundColor = [UIColorwhiteColor];

// 让窗口成为主窗口并且可见。主窗口（能够接收事件的窗口）

[self.windowmakeKeyAndVisible];

#pragma mark - UIView 视图

UIView *baseView = [[UIViewalloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(10,200, 300,200)];

baseView.backgroundColor = [UIColorredColor];

// clipsToBounds 默认为NO。设为YES，会裁剪超出视图边界的内容和子视图

baseView.clipsToBounds =YES;

// 给一个视图对象添加子视图

// self.window 会持有子视图的对象所有权

[self.windowaddSubview:baseView];

// 一般情况下， frame和 Bounds宽高一样。特殊情况？

// Frame得到的位置，是以它的父视图为参照

NSLog(@"frame : %@",NSStringFromCGRect(baseView.frame));

// Bounds得到的位置，是以它本身为参照

NSLog(@"bounds : %@",NSStringFromCGRect(baseView.bounds));

// 中点的位置坐标，是相对于父视图来计算的

NSLog(@"center : %@",NSStringFromCGPoint(baseView.center));

// 改变中点，会改变视图的位置

// baseView.center = CGPointMake(260, 400);

- (void)test:(UIView *)testView {

// viewWithTag: 检索视图树，是否有视图的 tag匹配

UIView *searchView = [testViewviewWithTag:3003];

searchView.backgroundColor = [UIColorcyanColor];

testView.hidden =YES;

// 将一个视图从父视图上移除

[testView removeFromSuperview];

// 获取父视图

UIView *superView = searchView.superview;

// 获取所有的子视图

NSArray *subViews = superView.subviews;

NSLog(@"子视图 : %@", subViews);

}

- (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning {

[superdidReceiveMemoryWarning];

// Dispose of any resources that can be recreated.

}

@end

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