继承与派生

///刚看了继承和派生 感觉懵懵哒~///13.1 简单的基类/*#include <iostream>#include<cstring>using namespace std;class TableTennisPlayer{private:    enum{LIM = 20};    char firstname[LIM];    char lastname[LIM];    bool hasTable;public:    TableTennisPlayer(const char *fn = "none", const char *ln = "none", bool ht = false);    void Name()const;    bool HasTable()const    {        return hasTable;    }    void ResetTable(bool v)    {        hasTable = v;    }};TableTennisPlayer::TableTennisPlayer(const char *fn, const char* ln, bool ht){    strcpy(firstname,fn);    firstname[LIM-1] = '\0';    strcpy(lastname, ln);    lastname[LIM-1] = '\0';    hasTable = ht;}void TableTennisPlayer::Name()const{    cout << lastname << ", " << firstname;}class RatedPlayer: public TableTennisPlayer{private:    unsigned int rating;public:    RatedPlayer(unsigned int r = 0, const char* fn = "none", const char *ln = "none", bool ht = false);    RatedPlayer(unsigned int r,const TableTennisPlayer & tp);    unsigned int Rating()    {        return rating;    }    void ResetRating(unsigned int r)    {        rating = r;    }};RatedPlayer::RatedPlayer(unsigned int r,const char *fn, const char *ln, bool ht): TableTennisPlayer(fn, ln, ht){    rating = r;}RatedPlayer::RatedPlayer(unsigned int r, const TableTennisPlayer & tp):TableTennisPlayer(tp), rating(r){}int main(){    TableTennisPlayer player1("zheng", "zeyun", false);    RatedPlayer rplayer1(1140,"zhang", "ying", true);    rplayer1.Name();    if(rplayer1.HasTable())        cout << ":has a table" << endl;    else        cout << ":hasn't a table" << endl;    player1.Name();    if(player1.HasTable())        cout << ":has a table" << endl;    else        cout << ":hasn't a table" << endl;    cout << "Name: ";    rplayer1.Name();    cout << ";Rating:" << rplayer1.Rating() << endl;    RatedPlayer rplayer2(1440, player1);    cout << "Name: ";    rplayer2.Name();    cout << ";Rating:" << rplayer2.Rating() << endl;    return 0;}*//*ying, zhang:has a tablezeyun, zheng:hasn't a tableName: ying, zhang;Rating:1140Name: zeyun, zheng;Rating:1440Process returned 0 (0x0)   execution time : 6.777 sPress any key to continue.*////13.2派生类和基类之间的特殊关系///13.3继承 is-a关系(is a kind of)///13.4多态共有继承///在两个类中行为相同的方法 只需在基类中声明#include<iostream>#include<cstring>using namespace std;class Brass{private:    enum{MAX = 35};    char fullName[MAX];    long acctNum;    double balance;public:    Brass(const char *s = "Nullbody", long an = -1, double bal = 0.0);    void Deposit(double amt);    virtual void Withdraw(double amt);    double Balance()const;    virtual void ViewAcct()const;    virtual ~Brass(){}};class BrassPlus: public Brass{private:    double maxLoan;    double rate;    double owesBank;public:    BrassPlus(const char *s="Nullbody",long an= -1,double bal = 0.0,double ml = 500, double r = 0.10);    BrassPlus(const Brass & ba, double ml = 500, double r = 0.1);    virtual void ViewAcct()const;    virtual void Withdraw(double amt);    void ResetMax(double m)    {        maxLoan = m;    }    void ResetRate(double r)    {        rate = r;    }    void ResetOwes()    {        owesBank = 0;    }};Brass::Brass(const char *s, long an, double bal){    strncpy(fullName, s, MAX-1);    fullName[MAX-1] = '\0';    acctNum = an;    balance = bal;}void Brass::Deposit(double amt){    if(amt < 0)        cout << "Negative deposit not allowed; " << "deposit is canceled" << endl;    else        balance += amt;}void Brass::Withdraw(double amt){    if(amt < 0)        cout << "Withdrawal amount must be positive; " <<"withdrawal canceled." << endl;    else if(amt <= balance)        balance -= amt;    else        cout << "Withdrawal amount of $" << amt << " exceeds your balance." << endl << "Withdrawal canceled" << endl;}double Brass::Balance()const{    return balance;}void Brass::ViewAcct()const{    cout << "Client: " << fullName << endl;    cout << "Account Number: " << acctNum << endl;    cout << "Balance: $" << balance << endl;}BrassPlus::BrassPlus(const char *s, long an, double bal, double ml, double r):Brass(s, an, bal){    maxLoan = ml;    owesBank = 0.0;    rate = r;}void BrassPlus::ViewAcct()const{    Brass::ViewAcct();    cout << "Maxinum loan: $" << maxLoan << endl;    cout << "Owed to bank: $" << owesBank << endl;    cout << "Loan Rate: " << 100*rate << "%" << endl;}void BrassPlus::Withdraw(double amt){    double bal = Balance();    if(amt <= bal)        Brass::Withdraw(amt);    else if(amt <= bal + maxLoan - owesBank)    {        double advance = amt - bal;        owesBank += advance *(1.0 + rate);        cout << "Bank advance: $" << advance << endl;        cout << "Finance charge: $" << advance * rate << endl;        Deposit(advance);        Brass::Withdraw(amt);    }    else    {        cout << "Credit limit exceeded.Transaction canceled" << endl;    }}int main(){    Brass Piggy("Porcelot Pigg", 381299, 4000.00);    BrassPlus Hoggy("Horatio Hogg", 382288, 3000.00);    Piggy.ViewAcct();    cout << endl;    Hoggy.ViewAcct();    cout << endl;    cout << "Depositing $1000 into the Hogg Account:" << endl;    Hoggy.Deposit(1000);    cout << "New balance: $" << Hoggy.Balance() << endl;    cout << "Withdrawing $4200 from the Pigg Account:" << endl;    Piggy.Withdraw(4200.00);    cout << "Pigg account balance: $" << Piggy.Balance() << endl;    cout << "Withdrawing $4200 from the Hogg Account:" << endl;    Hoggy.Withdraw(4200.00);    Hoggy.ViewAcct();    return 0;}/*Client: Porcelot PiggAccount Number: 381299Balance: $4000Client: Horatio HoggAccount Number: 382288Balance: $3000Maxinum loan: $500Owed to bank: $0Loan Rate: 10%Depositing $1000 into the Hogg Account:New balance: $4000Withdrawing $4200 from the Pigg Account:Withdrawal amount of $4200 exceeds your balance.Withdrawal canceledPigg account balance: $4000Withdrawing $4200 from the Hogg Account:Bank advance: $200Finance charge: $20Client: Horatio HoggAccount Number: 382288Balance: $0Maxinum loan: $500Owed to bank: $220Loan Rate: 10%Process returned 0 (0x0)   execution time : 4.455 sPress any key to continue.*/