JavaScript promise 链,并行promise

来源:互联网 发布:蓝牙耳机推荐 知乎2016 编辑:程序博客网 时间:2024/06/06 00:51

Promise 链

promise 的 then 方法返回一个新的 promise:

const promise = new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, 5000));promise    // 5 seconds later    .then(() => 2)    // returning a value from a then callback will cause    // the new promise to resolve with this value    .then(value => { /* value === 2 */ });

从 then 返回的 promise 将会粘到 promise 链上:

function wait(millis) {    return new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, millis));}const p = wait(5000).then(() => wait(4000)).then(() => wait(1000));p.then(() => { /* 10 seconds have passed */ });

catch 允许恢复一个 rejected 的 promise,类似try/catch中的catch。在 promise 链中的 then,如果在catch 之后,将会用catch中的结果值执行其错误处理代码。

const p = new Promise(resolve => {throw 'oh no'});p.catch(() => 'oh yes').then(console.log.bind(console));  // outputs "oh yes"

如果在链中没有 catch 或者 reject 处理器, 末尾的 catch 将捕捉链中任何的rejection。

p.catch(() => Promise.reject('oh yes'))  .then(console.log.bind(console))      // won't be called  .catch(console.error.bind(console));  // outputs "oh yes"

某种情况下你可能想把拆分函数的执行,你可以通过根据不同的条件返回不同的 promises 来实现。后面在代码中再合并多个函数分开执行的结果:

promise    .then(result => {                  if (result.condition) {            return handlerFn1()                 .then(handlerFn2);        } else if (result.condition2) {            return handlerFn3()                .then(handlerFn4);        } else {            throw new Error("Invalid result");        }    })    .then(handlerFn5)    .catch(err => {        console.error(err);    });

执行顺序就像这样:

promise --> handlerFn1 -> handlerFn2 --> handlerFn5 ~~> .catch()         |                            ^         V                            |         -> handlerFn3 -> handlerFn4 -^            

一个 catch 就能捕捉分支上可能产生的错误了。

并行 promises

Promise.all() 静态方法接受一个可遍历的 promises列表,并返回一个新的 promise,这样就解决了当所有promises都解决了时,或有任何其中一个被rejected了时:

// wait "millis" ms, then resolve with "value"function resolve(millis, value) {    return new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(() => resolve(value), millis));}// wait "millis" ms, then reject with "reason"function reject(millis, reason) {    return new Promise((_, reject) => setTimeout(() => reject(reason), millis));}Promise.all([    resolve(5000, 1),    resolve(6000, 2),    resolve(7000, 3)    ]).then(values => console.log(values)); // outputs "[1, 2, 3]" after 7 seconds.Promise.all([    resolve(5000, 1),    reject(6000, 'Error!'),    resolve(7000, 2)]).then(values => console.log(values)) // does not output anything.catch(reason => console.log(reason)); // outputs "Error!" after 6 seconds

而非 promise 的值是 “promisified”

Promise.all([    resolve(5000, 1),    resolve(6000, 2),    { hello: 3 }]).then(values => console.log(values)); // outputs "[1, 2, { hello: 3 }]" after 6 seconds

分解赋值可以帮助从多个promises中取值:

Promise.all([    resolve(5000, 1),    resolve(6000, 2),    resolve(7000, 3)]).then(([result1, result2, result3]) => {    console.log(result1);    console.log(result2);    console.log(result3);});
0 0
原创粉丝点击