数据库字符集

MySQL 乱码的根源是的 MySQL 字符集设置不当的问题，本文汇总了有关查看 MySQL 字符集的命令。包括查看 MySQL 数据库服务器字符集、查看 MySQL 数据库字符集，以及数据表和字段的字符集、当前安装的 MySQL 所支持的字符集等。

一、查看 MySQL 数据库服务器和数据库字符集。

mysql> show variables like '%char%';+--------------------------+-------------------------------------+------| Variable_name            | Value                               |......+--------------------------+-------------------------------------+------| character_set_client     | utf8                                |......   -- 客户端字符集| character_set_connection | utf8                                |......| character_set_database   | utf8                                |......   -- 数据库字符集| character_set_filesystem | binary                              |......| character_set_results    | utf8                                |......| character_set_server     | utf8                                |......   -- 服务器字符集| character_set_system     | utf8                                |......| character_sets_dir       | D:MySQL Server 5.0sharecharsets |......+--------------------------+-------------------------------------+------

二、查看 MySQL 数据表（table） 的字符集。

mysql> show table status from sqlstudy_db like '%countries%';+-----------+--------+---------+------------+------+-----------------+------| Name      | Engine | Version | Row_format | Rows | Collation       |......+-----------+--------+---------+------------+------+-----------------+------| countries | InnoDB |      10 | Compact    |   11 | utf8_general_ci |......+-----------+--------+---------+------------+------+-----------------+------

三、查看 MySQL 数据列（column）的字符集。

mysql> show full columns from countries;+----------------------+-------------+-----------------+--------| Field                | Type        | Collation       | .......+----------------------+-------------+-----------------+--------| countries_id         | int(11)     | NULL            | .......| countries_name       | varchar(64) | utf8_general_ci | .......| countries_iso_code_2 | char(2)     | utf8_general_ci | .......| countries_iso_code_3 | char(3)     | utf8_general_ci | .......| address_format_id    | int(11)     | NULL            | .......+----------------------+-------------+-----------------+--------

四、查看当前安装的 MySQL 所支持的字符集。

mysql> show charset;mysql> show char set;+----------+-----------------------------+---------------------+--------+| Charset  | Description                 | Default collation   | Maxlen |+----------+-----------------------------+---------------------+--------+| big5     | Big5 Traditional Chinese    | big5_chinese_ci     |      2 || dec8     | DEC West European           | dec8_swedish_ci     |      1 || cp850    | DOS West European           | cp850_general_ci    |      1 || hp8      | HP West European            | hp8_english_ci      |      1 || koi8r    | KOI8-R Relcom Russian       | koi8r_general_ci    |      1 || latin1   | cp1252 West European        | latin1_swedish_ci   |      1 || latin2   | ISO 8859-2 Central European | latin2_general_ci   |      1 || swe7     | 7bit Swedish                | swe7_swedish_ci     |      1 || ascii    | US ASCII                    | ascii_general_ci    |      1 || ujis     | EUC-JP Japanese             | ujis_japanese_ci    |      3 || sjis     | Shift-JIS Japanese          | sjis_japanese_ci    |      2 || hebrew   | ISO 8859-8 Hebrew           | hebrew_general_ci   |      1 || tis620   | TIS620 Thai                 | tis620_thai_ci      |      1 || euckr    | EUC-KR Korean               | euckr_korean_ci     |      2 || koi8u    | KOI8-U Ukrainian            | koi8u_general_ci    |      1 || gb2312   | GB2312 Simplified Chinese   | gb2312_chinese_ci   |      2 || greek    | ISO 8859-7 Greek            | greek_general_ci    |      1 || cp1250   | Windows Central European    | cp1250_general_ci   |      1 || gbk      | GBK Simplified Chinese      | gbk_chinese_ci      |      2 || latin5   | ISO 8859-9 Turkish          | latin5_turkish_ci   |      1 || armscii8 | ARMSCII-8 Armenian          | armscii8_general_ci |      1 || utf8     | UTF-8 Unicode               | utf8_general_ci     |      3 || ucs2     | UCS-2 Unicode               | ucs2_general_ci     |      2 || cp866    | DOS Russian                 | cp866_general_ci    |      1 || keybcs2  | DOS Kamenicky Czech-Slovak  | keybcs2_general_ci  |      1 || macce    | Mac Central European        | macce_general_ci    |      1 || macroman | Mac West European           | macroman_general_ci |      1 || cp852    | DOS Central European        | cp852_general_ci    |      1 || latin7   | ISO 8859-13 Baltic          | latin7_general_ci   |      1 || cp1251   | Windows Cyrillic            | cp1251_general_ci   |      1 || cp1256   | Windows Arabic              | cp1256_general_ci   |      1 || cp1257   | Windows Baltic              | cp1257_general_ci   |      1 || binary   | Binary pseudo charset       | binary              |      1 || geostd8  | GEOSTD8 Georgian            | geostd8_general_ci  |      1 || cp932    | SJIS for Windows Japanese   | cp932_japanese_ci   |      2 || eucjpms  | UJIS for Windows Japanese   | eucjpms_japanese_ci |      3 |+----------+-----------------------------+---------------------+--------+