从头开始学习yii2---5.完善注册接口

关于模型，yii2中有两种模型，一种是model，一种是form类型。不同地方是，form可能有一些表单的独特的字段，如验证码等这些不会被保存到数据库的东西。model是一个对于数据库的映射，form是对input框的映射。
这次我们以frontend/models/SignupForm.php这个路径为例子，增加确认密码和验证码字段。

关于这个主要涉及到一个form类型的模型和视图，frontend/models/SignupForm.php，一些限制都写在rule里面。
几个关键字 unique（唯一），match（正则），captcha（验证码），compare（比较），filter（过滤，可以加trim），具体使用方法可以参考下面这个form

<?phpnamespace frontend\models;use common\models\User;use yii\base\Model;use Yii;/** * Signup form */class SignupForm extends Model{    public $username;    public $email;    public $password;    public $rePassword;    public $verifyCode;    /**     * @inheritdoc     */    public function rules()    {        return [            //写属性的验证规则            ['username', 'filter', 'filter' => 'trim'],            ['username', 'required'],            ['username', 'unique', 'targetClass' => '\common\models\User', 'message' => 'This username has already been taken.'], //检测唯一性 这里是展示用户名的唯一性 targetClass这个是调用数据库模型            ['username', 'string', 'min' => 2, 'max' => 16],            //正则匹配的写法 是match关键字//            ['username', 'match', 'pattern' => '/^[(\x{4E00}-\x{9FA5})a-zA-Z]+[(\x{4E00}-\x{9FA5})a-zA-Z_\d]8$/u','message' => '用户名由字母，汉字，数字，下划线组成，且不能以数字和下划线开头'],            ['email', 'filter', 'filter' => 'trim'],            ['email', 'required'],            ['email', 'email'],            ['email', 'string', 'max' => 16],            ['email', 'unique', 'targetClass' => '\common\models\User', 'message' => 'This email address has already been taken.'],            [['password', 'rePassword'], 'required'],            [['password', 'rePassword'], 'string', 'min' => 6],            ['verifyCode', 'captcha'],//验证码有专门的属性            //比较密码和确认密码是否一致 用compare关键字            ['rePassword','compare', 'compareAttribute' => 'password', 'message' => '两次输入的密码不一致']        ];    }    public function attributeLabels()    {        //这个主要用于这些form表单的字段对应的label的配置        return [            'username' => '用户名',            'email' => '邮箱',            'password' => '密码',            'rePassword' => '重置密码',            'verifyCode' => '验证码',        ];    }    /**     * Signs user up.     *     * @return User|null the saved model or null if saving fails     */    public function signup()    {        if ($this->validate()) {            $user = new User();            $user->username = $this->username;            $user->email = $this->email;            $user->setPassword($this->password);            $user->generateAuthKey();            if ($user->save()) {                return $user;            }        }        return null;    }}

对应的视图文件frontend/views/site/signup.php

<?php/* @var $this yii\web\View *//* @var $form yii\bootstrap\ActiveForm *//* @var $model \frontend\models\SignupForm */use yii\helpers\Html;use yii\bootstrap\ActiveForm;use \yii\captcha\Captcha;$this->title = 'Signup';$this->params['breadcrumbs'][] = $this->title;?><div class="site-signup">    <h1><?= Html::encode($this->title) ?></h1>    <p>Please fill out the following fields to signup:</p>    <div class="row">        <div class="col-lg-5">            <?php $form = ActiveForm::begin(['id' => 'form-signup']); ?>                <?= $form->field($model, 'username') ?>                <?= $form->field($model, 'email') ?>                <?= $form->field($model, 'password')->passwordInput() ?>                <?= $form->field($model, 'rePassword')->passwordInput() ?>                <?= $form->field($model, 'verifyCode')->widget(Captcha::className()) ?>//验证码                <div class="form-group">                    <?= Html::submitButton('Signup', ['class' => 'btn btn-primary', 'name' => 'signup-button']) ?>                </div>            <?php ActiveForm::end(); ?>        </div>    </div></div>