计算日落日出时间算法与代码

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算法：

怎样用经纬度计算日出日落的时间

下面是一种随经纬度变化的日出日落时间计算方法,我成功运用在一智能路灯控制器中,希望对需要的朋友有帮助。

已知：日出日落时太阳的位置h＝-0.833°,要计算地的地理位置,经度Long,纬度G1at,时区zone,UTo为上次计算的日出日落时间,第一次计算时UTo＝180°。

(1)先计算出从格林威治时间公元2000年1月1日到计算日天数days;
(2)计算从格林威治时间公元2000年1月1日到计算日的世纪数t, 则t＝(days+UTo／360)／36525;
(3)计算太阳的平黄径： L=280.460+36000.770×t;
(4)计算太阳的平近点角：G＝357.528+35999.050×t
(5)计算太阳的黄道经度：λ＝L+1.915×sinG+0.020xsin(2G);
(6)计算地球的倾角 ε＝23.4393-0.0130×t;
(7)计算太阳的偏差 δ＝arcsin(sinε×sinλ);
(8)计算格林威治时间的太阳时间角GHA： GHA=UTo-180-1.915×sinG-0.020×sin(2G) +2.466×sin(2λ)-0.053×sin(4λ)
(9)计算修正值e： e=arcos{[ sinh-sin(Glat)sin(δ)]/cos(Glat)cos(δ)}
(10)计算新的日出日落时间：UT＝UTo-(GHA+Long±e); 其中“+”表示计算日出时间,“-”表示计算日落时间;
(11)比较UTo和UT之差的绝对值,如果大于0.1°即0.007小时,把UT作为新的日出日落时间值,重新从第(2)步开始进行迭代计算,如果UTo和UT之差的绝对值小于0.007小时,则UT即为所求的格林威治日出日落时间;
(12)上面的计算以度为单位,即180°=12小时,因此需要转化为以小时表示的时间,再加上所在的时区数Zone,即要计算地的日出日落时间为：T=UT/15+Zone
上面的计算日出日落时间方法适用于小于北纬60°和南纬60°之间的区域,如果计算位置为西半球时,经度Long为负数。

Java代码：

public class SunRiseSet {

private static int[] days_of_month_1={31,28,31,30,31,30,31,31,30,31,30,31};

private static int[] days_of_month_2={31,29,31,30,31,30,31,31,30,31,30,31};

private final static double h= -0.833;//日出日落时太阳的位置

private final static double UTo=180.0;//上次计算的日落日出时间，初始迭代值180.0

//输入日期

//输入经纬度

//判断是否为闰年：若为闰年，返回1；若不是闰年,返回0

public static boolean leap_year(int year){

if(((year%400==0) || (year%100!=0) && (year%4==0))) return true;

else return false;

}

//求从格林威治时间公元2000年1月1日到计算日天数days

public static int days(int year, int month, int date){

int i,a=0;

for(i=2000;i<year;i++){

if(leap_year(i)) a=a+366;

else a=a+365;

}

if(leap_year(year)){

for(i=0;i<month-1;i++){

a=a+days_of_month_2[i];

}

}else {

for(i=0;i<month-1;i++){

a=a+days_of_month_1[i];

}

a=a+date;

return a;

}

//求格林威治时间公元2000年1月1日到计算日的世纪数t

public static double t_century(int days, double UTo){

return ((double)days+UTo/360)/36525;

}

//求太阳的平黄径

public static double L_sun(double t_century){

return (280.460+36000.770*t_century);

}

//求太阳的平近点角

public static double G_sun(double t_century){

return (357.528+35999.050*t_century);

}

//求黄道经度

public static double ecliptic_longitude(double L_sun,double G_sun){

return (L_sun+1.915*Math.sin(G_sun*Math.PI/180)+0.02*Math.sin(2*G_sun*Math.PI/180));

}

//求地球倾角

public static double earth_tilt(double t_century){

return (23.4393-0.0130*t_century);

}

//求太阳偏差

public static double sun_deviation(double earth_tilt,double ecliptic_longitude){

return (180/Math.PI*Math.asin(Math.sin(Math.PI/180*earth_tilt)*Math.sin(Math.PI/180*ecliptic_longitude)));

}

//求格林威治时间的太阳时间角GHA

public static double GHA(double UTo,double G_sun,double ecliptic_longitude){

return (UTo-180-1.915*Math.sin(G_sun*Math.PI/180)-0.02*Math.sin(2*G_sun*Math.PI/180)+2.466*Math.sin(2*ecliptic_longitude*Math.PI/180)-0.053*Math.sin(4*ecliptic_longitude*Math.PI/180));

}

//求修正值e

public static double e(double h,double glat,double sun_deviation){

return 180/Math.PI*Math.acos((Math.sin(h*Math.PI/180)-Math.sin(glat*Math.PI/180)*Math.sin(sun_deviation*Math.PI/180))/(Math.cos(glat*Math.PI/180)*Math.cos(sun_deviation*Math.PI/180)));

}

//求日出时间

public static double UT_rise(double UTo,double GHA,double glong,double e){

return (UTo-(GHA+glong+e));

}

//求日落时间

public static double UT_set(double UTo,double GHA,double glong,double e){

return (UTo-(GHA+glong-e));

}

//判断并返回结果（日出）

public static double result_rise(double UT,double UTo,double glong, double glat, int year, int month, int date){

double d;

if(UT>=UTo) d=UT-UTo;

else d=UTo-UT;

if(d>=0.1) {

UTo=UT;

UT=UT_rise(UTo,

GHA(UTo,G_sun(t_century(days(year,month,date),UTo)),

ecliptic_longitude(L_sun(t_century(days(year,month,date),UTo)),

G_sun(t_century(days(year,month,date),UTo)))),

glong,

e(h,glat,sun_deviation(earth_tilt(t_century(days(year,month,date),UTo)),

ecliptic_longitude(L_sun(t_century(days(year,month,date),UTo)),

G_sun(t_century(days(year,month,date),UTo))))));

result_rise(UT,UTo,glong,glat,year,month,date);

}

return UT;

}

//判断并返回结果（日落）

public static double result_set(double UT,double UTo,double glong,double glat, int year, int month, int date){

double d;

if(UT>=UTo) d=UT-UTo;

else d=UTo-UT;

if(d>=0.1){

UTo=UT;

UT=UT_set(UTo,

GHA(UTo,G_sun(t_century(days(year,month,date),UTo)),

ecliptic_longitude(L_sun(t_century(days(year,month,date),UTo)),

G_sun(t_century(days(year,month,date),UTo)))),

glong,

e(h,glat,sun_deviation(earth_tilt(t_century(days(year,month,date),UTo)),

ecliptic_longitude(L_sun(t_century(days(year,month,date),UTo)),

G_sun(t_century(days(year,month,date),UTo))))));

result_set(UT,UTo,glong,glat,year,month,date);

}

return UT;

}

//求时区

public static int Zone(double glong){

if(glong>=0) return (int)((int)(glong/15.0)+1);

else return (int)((int)(glong/15.0)-1);

}

//打印结果

// public static void output(double rise, double set, double glong){

// if((int)(60*(rise/15+Zone(glong)-(int)(rise/15+Zone(glong))))<10)

// System.out.println("The time at which the sunrise is: "+(int)(rise/15+Zone(glong))+":"+(int)(60*(rise/15+Zone(glong)-(int)(rise/15+Zone(glong))))+" .\n");

// else System.out.println("The time at which the sunrise is: "+(int)(rise/15+Zone(glong))+":"+(int)(60*(rise/15+Zone(glong)-(int)(rise/15+Zone(glong))))+" .\n");

// if((int)(60*(set/15+Zone(glong)-(int)(set/15+Zone(glong))))<10)

// System.out.println("The time at which the sunset is: "+(int)(set/15+Zone(glong))+": "+(int)(60*(set/15+Zone(glong)-(int)(set/15+Zone(glong))))+" .\n");

// else System.out.println("The time at which the sunset is: "+(int)(set/15+Zone(glong))+":"+(int)(60*(set/15+Zone(glong)-(int)(set/15+Zone(glong))))+" .\n");

// }

public static String getSunrise(GeoPoint geoPoint,Time sunTime){

double sunrise,glong,glat;

int year,month,date;

year=sunTime.year;

month=sunTime.month;

date=sunTime.monthDay;

glong=geoPoint.getLongitude();

glat=geoPoint.getLatitude();

sunrise=result_rise(UT_rise(UTo,

GHA(UTo,G_sun(t_century(days(year,month,date),UTo)),

ecliptic_longitude(L_sun(t_century(days(year,month,date),UTo)),

G_sun(t_century(days(year,month,date),UTo)))),

glong,

e(h,glat,sun_deviation(earth_tilt(t_century(days(year,month,date),UTo)),

ecliptic_longitude(L_sun(t_century(days(year,month,date),UTo)),

G_sun(t_century(days(year,month,date),UTo)))))),UTo,glong,glat,year,month,date);

//System.out.println("Sunrise is: "+(int)(sunrise/15+Zone(glong))+":"+(int)(60*(sunrise/15+Zone(glong)-(int)(sunrise/15+Zone(glong))))+" .\n");

Log.d("Sunrise", "Sunrise is: "+(int)(sunrise/15+8)+":"+(int)(60*(sunrise/15+8-(int)(sunrise/15+8)))+" .\n");

//return "Sunrise is: "+(int)(sunrise/15+Zone(glong))+":"+(int)(60*(sunrise/15+Zone(glong)-(int)(sunrise/15+Zone(glong))))+" .\n";

return "Sunrise is: "+(int)(sunrise/15+8)+":"+(int)(60*(sunrise/15+8-(int)(sunrise/15+8)))+" .\n";

}

public static String getSunset(GeoPoint geoPoint,Time sunTime){

double sunset,glong,glat;

int year,month,date;

year=sunTime.year;

month=sunTime.month;

date=sunTime.monthDay;

glong=geoPoint.getLongitude();

glat=geoPoint.getLatitude();

sunset=result_set(UT_set(UTo,

GHA(UTo,G_sun(t_century(days(year,month,date),UTo)),

ecliptic_longitude(L_sun(t_century(days(year,month,date),UTo)),

G_sun(t_century(days(year,month,date),UTo)))),

glong,

e(h,glat,sun_deviation(earth_tilt(t_century(days(year,month,date),UTo)),

ecliptic_longitude(L_sun(t_century(days(year,month,date),UTo)),

G_sun(t_century(days(year,month,date),UTo)))))),UTo,glong,glat,year,month,date);

//System.out.println("The time at which the sunset is: "+(int)(sunset/15+Zone(glong))+":"+(int)(60*(sunset/15+Zone(glong)-(int)(sunset/15+Zone(glong))))+" .\n");

Log.d("Sunset", "Sunset is: "+(int)(sunset/15+8)+":"+(int)(60*(sunset/15+8-(int)(sunset/15+8)))+" .\n");

//return "Sunset is: "+(int)(sunset/15+Zone(glong))+":"+(int)(60*(sunset/15+Zone(glong)-(int)(sunset/15+Zone(glong))))+" .\n";

return "Sunset is: "+(int)(sunset/15+8)+":"+(int)(60*(sunset/15+8-(int)(sunset/15+8)))+" .\n";

}

//SunRiseSet.getSunRise(GeoPoint geoPoint,Time sunTime),SunRiseSet.getSunSet(GeoPoint geoPoint,Time sunTime)算出的是北京时间下各地区日出日落时间表，计算当地时间的话，把时区8改为Zone(glong)即可。GeoPoint类是地理位置坐标点类，构造器输入是经纬度。

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