判断多边形与多边形是否相交的方法，代码来自于OpenLayers。
来源：互联网 发布：德国类似淘宝 编辑：程序博客网 时间：2024/06/06 13:20
在做GIS开发时，常常需要用到空间判断的算法。比如：判断地图中的多边形与多边形是否相交。我在项目中具体的需求就是如此，需要过滤某个区域的瓦片地图。先把瓦片地图反向解析成Envolope，然后和该区域进行比对，再做其他处理。
其实在已经有开源的东西GDAL+GEOS可以使用，由于编译(nmake)GEOS对于C#程序员是一件不容易的事情。因为GEOS是C++实现的，网上虽然有别人已经编译好的DLL和LIB，但是始终不能引入到ASP.NET的项目中。没时间继续研究怎么把GEOS应用到C#项目中了，就选择了开源的JS框架OpenLayers。
OpenLayers中确实有我需要的几何判断的方法，所以就把它的代码剥离成一个JavaScript的函数。发博，以供有类似需求的童鞋使用。
<!DOCTYPE html><html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, user-scalable=0"> <meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes"> <title>Polygon intersect Polygon validate Example</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="http://openlayers.org/dev/theme/default/style.css" type="text/css"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="http://openlayers.org/dev/examples/style.css" type="text/css"> <script src="http://openlayers.org/dev/OpenLayers.js"></script> <script src="intersectPolygon.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> var map, vectors, controls; function init(){ map = new OpenLayers.Map('map'); var wms = new OpenLayers.Layer.WMS( "OpenLayers WMS", "http://vmap0.tiles.osgeo.org/wms/vmap0?", {layers: 'basic'}); // allow testing of specific renderers via "?renderer=Canvas", etc var renderer = OpenLayers.Util.getParameters(window.location.href).renderer; renderer = (renderer) ? [renderer] : OpenLayers.Layer.Vector.prototype.renderers; vectors = new OpenLayers.Layer.Vector("Vector Layer", { renderers: renderer }); map.addLayers([wms, vectors]); map.addControl(new OpenLayers.Control.LayerSwitcher()); map.addControl(new OpenLayers.Control.MousePosition()); controls = { point: new OpenLayers.Control.DrawFeature(vectors, OpenLayers.Handler.Point), line: new OpenLayers.Control.DrawFeature(vectors, OpenLayers.Handler.Path), polygon: new OpenLayers.Control.DrawFeature(vectors, OpenLayers.Handler.Polygon), drag: new OpenLayers.Control.DragFeature(vectors) }; for(var key in controls) { map.addControl(controls[key]); } map.setCenter(new OpenLayers.LonLat(0, 0), 3); controls.polygon.activate(); } // get polygon rings function getRings (index) { var features = map.layers[1].features; var polygon1 = features[index]; var cpts = polygon1.geometry.components; var ret=[]; for (var i = 0; i < cpts.length; i++) { var linearRings = cpts[i].components; for (var j = 0; j < linearRings.length; j++) { var point = linearRings[j]; ret.push({x:point.x, y:point.y}); }; }; return ret; } function clearPolygon () { var features = map.layers[1].features; for (var i = features.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) { features[i].destroy(); }; } function main(){ try{ var r1 = getRings(0); var r2 = getRings(1); var flag = intersectsPolygonAndPolygon(r1, r2); alert("两个面的相交情况为："+flag); }catch(ex){ alert('请先绘制两个面，点击test按钮，验证是否相交！'); } } </script> </head> <body onload="init()"> <h1 id="title">Polygon intersect Polygon validate Example</h1> <div id="map" class="smallmap"></div> <div id="controls"> <input type="button" value="clear" onclick="clearPolygon();"> <input type="button" value="test" onclick="main();"> </div> </body></html>
//#region 验证两个面是否相交的算法function intersectsPolygonAndPolygon (polygon1LinearRings, polygon2LinearRings) { // polygon1LinearRings : array[LinearRing,...] function intersectsByPolygon (polygon1LinearRings, polygon2LinearRings) { var intersect = false; intersect = intersectsByLinearRings(polygon1LinearRings, polygon2LinearRings); if(!intersect) { // check if this poly contains points of the ring/linestring for(i=0, len=polygon2LinearRings.length; i<len; ++i) { var point = polygon2LinearRings[i]; intersect = containsPointByLinearRing(point, polygon1LinearRings); if(intersect) { break; } } } return intersect; } // LinearRings function containsPointByPolygon (point, LinearRings) { var numRings = LinearRings.length; var contained = false; if(numRings > 0) { contained = containsPointByLinearRing(point, LinearRings[0]); if( numRings > 1) { // check interior rings var hole; for(var i=1; i<numRings; ++i) { hole = containsPointByLinearRing(point, LinearRings[i]); if(hole) { if(hole === 1) { // on edge contained = 1; } else { // in hole contained = false; } break; } } } } return contained; } // LinearRing : array[pt] // point : {x:1,y:2} function containsPointByLinearRing (point, LinearRing) { //limitSigDigs function approx(num, sig) { var fig = 0; if (sig > 0) { fig = parseFloat(num.toPrecision(sig)); } return fig; } var digs = 14; var px = approx(point.x, digs); var py = approx(point.y, digs); function getX(y, x1, y1, x2, y2) { return (y - y2) * ((x2 - x1) / (y2 - y1)) + x2; } var numSeg = LinearRing.length - 1; var start, end, x1, y1, x2, y2, cx, cy; var crosses = 0; for(var i=0; i<numSeg; ++i) { start = LinearRing[i]; x1 = approx(start.x, digs); y1 = approx(start.y, digs); end = LinearRing[i + 1]; x2 = approx(end.x, digs); y2 = approx(end.y, digs); if(y1 == y2) { // horizontal edge if(py == y1) { // point on horizontal line if(x1 <= x2 && (px >= x1 && px <= x2) || // right or vert x1 >= x2 && (px <= x1 && px >= x2)) { // left or vert // point on edge crosses = -1; break; } } // ignore other horizontal edges continue; } cx = approx(getX(py, x1, y1, x2, y2), digs); if(cx == px) { // point on line if(y1 < y2 && (py >= y1 && py <= y2) || // upward y1 > y2 && (py <= y1 && py >= y2)) { // downward // point on edge crosses = -1; break; } } if(cx <= px) { // no crossing to the right continue; } if(x1 != x2 && (cx < Math.min(x1, x2) || cx > Math.max(x1, x2))) { // no crossing continue; } if(y1 < y2 && (py >= y1 && py < y2) || // upward y1 > y2 && (py < y1 && py >= y2)) { // downward ++crosses; } } var contained = (crosses == -1) ? // on edge 1 : // even (out) or odd (in) !!(crosses & 1); return contained; } function intersectsByLinearRings (LinearRing1, LinearRings2) { var intersect = false; var segs1 = getSortedSegments(LinearRing1); var segs2 = getSortedSegments(LinearRings2); var seg1, seg1x1, seg1x2, seg1y1, seg1y2, seg2, seg2y1, seg2y2; // sweep right outer: for(var i=0, len=segs1.length; i<len; ++i) { seg1 = segs1[i]; seg1x1 = seg1.x1; seg1x2 = seg1.x2; seg1y1 = seg1.y1; seg1y2 = seg1.y2; inner: for(var j=0, jlen=segs2.length; j<jlen; ++j) { seg2 = segs2[j]; if(seg2.x1 > seg1x2) { // seg1 still left of seg2 break; } if(seg2.x2 < seg1x1) { // seg2 still left of seg1 continue; } seg2y1 = seg2.y1; seg2y2 = seg2.y2; if(Math.min(seg2y1, seg2y2) > Math.max(seg1y1, seg1y2)) { // seg2 above seg1 continue; } if(Math.max(seg2y1, seg2y2) < Math.min(seg1y1, seg1y2)) { // seg2 below seg1 continue; } if(segmentsIntersect(seg1, seg2)) { intersect = true; break outer; } } } return intersect; } function getSortedSegments(points) { var numSeg = points.length - 1; var segments = new Array(numSeg), point1, point2; for(var i=0; i<numSeg; ++i) { point1 = points[i]; point2 = points[i + 1]; if(point1.x < point2.x) { segments[i] = { x1: point1.x, y1: point1.y, x2: point2.x, y2: point2.y }; } else { segments[i] = { x1: point2.x, y1: point2.y, x2: point1.x, y2: point1.y }; } } // more efficient to define this somewhere static function byX1(seg1, seg2) { return seg1.x1 - seg2.x1; } return segments.sort(byX1); } function segmentsIntersect(seg1, seg2, options) { var point = options && options.point; var tolerance = options && options.tolerance; var intersection = false; var x11_21 = seg1.x1 - seg2.x1; var y11_21 = seg1.y1 - seg2.y1; var x12_11 = seg1.x2 - seg1.x1; var y12_11 = seg1.y2 - seg1.y1; var y22_21 = seg2.y2 - seg2.y1; var x22_21 = seg2.x2 - seg2.x1; var d = (y22_21 * x12_11) - (x22_21 * y12_11); var n1 = (x22_21 * y11_21) - (y22_21 * x11_21); var n2 = (x12_11 * y11_21) - (y12_11 * x11_21); if(d == 0) { // parallel if(n1 == 0 && n2 == 0) { // coincident intersection = true; } } else { var along1 = n1 / d; var along2 = n2 / d; if(along1 >= 0 && along1 <= 1 && along2 >=0 && along2 <= 1) { // intersect if(!point) { intersection = true; } else { // calculate the intersection point var x = seg1.x1 + (along1 * x12_11); var y = seg1.y1 + (along1 * y12_11); intersection = { 'x':x, 'y':y }; } } } if(tolerance) { var dist; if(intersection) { if(point) { var segs = [seg1, seg2]; var seg, x, y; // check segment endpoints for proximity to intersection // set intersection to first endpoint within the tolerance outer: for(var i=0; i<2; ++i) { seg = segs[i]; for(var j=1; j<3; ++j) { x = seg["x" + j]; y = seg["y" + j]; dist = Math.sqrt( Math.pow(x - intersection.x, 2) + Math.pow(y - intersection.y, 2) ); if(dist < tolerance) { intersection.x = x; intersection.y = y; break outer; } } } } } else { // no calculated intersection, but segments could be within // the tolerance of one another var segs = [seg1, seg2]; var source, target, x, y, p, result; // check segment endpoints for proximity to intersection // set intersection to first endpoint within the tolerance outer: for(var i=0; i<2; ++i) { source = segs[i]; target = segs[(i+1)%2]; for(var j=1; j<3; ++j) { p = {x: source["x"+j], y: source["y"+j]}; result = distanceToSegment(p, target); if(result.distance < tolerance) { if(point) { intersection = { 'x':p.x, 'y':p.y }; } else { intersection = true; } break outer; } } } } } return intersection; }; function distanceToSegment(point, segment) { var result = distanceSquaredToSegment(point, segment); result.distance = Math.sqrt(result.distance); return result; }; function distanceSquaredToSegment(point, segment) { var x0 = point.x; var y0 = point.y; var x1 = segment.x1; var y1 = segment.y1; var x2 = segment.x2; var y2 = segment.y2; var dx = x2 - x1; var dy = y2 - y1; var along = ((dx * (x0 - x1)) + (dy * (y0 - y1))) / (Math.pow(dx, 2) + Math.pow(dy, 2)); var x, y; if(along <= 0.0) { x = x1; y = y1; } else if(along >= 1.0) { x = x2; y = y2; } else { x = x1 + along * dx; y = y1 + along * dy; } return { distance: Math.pow(x - x0, 2) + Math.pow(y - y0, 2), x: x, y: y, along: along }; } return intersectsByPolygon(polygon1LinearRings, polygon2LinearRings);}//#endregion
[图1] 相交的情况。
[图2] 不相交的情况。
本示例采用HTML+JAVASCRIPT编写，如需要源码请点击 例子 下载。
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