Android计步器的实现（1）

来源：互联网发布：sql联合主键语句编辑：程序博客网时间：2024/06/08 12:00

最近项目中要加一个计步器的功能，Github上搜索一堆，都是bug漫天飞（微信也有bug^_^，关于bug的原因有：异常开关机、调整手机时间、正常开关机、跨天问题，这几种原因复合在一起更容易造成计步数异常），只好自己实现一个；下面开始正文：

计步器原理

实现计步器几步一般有2种方法：1.利用加速传感器，通过计算二次波峰来确定每一步，这种方法误差比较大，但普适性好；2.利用Android4.4之后的Sensor.TYPE_STEP_DETECTOR来计步，缺点是这个传感器只有4.4以后的版本才能使用而且手机要有三轴陀螺仪，限制比较大，鉴于微信运动也是使用的第二种方法，这里也放弃第一种方法的使用。（备注：可以找个方法一的算法对接到方法二上，因为Android自带的计步器太简陋了，一切都需要自己实现，这个下文有说明）

关于TYPE_STEP_DETECTOR

通过TYPE_STEP_DETECTOR传感器我们只能获得2个数据：1.时间戳（这个在开关机面前就废了，不做考虑）；2.从上次开机到现在的总步数（总步数会在开关机时清零），对，只是总步数……这样就不能确定某一天的步数了。

说明

说明就是这么突然^_^关于跨天很多童鞋会想到Date_Changed这个系统广播，然而该广播不可信任，原因：该广播只会发出一次，如：用户往后调整过时间，并在00:00（记此时为t）发送过该天的广播，那么当用户再次将时间拨回到正常时间时，再次经过t时刻，系统不会发送Date_Changed广播；另外，开机广播也不可信任，原因：部分手机厂商会屏蔽掉该广播。

代码结构

as被玩坏了，现在截不了图，直接用这个，毕竟代码不多：

这里写图片描述

实现步骤

1.计步器步数数据库的实现

关于数据库这里没有使用第三方框架，已接入第三方框架的童鞋，请自行修改。数据库结构如下：

这里写图片描述

date：时间戳，表明是哪一天的数据steps：修正步数，非真实步数，下面会解释（已DES加密）sensor：修正传感器步数（该值非负，只有off为1或插入新数据时才为0），和上一天       的sensor及off的状态有关（已des加密），之所以用修正结果，是为了监听异常关机off：手机是否正常关机，1表示正常关机，0表示未关机，请无视这么命名，这得改啊数据库操作代码：

/** * 这里为了方便查看数据创建了2个表格一个DES加密，一个未加密，根据需要  自行修改 */public class Database extends SQLiteOpenHelper {    private final static String DB_NAME = "steps";    private final static String DB_NAME_ENCRYPT = "steps_encrypt";    private final static int DB_VERSION = 1;    private static Database instance;    private static final AtomicInteger openCounter = new AtomicInteger();    private Database(final Context context) {        super(context, DB_NAME, null, DB_VERSION);    }    public static synchronized Database getInstance(final Context c) {        if (instance == null) {            instance = new Database(c.getApplicationContext());        }        openCounter.incrementAndGet();        return instance;    }    @Override    public void close() {        if (openCounter.decrementAndGet() == 0) {            super.close();        }    }    /**     * date : 计步的日期     * steps : 开关机后存储的步数     * sensor : 虚拟传感器的步数（非真实值，和上一天是否关机有关），计步器传感器每次变化都会触发     * off : 是否关机过，默认false(0)；关机时置为true(1)，待计步服务开启后将当天的off置为false(0) ；     *     * @param db     */    @Override    public void onCreate(final SQLiteDatabase db) {        db.execSQL("CREATE TABLE " + DB_NAME + " (date INTEGER, steps INTEGER , sensor INTEGER , off INTEGER)");        db.execSQL("CREATE TABLE " + DB_NAME_ENCRYPT + " (date INTEGER, steps TEXT , sensor TEXT , off INTEGER)");    }    @Override    public void onUpgrade(final SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {        // 关于升级数据库，暂时不处理    }    /**     * Query the 'steps' table. Remember to close the cursor!     *     * @param columns       the colums     * @param selection     the selection     * @param selectionArgs the selction arguments     * @param groupBy       the group by statement     * @param having        the having statement     * @param orderBy       the order by statement     * @return the cursor     */    public Cursor query(final String[] columns, final String selection,                        final String[] selectionArgs, final String groupBy, final String having,                        final String orderBy, final String limit) {        return getReadableDatabase()                .query(DB_NAME, columns, selection, selectionArgs, groupBy, having, orderBy, limit);    }    /**     * 插入新的数据     *     * @param date     * @param steps     * @param correctSensorSteps 需要根据上一天的开关机判断     * @param off     */    public void insertNewDay(long date, int steps, int correctSensorSteps, int off) {        getWritableDatabase().beginTransaction();        try {            ContentValues values = new ContentValues();            values.put("date", date);            values.put("steps", steps);            values.put("sensor", correctSensorSteps);            values.put("off", off);            getWritableDatabase().insert(DB_NAME, null, values);            getWritableDatabase().setTransactionSuccessful();        } finally {            getWritableDatabase().endTransaction();        }        insertNewDayEncrypt(date , steps , correctSensorSteps , off);    }    public void insertNewDayEncrypt(long date, int steps, int correctSensorSteps, int off) {        getWritableDatabase().beginTransaction();        try {            ContentValues values = new ContentValues();            values.put("date", date);            values.put("steps", DesTool.encrypt(steps + "" ));            values.put("sensor", DesTool.encrypt(correctSensorSteps + "" ));            values.put("off", off);            getWritableDatabase().insert(DB_NAME_ENCRYPT , null, values);            getWritableDatabase().setTransactionSuccessful();        } finally {            getWritableDatabase().endTransaction();        }    }    /**     * 更新steps(关机、插入新数据、异常关机、数据异常时才会调用)     *     * @param date     * @param correctSensorSteps 应该传的传感器数值，不一定为读取到的传感器数值     */    public void updateSteps(long date, int correctSensorSteps) {        Cursor c = getReadableDatabase().query(DB_NAME, new String[]{"date"}, "date = ?",                new String[]{String.valueOf(date)}, null, null, null);        c.moveToFirst();        if (c.getCount() == 0) {            // 没有记录,说明之前传感器没有动，所以一概为0 （sensor在计步传感器发生改变时会改变，            // 此时为0，是为了区别计步器是否监听到了运动，为0显然传感器没有改变）；off传1是因为:            // 当天的会在启动监听计步的服务时置为0，如果前一天没数据置为1视为关机状态，便于逻辑的实现            insertNewDay(date, 0, 0, 1);        } else {            getWritableDatabase().execSQL(                    "UPDATE " + DB_NAME + " SET steps = steps + " + correctSensorSteps + " WHERE date = " + date);        }        c.close();        updateStepsEncrypt(date , correctSensorSteps);    }    public void updateStepsEncrypt(long date, int correctSensorSteps) {        Cursor c = getReadableDatabase().query(DB_NAME_ENCRYPT , new String[]{"date"}, "date = ?",                new String[]{String.valueOf(date)}, null, null, null);        c.moveToFirst();        if (c.getCount() == 0) {            // 同上            insertNewDayEncrypt(date, 0, 0, 1);        } else {            int steps = 0 ;            try{                steps = Integer.parseInt(DesTool.decrypt(getStepsEncrypt(date))) ;            }catch (Exception e){            }            getWritableDatabase().execSQL(                    "UPDATE " + DB_NAME_ENCRYPT + " SET steps = \"" + DesTool.encrypt((steps + correctSensorSteps) + "") + "\" WHERE date = " + date);        }        c.close();    }    /**     * @param date the date in millis since 1970     * @return steps的值     */    public int getSteps(long date) {        Cursor c = getReadableDatabase().query(DB_NAME, new String[]{"steps"}, "date = ?",                new String[]{String.valueOf(date)}, null, null, null);        c.moveToFirst();        int re = 0;        if (c.getCount() == 0) {        } else {            re = c.getInt(0);        }        return re;    }    public String getStepsEncrypt(long date) {        Cursor c = getReadableDatabase().query(DB_NAME_ENCRYPT , new String[]{"steps"}, "date = ?",                new String[]{String.valueOf(date)}, null, null, null);        c.moveToFirst();        String re = null ;        if (c.getCount() == 0) {            re = "" ;        } else {            re = c.getString(0);            if(null == re){                re = "" ;            }        }        c.close();        return re;    }    /**     * 更新某一天（date）的传感器步数（sensor）     *     * @param date               所属的时间，in millis since 1970     * @param correctSensorSteps     */    public void updateSensorSteps(long date, int correctSensorSteps) {        Cursor c = getReadableDatabase().query(DB_NAME, new String[]{"date"}, "date = ?",                new String[]{String.valueOf(date)}, null, null, null);        c.moveToFirst();        if (c.getCount() == 0) {            // 没有记录，这一行执行不到，因为更新sensor的操作总在其他getXXX之后执行            insertNewDay(date, 0, correctSensorSteps, 0);        } else {            getWritableDatabase().execSQL(                    "UPDATE " + DB_NAME + " SET sensor = " + correctSensorSteps + " WHERE date = " + date);        }        c.close();        updateSensorStepsEncrypt(date , correctSensorSteps);    }    public void updateSensorStepsEncrypt(long date, int correctSensorSteps) {        Cursor c = getReadableDatabase().query(DB_NAME_ENCRYPT, new String[]{"date"}, "date = ?",                new String[]{String.valueOf(date)}, null, null, null);        c.moveToFirst();        if (c.getCount() == 0) {            // 没有记录            insertNewDayEncrypt(date, 0, correctSensorSteps, 0);        } else {            getWritableDatabase().execSQL(                    "UPDATE " + DB_NAME_ENCRYPT + " SET sensor = \"" + DesTool.encrypt(correctSensorSteps + "") + "\" WHERE date = " + date);        }        c.close();    }    /**     * @param date the date in millis since 1970     * @return 存储的传感器的步数     */    public int getSensorSteps(long date) {        Cursor c = getReadableDatabase().query(DB_NAME, new String[]{"sensor"}, "date = ?",                new String[]{String.valueOf(date)}, null, null, null);        c.moveToFirst();        int re;        if (c.getCount() == 0) {            re = 0;        } else {            re = c.getInt(0);        }        c.close();        return re;    }    public String getSensorStepsEncrypt(long date) {        Cursor c = getReadableDatabase().query(DB_NAME_ENCRYPT, new String[]{"sensor"}, "date = ?",                new String[]{String.valueOf(date)}, null, null, null);        c.moveToFirst();        String re = null ;        if (c.getCount() == 0) {            re = "" ;        } else {            re = c.getString(0);            if(null == re){                re = "" ;            }        }        c.close();        return re;    }    /**     * 更新off的状态     *     * @param date     * @param offStatus     */    public void updateOffStatus(long date, int offStatus) {        Cursor c = getReadableDatabase().query(DB_NAME, new String[]{"date"}, "date = ?",                new String[]{String.valueOf(date)}, null, null, null);        c.moveToFirst();        if (c.getCount() == 0) {            // 同上            insertNewDay(date, 0 , 0 , offStatus);        }else {            getWritableDatabase().execSQL(                    "UPDATE " + DB_NAME + " SET off = " + offStatus + " WHERE date = " + date);        }        c.close();        updateOffStatusEncrypt(date , offStatus) ;    }    public void updateOffStatusEncrypt(long date, int offStatus) {        Cursor c = getReadableDatabase().query(DB_NAME_ENCRYPT , new String[]{"date"}, "date = ?",                new String[]{String.valueOf(date)}, null, null, null);        c.moveToFirst();        if (c.getCount() == 0) {            // 没有记录,同上            insertNewDay(date, 0 , 0 , offStatus);        }else {            getWritableDatabase().execSQL(                    "UPDATE " + DB_NAME_ENCRYPT + " SET off = " + offStatus + " WHERE date = " + date);        }        c.close();    }    /**     * 得到off的值 0 = false ; 1 = true ;     *     * @param date     * @return     */    public int getOffStatus(long date) {        Cursor c = getReadableDatabase().query(DB_NAME, new String[]{"off"}, "date = ?",                new String[]{String.valueOf(date)}, null, null, null);        c.moveToFirst();        int hasOffed = 0;        if (c.getCount() == 0) {        } else {            hasOffed = c.getInt(0);        }        c.close();        return hasOffed;    }    public int getOffStatusEncypt(long date) {        Cursor c = getReadableDatabase().query(DB_NAME_ENCRYPT, new String[]{"off"}, "date = ?",                new String[]{String.valueOf(date)}, null, null, null);        c.moveToFirst();        int hasOffed = 0;        if (c.getCount() == 0) {        } else {            hasOffed = c.getInt(0);        }        c.close();        return hasOffed;    }    /**     * 用于关机时修改整个数据库（所以数据库中内容不宜过多，要定期清理，清理方法暂时略过）     */    public void updateAll() {        getWritableDatabase().execSQL(                "UPDATE " + DB_NAME + " SET off = 1,steps = steps + sensor,sensor = 0");        updateAllEncrypt() ;    }    public void updateAllEncrypt() {        Cursor c = getReadableDatabase().query(DB_NAME_ENCRYPT , new String[]{"date"}, "date > ?",                new String[]{String.valueOf(1)}, null, null, null);        if (c.getCount() == 0) {            // 没有记录,说明之前传感器没有动,不进行任何操作        } else {            while (c.moveToNext()){                long date = c.getLong(0) ;                int steps = getSteps(date) ;                int sensor = getSensorSteps(date) ;                getWritableDatabase().execSQL(                        "UPDATE " + DB_NAME_ENCRYPT + " SET off = 1,steps = \"" + DesTool.encrypt((steps + sensor) + "")                                + "\",sensor = \"" + DesTool.encrypt("0") + "\" WHERE date = " + date);            }        }        c.close();    }}

这一篇够长了，看着累，转下一篇：

Android计步器的实现（2）

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