CentOS7 Minimal安装MariaDB

本文介绍如何在CentOS minimal里面如何安装MariaDB及相关的配置。

1. MariaDB介绍

MariaDB数据库管理系统是MySQL的一个分支，主要由开源社区在维护，采用GPL授权许可 MariaDB的目的是完全兼容MySQL，包括API和命令行，使之能轻松成为MySQL的代替品。在存储引擎方面，使用XtraDB（英语：XtraDB）来代替MySQL的InnoDB。 MariaDB由MySQL的创始人Michael Widenius（英语：Michael Widenius）主导开发，他早前曾以10亿美元的价格，将自己创建的公司MySQL AB卖给了SUN，此后，随着SUN被甲骨文收购，MySQL的所有权也落入Oracle的手中。MariaDB名称来自Michael Widenius的女儿Maria的名字。

MariaDB基于事务的Maria存储引擎，替换了MySQL的MyISAM存储引擎，它使用了Percona的 XtraDB，InnoDB的变体，分支的开发者希望提供访问即将到来的MySQL 5.4 InnoDB性能。这个版本还包括了 PrimeBase XT (PBXT) 和 FederatedX存储引擎。

2. 安装Maria DB：

3. 开放MariaDB的端口号3306并加入到防火墙例外:

--开放3306端口

[root@metis ~]# firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=3306/tcp

--重新加载

[root@metis ~]# firewall-cmd --reload

--重启防火墙

[root@metis ~]# systemctl restart firewalld.service

4. 启动MariaDB、设置开机启动、重启Maria DB

--设置开机启动

[root@metis ~]# systemctl enable mariadb.service

--启动MariaDB

[root@metis ~]# systemctl start mariadb.service

--重启MariaDB

[root@metis ~]# systemctl start mariadb.service

--查看MariaDB运行状态

--停止mariadb运行

[root@metis ~]# systemctl stop mariadb.service

5. 登陆mariadb设置登陆

mariadb预设root密码为空，重新设置root密码 有两种方法，一种是传统方法，登陆mariadb修改用户表；另一种方法是利用mysql_secure_installation。

方法一：

--修改完以后要刷新权限使其生效：

MariaDB [mysql]> flush privileges

方法二：

[root@metis ~]# mysql_secure_installation/usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation: line 379: find_mysql_client: command not fou                                                                                        ndNOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MariaDB      SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE!  PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!In order to log into MariaDB to secure it, we'll need the currentpassword for the root user.  If you've just installed MariaDB, andyou haven't set the root password yet, the password will be blank,so you should just press enter here.Enter current password for root (enter for none):OK, successfully used password, moving on...Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MariaDBroot user without the proper authorisation.Set root password? [Y/n] YNew password:Re-enter new password:Password updated successfully!Reloading privilege tables.. ... Success!By default, a MariaDB installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyoneto log into MariaDB without having to have a user account created forthem.  This is intended only for testing, and to make the installationgo a bit smoother.  You should remove them before moving into aproduction environment.Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] Y ... Success!Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'.  Thisensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] N ... Success!By default, MariaDB comes with a database named 'test' that anyone canaccess.  This is also intended only for testing, and should be removedbefore moving into a production environment.Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] Y - Dropping test database... ... Success! - Removing privileges on test database... ... Success!Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so farwill take effect immediately.Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] Y ... Success!Cleaning up...All done!  If you've completed all of the above steps, your MariaDBinstallation should now be secure.Thanks for using MariaDB!

6. 登陆mariadb

7. 设置允许远程访问

MariaDB [mysql]> grant all privileges ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' identified by 'Love88me' with grant option;

--使设置生效

MariaDB [mysql]> flush privileges;

--查看user表

8. 远程登陆验证

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