话说Spring Security权限管理(源码)

来源:互联网 发布:js 计算器 编辑:程序博客网 时间:2024/06/08 17:31

最近项目需要用到Spring Security的权限控制,故花了点时间简单的去看了一下其权限控制相关的源码(版本为4.2)。

AccessDecisionManager

spring security是通过AccessDecisionManager进行授权管理的,先来张官方图镇楼。

权限

AccessDecisionManager

AccessDecisionManager 接口定义了如下方法:

//调用AccessDecisionVoter进行投票(关键方法)void decide(Authentication authentication, Object object,        Collection<ConfigAttribute> configAttributes) throws AccessDeniedException,        InsufficientAuthenticationException;boolean supports(ConfigAttribute attribute);boolean supports(Class clazz);

接下来看看它的实现类的具体实现:

AffirmativeBased

public void decide(Authentication authentication, Object object,        Collection<ConfigAttribute> configAttributes) throws AccessDeniedException {    int deny = 0;    for (AccessDecisionVoter voter : getDecisionVoters()) {        //调用AccessDecisionVoter进行vote(我们姑且称之为投票吧),后面再看vote的源码。        int result = voter.vote(authentication, object, configAttributes);        if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {            logger.debug("Voter: " + voter + ", returned: " + result);        }        switch (result) {        case AccessDecisionVoter.ACCESS_GRANTED://值为1            //只要有voter投票为ACCESS_GRANTED,则通过            return;        case AccessDecisionVoter.ACCESS_DENIED://值为-1            deny++;            break;        default:            break;        }    }    if (deny > 0) {        //如果有两个及以上AccessDecisionVoter(姑且称之为投票者吧)都投ACCESS_DENIED,则直接就不通过了        throw new AccessDeniedException(messages.getMessage(                "AbstractAccessDecisionManager.accessDenied", "Access is denied"));    }    // To get this far, every AccessDecisionVoter abstained    checkAllowIfAllAbstainDecisions();}

源码中,有个Collection configAttributes 参数,ConfigAttribute是什么? 这个其实是一个很灵活的东西,不同的情况代表不同的语义,比如在使用了角色控制的时候,传入的则可能是ROLE__XXX之类的,以便ROLE_VOTER使用。具体的后面在细说。

通过以上代码可直接看到AffirmativeBased的策略:

  • 只要有投通过(ACCESS_GRANTED)票,则直接判为通过。
  • 如果没有投通过票且反对(ACCESS_DENIED)票在两个及其以上的,则直接判为不通过。

UnanimousBased

public void decide(Authentication authentication, Object object,        Collection<ConfigAttribute> attributes) throws AccessDeniedException {    int grant = 0;    int abstain = 0;    List<ConfigAttribute> singleAttributeList = new ArrayList<ConfigAttribute>(1);    singleAttributeList.add(null);    for (ConfigAttribute attribute : attributes) {        singleAttributeList.set(0, attribute);        for (AccessDecisionVoter voter : getDecisionVoters()) {            //配置的投票者进行投票            int result = voter.vote(authentication, object, singleAttributeList);            if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {                logger.debug("Voter: " + voter + ", returned: " + result);            }            switch (result) {            case AccessDecisionVoter.ACCESS_GRANTED:                grant++;                break;            case AccessDecisionVoter.ACCESS_DENIED:                //只要有投票者投反对票就立马判为无权访问                throw new AccessDeniedException(messages.getMessage(                        "AbstractAccessDecisionManager.accessDenied",                        "Access is denied"));            default:                abstain++;                break;            }        }    }    // To get this far, there were no deny votes    if (grant > 0) {        //如果没反对票且有通过票,那么就判为通过        return;    }    // To get this far, every AccessDecisionVoter abstained    checkAllowIfAllAbstainDecisions();}

由此可见UnanimousBased的策略:

  • 无论多少投票者投了多少通过(ACCESS_GRANTED)票,只要有反对票(ACCESS_DENIED),那都判为不通过。
  • 如果没有反对票且有投票者投了通过票,那么就判为通过。

ConsensusBased

public void decide(Authentication authentication, Object object,        Collection<ConfigAttribute> configAttributes) throws AccessDeniedException {    int grant = 0;    int deny = 0;    int abstain = 0;    for (AccessDecisionVoter voter : getDecisionVoters()) {        //配置的投票者进行投票        int result = voter.vote(authentication, object, configAttributes);        if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {            logger.debug("Voter: " + voter + ", returned: " + result);        }        switch (result) {        case AccessDecisionVoter.ACCESS_GRANTED:            grant++;            break;        case AccessDecisionVoter.ACCESS_DENIED:            deny++;            break;        default:            abstain++;            break;        }    }    if (grant > deny) {        //通过的票数大于反对的票数则判为通过        return;    }    if (deny > grant) {        //通过的票数小于反对的票数则判为不通过        throw new AccessDeniedException(messages.getMessage(                "AbstractAccessDecisionManager.accessDenied", "Access is denied"));    }    if ((grant == deny) && (grant != 0)) {        //this.allowIfEqualGrantedDeniedDecisions默认为true        //通过的票数和反对的票数相等,则可根据配置allowIfEqualGrantedDeniedDecisions进行判断是否通过        if (this.allowIfEqualGrantedDeniedDecisions) {            return;        }        else {            throw new AccessDeniedException(messages.getMessage(                    "AbstractAccessDecisionManager.accessDenied", "Access is denied"));        }    }    // To get this far, every AccessDecisionVoter abstained    checkAllowIfAllAbstainDecisions();}

由此可见,ConsensusBased的策略:

  • 通过的票数大于反对的票数则判为通过。
  • 通过的票数小于反对的票数则判为不通过。
  • 通过的票数和反对的票数相等,则可根据配置allowIfEqualGrantedDeniedDecisions(默认为true)进行判断是否通过。

到此,应该明白AffirmativeBased、UnanimousBased、ConsensusBased三者的区别了吧,spring security**默认使用的是AffirmativeBased**, 如果有需要,可配置为其它两个,也可自己去实现。

投票者

以上AccessDecisionManager的实现类都只是对权限(投票)进行管理(策略的实现),具体投票(vote)的逻辑是通过调用AccessDecisionVoter的子类(投票者)的vote方法实现的。spring security默认注册了RoleVoter和AuthenticatedVoter两个投票者。下面来看看其源码。

AccessDecisionManager

boolean supports(ConfigAttribute attribute);boolean supports(Class<?> clazz);//核心方法,此方法由上面介绍的的AccessDecisionManager调用,子类实现此方法进行投票。int vote(Authentication authentication, S object,        Collection<ConfigAttribute> attributes);

RoleVoter

private String rolePrefix = "ROLE_";//只处理ROLE_开头的(可通过配置rolePrefix的值进行改变)public boolean supports(ConfigAttribute attribute) {    if ((attribute.getAttribute() != null)            && attribute.getAttribute().startsWith(getRolePrefix())) {        return true;    }    else {        return false;    }}public int vote(Authentication authentication, Object object,        Collection<ConfigAttribute> attributes) {    if(authentication == null) {        //用户没通过认证,则投反对票        return ACCESS_DENIED;    }    int result = ACCESS_ABSTAIN;    //获取用户实际的权限    Collection<? extends GrantedAuthority> authorities = extractAuthorities(authentication);    for (ConfigAttribute attribute : attributes) {        if (this.supports(attribute)) {            result = ACCESS_DENIED;            // Attempt to find a matching granted authority            for (GrantedAuthority authority : authorities) {                if (attribute.getAttribute().equals(authority.getAuthority())) {                    //权限匹配则投通过票                    return ACCESS_GRANTED;                }            }        }    }    //如果处理过,但没投通过票,则为反对票,如果没处理过,那么视为弃权(ACCESS_ABSTAIN)。    return result;}   

很简单吧,同时,我们还可以通过实现AccessDecisionManager来扩展自己的voter。但是,要实现这个,我们还必须得弄清楚一个东西,那就是Collection attributes这个参数是从哪儿来的,这个是个很关键的参数啊。通过一张官方图能很清晰的看出这个问题来:

inceptor

接下来,就看看AccessDecisionManager的调用者AbstractSecurityInterceptor。

AbstractSecurityInterceptor

...//上面说过默认是AffirmativeBased,可配置private AccessDecisionManager accessDecisionManager;...protected InterceptorStatusToken beforeInvocation(Object object) {    ...    //抽象方法,子类实现,但由此也可看出ConfigAttribute是由SecurityMetadataSource(实际上,默认是DefaultFilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource)获取。    Collection<ConfigAttribute> attributes = this.obtainSecurityMetadataSource()            .getAttributes(object);    ...    //获取当前认证过的用户信息    Authentication authenticated = authenticateIfRequired();    try {        //调用AccessDecisionManager        this.accessDecisionManager.decide(authenticated, object, attributes);    }    catch (AccessDeniedException accessDeniedException) {        publishEvent(new AuthorizationFailureEvent(object, attributes, authenticated,                accessDeniedException));        throw accessDeniedException;    }    ...     }public abstract SecurityMetadataSource obtainSecurityMetadataSource();

以上方法都是由AbstractSecurityInterceptor的子类(默认是FilterSecurityInterceptor)调用,那就再看看吧:

FilterSecurityInterceptor

...//SecurityMetadataSource的实现类,由此可见,可通过外部配置。这也说明我们可以通过自定义SecurityMetadataSource的实现类来扩展出自己实际需要的ConfigAttributeprivate FilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource securityMetadataSource;  ...//入口public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response,        FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {    FilterInvocation fi = new FilterInvocation(request, response, chain);    //关键方法    invoke(fi);}public void invoke(FilterInvocation fi) throws IOException, ServletException {    if ((fi.getRequest() != null)            && (fi.getRequest().getAttribute(FILTER_APPLIED) != null)            && observeOncePerRequest) {        // filter already applied to this request and user wants us to observe        // once-per-request handling, so don't re-do security checking        fi.getChain().doFilter(fi.getRequest(), fi.getResponse());    }    else {        // first time this request being called, so perform security checking        if (fi.getRequest() != null) {            fi.getRequest().setAttribute(FILTER_APPLIED, Boolean.TRUE);        }        //在这儿调用了父类(AbstractSecurityInterceptor)的方法, 也就调用了accessDecisionManager        InterceptorStatusToken token = super.beforeInvocation(fi);        try {            fi.getChain().doFilter(fi.getRequest(), fi.getResponse());        }        finally {            super.finallyInvocation(token);        }        //完了再执行(父类的方法),一前一后,AOP无处不在啊        super.afterInvocation(token, null);    }}

好啦,到此应该对于Spring Security的权限管理比较清楚了。看完这个,不知你是否能扩展出一套适合自己需求的权限需求来呢,如果还不太清楚,那也没关系,下篇就实战一下,根据它来开发一套自己的权限体系。

欢迎访问我的独立博客:

www.javafan.cn

0 0