maven下使用junit对spring进行单元测试_01基本应用

https://my.oschina.net/dlpinghailinfeng/blog/336694

一、开发环境

maven版本:3.0.5

spring版本:spring3.2.3 release

junit版本:4.11

eclipse版本:3.7.2 r2

jdk版本:1.6 

二、文件清单

pom.xml

<properties><project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding></properties><dependencies><dependency><groupId>junit</groupId><artifactId>junit</artifactId><version>4.11</version><scope>test</scope></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.mockito</groupId><artifactId>mockito-core</artifactId><version>1.9.5</version><scope>test</scope></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-test</artifactId><version>3.2.3.RELEASE</version><scope>test</scope></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-context</artifactId><version>3.2.3.RELEASE</version></dependency></dependencies><build><plugins><plugin><groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId><artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId><version>2.5</version><configuration><skipTests>true</skipTests></configuration></plugin></plugins></build>

ApplicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd"><bean id="employee" name="employee" class="com.tfry.spring.Employee" autowire="default"><constructor-arg name="age" value="20"></constructor-arg><constructor-arg name="name" value="zhangsan"></constructor-arg></bean></beans>

Employee.java

public class Employee {private Integer age;private String name;public Integer getAge() {return age;}public void setAge(Integer age) {this.age = age;}public String getName() {return name;}public void setName(String name) {this.name = name;}public Employee(Integer age,String name){this.age=age;this.name=name;}@Overridepublic String toString(){return "Employee name is "+name+",age is"+age;}}

三、主要步骤

1.使用springframework提供的单元测试

包的路径:org.springframework.test.context.junit4下

只需要加入两个注解就可以实现单元测试的功能

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)@ContextConfiguration(locations={"classpath*:ApplicationContext.xml"})

@RunWith 大家并不陌生,junit4里用它来做junit加载器

@ContextConfiguration 主要用来加载spring的配置文件路径:是一个字符串数组,可以加载多个spring配置文件

2.基本使用

import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;import org.junit.Test;import org.junit.runner.RunWith;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)@ContextConfiguration(locations = {"classpath:ApplicationContext.xml"})public class EmpolyeeTest {@AutowiredApplicationContext ctx;@Testpublic void testEmployee(){Employee employee =(Employee) ctx.getBean("employee");assertEquals("zhangsan",employee.getName());}}

3.封装基于AbstractJUnit4SpringContextTests的测试基类

SpringTest.java

import org.junit.Test;import org.junit.runner.RunWith;import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.AbstractJUnit4SpringContextTests;import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)@ContextConfiguration(locations={"classpath*:ApplicationContext.xml"})public class SpringTest extends AbstractJUnit4SpringContextTests {   public <T> T getBean(Class<T> type){   return applicationContext.getBean(type);   }      public Object getBean(String beanName){   return applicationContext.getBean(beanName);   }   protected ApplicationContext getContext(){   return applicationContext;   }

然后其他测试类只需要继承该类即可,可以省去每次都要绑定Application对象。

下一步就是在webapp中如何进行单元测试和如何结合hibernate等ORMapping框架进行单元测试。

最后附上源码

源码地址