Android BLE与终端通信(三)——客户端与服务端通信过程以及实现数据通信
前面的终究只是小知识点,上不了台面,也只能算是起到一个科普的作用,而同步到实际的开发上去,今天就来延续前两篇实现蓝牙主从关系的客户端和服务端了,本文相关链接需要去google的API上查看,需要翻墙的
Bluetooth Low Energy:http://developer.android.com/guide/topics/connectivity/bluetooth-le.html
但是我们依然没有讲到BLE(低功耗蓝牙),放心,下一篇就回讲到,跟前面的基本上很大的不同,我们今天来看下客户端和服务端的实现
我们以上篇为栗子:
Android BLE与终端通信(二)——Android Bluetooth基础搜索蓝牙设备显示列表
一.蓝牙数据传输
蓝牙数据传输其实跟我们的 Socket(套接字)有点类似,如果有不懂的,可以百度一下概念,我们只要知道是这么回事就可以了,在网络中使用Socket和ServerSocket控制客户端和服务端来数据读写。而蓝牙通讯也是由客户端和服务端来完成的,蓝牙客户端Socket是BluetoothSocket,蓝牙服务端Socket是BluetoothServerSocket,这两个类都在Android.bluetooth包下,而且无论是BluetoothSocket还是BluetoothServerSocket,我们都需要一个UUID(标识符),这个UUID在上篇也是有提到,而且他的格式也是固定的:
UUID:XXXXXXXX(8)-XXXX(4)-XXXX(4)-XXXX(4)-XXXXXXXXXXXX(12)
第一段是8位,中间三段式4位,最后一段是12位,UUID相当于Socket的端口,而蓝牙地址则相当于Socket的IP
1.activity_main.xml
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:orientation="vertical" > <Button android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:onClick="btnSearch" android:text="搜索蓝牙设备" /> <ListView android:id="@+id/lvDevices" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="0dp" android:layout_weight="1" /></LinearLayout>
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2.实现步骤
1.声明
我们需要的东西
private BluetoothAdapter mBluetoothAdapter; private ListView lvDevices; private List<String> bluetoothDevices = new ArrayList<String>(); private ArrayAdapter<String> arrayAdapter; private final UUID MY_UUID = UUID .fromString("db764ac8-4b08-7f25-aafe-59d03c27bae3"); private final String NAME = "LGL"; private BluetoothSocket clientSocket; private BluetoothDevice device; private OutputStream os;
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2.初始化
mBluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter(); if (mBluetoothAdapter == null) { Toast.makeText(this, "设备不支持蓝牙", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); finish(); } if (!mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) { Intent intent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE); startActivityForResult(intent, 1); } lvDevices = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.lvDevices); lvDevices.setOnItemClickListener(this); Set<BluetoothDevice> pairedDevices = mBluetoothAdapter .getBondedDevices(); if (pairedDevices.size() > 0) { for (BluetoothDevice device : pairedDevices) { bluetoothDevices.add(device.getName() + ":" + device.getAddress() + "\n"); } } arrayAdapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(this, android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1, android.R.id.text1, bluetoothDevices); lvDevices.setAdapter(arrayAdapter); /** * 异步搜索蓝牙设备——广播接收 */ IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND); registerReceiver(receiver, filter); filter = new IntentFilter(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED); registerReceiver(receiver, filter); }
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3.点击搜索
public void btnSearch(View v) { setProgressBarIndeterminateVisibility(true); setTitle("正在搜索..."); if (mBluetoothAdapter.isDiscovering()) { mBluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery(); } mBluetoothAdapter.startDiscovery(); }
4.搜索设备
private final BroadcastReceiver receiver = new BroadcastReceiver() { @Override public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) { String action = intent.getAction(); if (BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND.equals(action)) { BluetoothDevice device = intent .getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE); if (device.getBondState() != BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED) { bluetoothDevices.add(device.getName() + ":" + device.getAddress() + "\n"); arrayAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged(); } } else if (BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED .equals(action)) { setProgressBarIndeterminateVisibility(true); setTitle("搜索完成!"); } } };
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5.客户端实现已经发送数据流
@Override public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id) { String s = arrayAdapter.getItem(position); String address = s.substring(s.indexOf(":") + 1).trim(); try { if (mBluetoothAdapter.isDiscovering()) { mBluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery(); } try { if (device == null) { device = mBluetoothAdapter.getRemoteDevice(address); } if (clientSocket == null) { clientSocket = device .createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(MY_UUID); clientSocket.connect(); os = clientSocket.getOutputStream(); } } catch (Exception e) { } if (os != null) { os.write("Hello Bluetooth!".getBytes("utf-8")); } } catch (Exception e) { } }
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6.Handler服务
private Handler handler = new Handler() { public void handleMessage(android.os.Message msg) { Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, String.valueOf(msg.obj), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); super.handleMessage(msg); } };
7.服务端读取数据流
private class AcceptThread extends Thread { private BluetoothServerSocket serverSocket; private BluetoothSocket socket; private OutputStream os; private InputStream is; public AcceptThread() { try { serverSocket = mBluetoothAdapter .listenUsingRfcommWithServiceRecord(NAME, MY_UUID); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } @Override public void run() { try { socket = serverSocket.accept(); is = socket.getInputStream(); os = socket.getOutputStream(); while (true) { byte[] buffer = new byte[128]; int count = is.read(); Message msg = new Message(); msg.obj = new String(buffer, 0, count, "utf-8"); handler.sendMessage(msg); } } catch (Exception e) { } } }
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8.开启服务
首先要声明
ac = new AcceptThread(); ac.start();
MainActivity完整代码
package com.lgl.bluetoothget;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.InputStream;import java.io.OutputStream;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.List;import java.util.Set;import java.util.UUID;import android.app.Activity;import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;import android.bluetooth.BluetoothServerSocket;import android.bluetooth.BluetoothSocket;import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;import android.content.Context;import android.content.Intent;import android.content.IntentFilter;import android.os.Bundle;import android.os.Handler;import android.os.Message;import android.util.Log;import android.view.View;import android.view.View.OnClickListener;import android.widget.AdapterView;import android.widget.AdapterView.OnItemClickListener;import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;import android.widget.Button;import android.widget.ListView;import android.widget.TextView;import android.widget.Toast;public class MainActivity extends Activity implements OnItemClickListener { private BluetoothAdapter mBluetoothAdapter; private ListView lvDevices; private List<String> bluetoothDevices = new ArrayList<String>(); private ArrayAdapter<String> arrayAdapter; private final UUID MY_UUID = UUID .fromString("db764ac8-4b08-7f25-aafe-59d03c27bae3"); private final String NAME = "LGL"; private BluetoothSocket clientSocket; private BluetoothDevice device; private OutputStream os; private AcceptThread ac; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); initView(); } private void initView() { mBluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter(); if (mBluetoothAdapter == null) { Toast.makeText(this, "设备不支持蓝牙", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); finish(); } if (!mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) { Intent intent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE); startActivityForResult(intent, 1); } lvDevices = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.lvDevices); lvDevices.setOnItemClickListener(this); Set<BluetoothDevice> pairedDevices = mBluetoothAdapter .getBondedDevices(); if (pairedDevices.size() > 0) { for (BluetoothDevice device : pairedDevices) { bluetoothDevices.add(device.getName() + ":" + device.getAddress() + "\n"); } } arrayAdapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(this, android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1, android.R.id.text1, bluetoothDevices); lvDevices.setAdapter(arrayAdapter); ac = new AcceptThread(); ac.start(); /** * 异步搜索蓝牙设备——广播接收 */ IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND); registerReceiver(receiver, filter); filter = new IntentFilter(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED); registerReceiver(receiver, filter); } public void btnSearch(View v) { setProgressBarIndeterminateVisibility(true); setTitle("正在搜索..."); if (mBluetoothAdapter.isDiscovering()) { mBluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery(); } mBluetoothAdapter.startDiscovery(); } private final BroadcastReceiver receiver = new BroadcastReceiver() { @Override public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) { String action = intent.getAction(); if (BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND.equals(action)) { BluetoothDevice device = intent .getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE); if (device.getBondState() != BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED) { bluetoothDevices.add(device.getName() + ":" + device.getAddress() + "\n"); arrayAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged(); } } else if (BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED .equals(action)) { setProgressBarIndeterminateVisibility(true); setTitle("搜索完成!"); } } }; @Override public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id) { String s = arrayAdapter.getItem(position); String address = s.substring(s.indexOf(":") + 1).trim(); try { if (mBluetoothAdapter.isDiscovering()) { mBluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery(); } try { if (device == null) { device = mBluetoothAdapter.getRemoteDevice(address); } if (clientSocket == null) { clientSocket = device .createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(MY_UUID); clientSocket.connect(); os = clientSocket.getOutputStream(); } } catch (Exception e) { } if (os != null) { os.write("Hello Bluetooth!".getBytes("utf-8")); } } catch (Exception e) { } } private Handler handler = new Handler() { public void handleMessage(android.os.Message msg) { Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, String.valueOf(msg.obj), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); super.handleMessage(msg); } }; private class AcceptThread extends Thread { private BluetoothServerSocket serverSocket; private BluetoothSocket socket; private OutputStream os; private InputStream is; public AcceptThread() { try { serverSocket = mBluetoothAdapter .listenUsingRfcommWithServiceRecord(NAME, MY_UUID); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } @Override public void run() { try { socket = serverSocket.accept(); is = socket.getInputStream(); os = socket.getOutputStream(); while (true) { byte[] buffer = new byte[128]; int count = is.read(); Message msg = new Message(); msg.obj = new String(buffer, 0, count, "utf-8"); handler.sendMessage(msg); } } catch (Exception e) { } } }}
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Google的API上其实已经说的很详细了的,这里我再提供一份PDF学习文档,可以更加直观的了解
PDF文档下载地址:http://download.csdn.net/detail/qq_26787115/9416162
Demo下载地址:http://download.csdn.net/detail/qq_26787115/9416158