struts基础内容-1-执行流程

服务器启动

1.加载web.xml 

2.创建struts核心过滤器对象，执行filter --> init

  struts-default.xml      核心功能初始化

  struts-plugin.xml     相关插件初始化

  struts.xml    用户配置文件

3.用户访问Action,服务器根据路径的访问名称访问action,创建 action对象

后面每次访问，都会创建action实例

 

struts-default.xml 详细分析

--源码

<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC    "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN"    "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd"><struts>    <constant name="struts.excludedClasses"              value="                java.lang.Object,                java.lang.Runtime,                java.lang.System,                java.lang.Class,                java.lang.ClassLoader,                java.lang.Shutdown,                ognl.OgnlContext,                ognl.MemberAccess,                ognl.ClassResolver,                ognl.TypeConverter,                com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext" />    <!-- this must be valid regex, each '.' in package name must be escaped! -->    <constant name="struts.excludedPackageNamePatterns" value="^java\.lang\..*,^ognl.*,^(?!javax\.servlet\..+)(javax\..+)" />    <bean class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.ObjectFactory" name="struts"/>    <bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.factory.ResultFactory" name="struts" class="org.apache.struts2.factory.StrutsResultFactory" />    <bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.factory.ActionFactory" name="struts" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.factory.DefaultActionFactory" />    <bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.factory.ConverterFactory" name="struts" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.factory.DefaultConverterFactory" />    <bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.factory.InterceptorFactory" name="struts" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.factory.DefaultInterceptorFactory" />    <bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.factory.ValidatorFactory" name="struts" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.factory.DefaultValidatorFactory" />    <bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.factory.UnknownHandlerFactory" name="struts" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.factory.DefaultUnknownHandlerFactory" />    <bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.FileManager" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.fs.DefaultFileManager" name="system" scope="singleton"/>    <bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.FileManagerFactory" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.fs.DefaultFileManagerFactory" name="struts" scope="singleton"/>    <bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionProxyFactory" name="struts" class="org.apache.struts2.impl.StrutsActionProxyFactory"/>    <bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionProxyFactory" name="prefix" class="org.apache.struts2.impl.PrefixBasedActionProxyFactory"/>    <bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.ObjectTypeDeterminer" name="struts" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl.DefaultObjectTypeDeterminer"/>    <bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.PatternMatcher" name="struts" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.WildcardHelper" />    <bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.PatternMatcher" name="namedVariable" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.NamedVariablePatternMatcher"/>    <bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.PatternMatcher" name="regex" class="org.apache.struts2.util.RegexPatternMatcher"/>    <bean type="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.mapper.ActionMapper" name="struts" class="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.mapper.DefaultActionMapper" />    <bean type="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.mapper.ActionMapper" name="composite" class="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.mapper.CompositeActionMapper" />    <bean type="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.mapper.ActionMapper" name="restful" class="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.mapper.RestfulActionMapper" />    <bean type="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.mapper.ActionMapper" name="restful2" class="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.mapper.Restful2ActionMapper" />    <bean type="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.multipart.MultiPartRequest" name="jakarta" class="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.multipart.JakartaMultiPartRequest" scope="default"/>    <bean type="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.multipart.MultiPartRequest" name="jakarta-stream" class="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.multipart.JakartaStreamMultiPartRequest" scope="default"/>    <bean type="org.apache.struts2.views.TagLibraryDirectiveProvider" name="s" class="org.apache.struts2.views.DefaultTagLibrary" />    <bean type="org.apache.struts2.views.TagLibraryModelProvider" name="s" class="org.apache.struts2.views.DefaultTagLibrary" />    <bean class="org.apache.struts2.views.freemarker.FreemarkerThemeTemplateLoader" />    <bean class="org.apache.struts2.views.freemarker.FreemarkerManager" name="struts" />    <bean class="org.apache.struts2.views.velocity.VelocityManager" name="struts" optional="true" />    <bean class="org.apache.struts2.components.template.TemplateEngineManager" />    <bean type="org.apache.struts2.components.template.TemplateEngine" name="ftl" class="org.apache.struts2.components.template.FreemarkerTemplateEngine" />    <bean type="org.apache.struts2.components.template.TemplateEngine" name="vm" class="org.apache.struts2.components.template.VelocityTemplateEngine" />    <bean type="org.apache.struts2.components.template.TemplateEngine" name="jsp" class="org.apache.struts2.components.template.JspTemplateEngine" />    <bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl.XWorkConverter" name="struts" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl.XWorkConverter" />    <bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.ConversionPropertiesProcessor" name="struts" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl.DefaultConversionPropertiesProcessor" />    <bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.ConversionFileProcessor" name="struts" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl.DefaultConversionFileProcessor" />    <bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.ConversionAnnotationProcessor" name="struts" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl.DefaultConversionAnnotationProcessor" />    <bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.TypeConverterCreator" name="struts" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl.DefaultTypeConverterCreator" />    <bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.TypeConverterHolder" name="struts" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl.DefaultTypeConverterHolder" />    <bean class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl.XWorkBasicConverter" />    <bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl.CollectionConverter" name="struts" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl.CollectionConverter" scope="singleton"/>    <bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl.ArrayConverter" name="struts" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl.ArrayConverter" scope="singleton"/>    <bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl.DateConverter" name="struts" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl.DateConverter" scope="singleton"/>    <bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl.NumberConverter" name="struts" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl.NumberConverter" scope="singleton"/>    <bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl.StringConverter" name="struts" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl.StringConverter" scope="singleton"/>    <bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.TextProvider" name="struts" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.TextProviderSupport" scope="default" />    <bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.LocaleProvider" name="struts" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultLocaleProvider" scope="singleton" />    <bean type="org.apache.struts2.components.UrlRenderer" name="struts" class="org.apache.struts2.components.ServletUrlRenderer"/>    <bean type="org.apache.struts2.views.util.UrlHelper" name="struts" class="org.apache.struts2.views.util.DefaultUrlHelper"/>    <bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.ValueStackFactory" name="struts" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.ognl.OgnlValueStackFactory" />    <bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.reflection.ReflectionProvider" name="struts" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.ognl.OgnlReflectionProvider" />    <bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.reflection.ReflectionContextFactory" name="struts" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.ognl.OgnlReflectionContextFactory" />    <bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.TextProvider" name="system" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultTextProvider" />    <bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.NullHandler" name="java.lang.Object" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl.InstantiatingNullHandler" />    <bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.ActionValidatorManager" name="struts" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.AnnotationActionValidatorManager" />    <bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.ActionValidatorManager" name="no-annotations" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.DefaultActionValidatorManager" />    <bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.ValidatorFactory" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.DefaultValidatorFactory"/>    <bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.ValidatorFileParser" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.DefaultValidatorFileParser" />    <bean class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.ognl.OgnlUtil" />    <bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.TextParser" name="struts" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.OgnlTextParser" scope="singleton"/>    <bean type="ognl.PropertyAccessor" name="com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.CompoundRoot" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.ognl.accessor.CompoundRootAccessor" />    <bean type="ognl.PropertyAccessor" name="java.lang.Object" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.ognl.accessor.ObjectAccessor" />    <bean type="ognl.PropertyAccessor" name="java.util.Iterator" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.ognl.accessor.XWorkIteratorPropertyAccessor" />    <bean type="ognl.PropertyAccessor" name="java.util.Enumeration" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.ognl.accessor.XWorkEnumerationAccessor" />    <bean type="ognl.PropertyAccessor" name="java.util.List" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.ognl.accessor.XWorkListPropertyAccessor" />    <bean type="ognl.PropertyAccessor" name="java.util.Set" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.ognl.accessor.XWorkCollectionPropertyAccessor" />    <bean type="ognl.PropertyAccessor" name="java.util.Map" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.ognl.accessor.XWorkMapPropertyAccessor" />    <bean type="ognl.PropertyAccessor" name="java.util.Collection" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.ognl.accessor.XWorkCollectionPropertyAccessor" />    <bean type="ognl.PropertyAccessor" name="com.opensymphony.xwork2.ognl.ObjectProxy" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.ognl.accessor.ObjectProxyPropertyAccessor" />    <bean type="ognl.MethodAccessor" name="java.lang.Object" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.ognl.accessor.XWorkMethodAccessor" />    <bean type="ognl.MethodAccessor" name="com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.CompoundRoot" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.ognl.accessor.CompoundRootAccessor" />    <bean class="org.apache.struts2.views.jsp.ui.OgnlTool" />    <bean type="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.StaticContentLoader" class="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.DefaultStaticContentLoader" name="struts" />    <bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.UnknownHandlerManager" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultUnknownHandlerManager" name="struts" />    <bean type="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.DispatcherErrorHandler" name="struts" class="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.DefaultDispatcherErrorHandler" />        <constant name="struts.dispatcher.errorHandler" value="struts" />    <!--  Silly workarounds for OGNL since there is currently no way to flush its internal caches -->    <bean type="ognl.PropertyAccessor" name="java.util.ArrayList" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.ognl.accessor.XWorkListPropertyAccessor" />    <bean type="ognl.PropertyAccessor" name="java.util.HashSet" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.ognl.accessor.XWorkCollectionPropertyAccessor" />    <bean type="ognl.PropertyAccessor" name="java.util.HashMap" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.ognl.accessor.XWorkMapPropertyAccessor" />    <bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.security.ExcludedPatternsChecker" name="struts" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.security.DefaultExcludedPatternsChecker" scope="default" />    <bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.security.AcceptedPatternsChecker" name="struts" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.security.DefaultAcceptedPatternsChecker" scope="default" />    <package name="struts-default" abstract="true">        <result-types>            <result-type name="chain" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionChainResult"/>            <result-type name="dispatcher" class="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ServletDispatcherResult" default="true"/>            <result-type name="freemarker" class="org.apache.struts2.views.freemarker.FreemarkerResult"/>            <result-type name="httpheader" class="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.HttpHeaderResult"/>            <result-type name="redirect" class="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ServletRedirectResult"/>            <result-type name="redirectAction" class="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ServletActionRedirectResult"/>            <result-type name="stream" class="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.StreamResult"/>            <result-type name="velocity" class="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.VelocityResult"/>            <result-type name="xslt" class="org.apache.struts2.views.xslt.XSLTResult"/>            <result-type name="plainText" class="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.PlainTextResult" />            <result-type name="postback" class="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.PostbackResult" />        </result-types>        <interceptors>            <interceptor name="alias" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.AliasInterceptor"/>            <interceptor name="autowiring" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.spring.interceptor.ActionAutowiringInterceptor"/>            <interceptor name="chain" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ChainingInterceptor"/>            <interceptor name="conversionError" class="org.apache.struts2.interceptor.StrutsConversionErrorInterceptor"/>            <interceptor name="cookie" class="org.apache.struts2.interceptor.CookieInterceptor"/>            <interceptor name="cookieProvider" class="org.apache.struts2.interceptor.CookieProviderInterceptor"/>            <interceptor name="clearSession" class="org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ClearSessionInterceptor" />            <interceptor name="createSession" class="org.apache.struts2.interceptor.CreateSessionInterceptor" />            <interceptor name="debugging" class="org.apache.struts2.interceptor.debugging.DebuggingInterceptor" />            <interceptor name="execAndWait" class="org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ExecuteAndWaitInterceptor"/>            <interceptor name="exception" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ExceptionMappingInterceptor"/>            <interceptor name="fileUpload" class="org.apache.struts2.interceptor.FileUploadInterceptor"/>            <interceptor name="i18n" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.I18nInterceptor"/>            <interceptor name="logger" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.LoggingInterceptor"/>            <interceptor name="modelDriven" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ModelDrivenInterceptor"/>            <interceptor name="scopedModelDriven" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ScopedModelDrivenInterceptor"/>            <interceptor name="params" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ParametersInterceptor"/>            <interceptor name="actionMappingParams" class="org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ActionMappingParametersInteceptor"/>            <interceptor name="prepare" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.PrepareInterceptor"/>            <interceptor name="staticParams" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.StaticParametersInterceptor"/>            <interceptor name="scope" class="org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ScopeInterceptor"/>            <interceptor name="servletConfig" class="org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ServletConfigInterceptor"/>            <interceptor name="timer" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.TimerInterceptor"/>            <interceptor name="token" class="org.apache.struts2.interceptor.TokenInterceptor"/>            <interceptor name="tokenSession" class="org.apache.struts2.interceptor.TokenSessionStoreInterceptor"/>            <interceptor name="validation" class="org.apache.struts2.interceptor.validation.AnnotationValidationInterceptor"/>            <interceptor name="workflow" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.DefaultWorkflowInterceptor"/>            <interceptor name="store" class="org.apache.struts2.interceptor.MessageStoreInterceptor" />            <interceptor name="checkbox" class="org.apache.struts2.interceptor.CheckboxInterceptor" />            <interceptor name="datetime" class="org.apache.struts2.interceptor.DateTextFieldInterceptor" />            <interceptor name="profiling" class="org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ProfilingActivationInterceptor" />            <interceptor name="roles" class="org.apache.struts2.interceptor.RolesInterceptor" />            <interceptor name="annotationWorkflow" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.annotations.AnnotationWorkflowInterceptor" />            <interceptor name="multiselect" class="org.apache.struts2.interceptor.MultiselectInterceptor" />            <interceptor name="deprecation" class="org.apache.struts2.interceptor.DeprecationInterceptor" />            <!-- Basic stack -->            <interceptor-stack name="basicStack">                <interceptor-ref name="exception"/>                <interceptor-ref name="servletConfig"/>                <interceptor-ref name="prepare"/>                <interceptor-ref name="checkbox"/>                <interceptor-ref name="datetime"/>                <interceptor-ref name="multiselect"/>                <interceptor-ref name="actionMappingParams"/>                <interceptor-ref name="params"/>                <interceptor-ref name="conversionError"/>                <interceptor-ref name="deprecation"/>            </interceptor-stack>            <!-- Sample validation and workflow stack -->            <interceptor-stack name="validationWorkflowStack">                <interceptor-ref name="basicStack"/>                <interceptor-ref name="validation"/>                <interceptor-ref name="workflow"/>            </interceptor-stack>            <!-- Sample file upload stack -->            <interceptor-stack name="fileUploadStack">                <interceptor-ref name="fileUpload"/>                <interceptor-ref name="basicStack"/>            </interceptor-stack>            <!-- Sample model-driven stack  -->            <interceptor-stack name="modelDrivenStack">                <interceptor-ref name="modelDriven"/>                <interceptor-ref name="basicStack"/>            </interceptor-stack>            <!-- Sample action chaining stack -->            <interceptor-stack name="chainStack">                <interceptor-ref name="chain"/>                <interceptor-ref name="basicStack"/>            </interceptor-stack>            <!-- Sample i18n stack -->            <interceptor-stack name="i18nStack">                <interceptor-ref name="i18n"/>                <interceptor-ref name="basicStack"/>            </interceptor-stack>            <!-- An example of the paramsPrepareParams trick. This stack                 is exactly the same as the defaultStack, except that it                 includes one extra interceptor before the prepare interceptor:                 the params interceptor.                 This is useful for when you wish to apply parameters directly                 to an object that you wish to load externally (such as a DAO                 or database or service layer), but can't load that object                 until at least the ID parameter has been loaded. By loading                 the parameters twice, you can retrieve the object in the                 prepare() method, allowing the second params interceptor to                 apply the values on the object. -->            <interceptor-stack name="paramsPrepareParamsStack">                <interceptor-ref name="exception"/>                <interceptor-ref name="alias"/>                <interceptor-ref name="i18n"/>                <interceptor-ref name="checkbox"/>                <interceptor-ref name="datetime"/>                <interceptor-ref name="multiselect"/>                <interceptor-ref name="params"/>                <interceptor-ref name="servletConfig"/>                <interceptor-ref name="prepare"/>                <interceptor-ref name="chain"/>                <interceptor-ref name="modelDriven"/>                <interceptor-ref name="fileUpload"/>                <interceptor-ref name="staticParams"/>                <interceptor-ref name="actionMappingParams"/>                <interceptor-ref name="params"/>                <interceptor-ref name="conversionError"/>                <interceptor-ref name="validation">                    <param name="excludeMethods">input,back,cancel,browse</param>                </interceptor-ref>                <interceptor-ref name="workflow">                    <param name="excludeMethods">input,back,cancel,browse</param>                </interceptor-ref>            </interceptor-stack>            <!-- A complete stack with all the common interceptors in place.                 Generally, this stack should be the one you use, though it                 may do more than you need. Also, the ordering can be                 switched around (ex: if you wish to have your servlet-related                 objects applied before prepare() is called, you'd need to move                 servletConfig interceptor up.                 This stack also excludes from the normal validation and workflow                 the method names input, back, and cancel. These typically are                 associated with requests that should not be validated.                 -->            <interceptor-stack name="defaultStack">                <interceptor-ref name="exception"/>                <interceptor-ref name="alias"/>                <interceptor-ref name="servletConfig"/>                <interceptor-ref name="i18n"/>                <interceptor-ref name="prepare"/>                <interceptor-ref name="chain"/>                <interceptor-ref name="scopedModelDriven"/>                <interceptor-ref name="modelDriven"/>                <interceptor-ref name="fileUpload"/>                <interceptor-ref name="checkbox"/>                <interceptor-ref name="datetime"/>                <interceptor-ref name="multiselect"/>                <interceptor-ref name="staticParams"/>                <interceptor-ref name="actionMappingParams"/>                <interceptor-ref name="params"/>                <interceptor-ref name="conversionError"/>                <interceptor-ref name="validation">                    <param name="excludeMethods">input,back,cancel,browse</param>                </interceptor-ref>                <interceptor-ref name="workflow">                    <param name="excludeMethods">input,back,cancel,browse</param>                </interceptor-ref>                <interceptor-ref name="debugging"/>                <interceptor-ref name="deprecation"/>            </interceptor-stack>            <!-- The completeStack is here for backwards compatibility for                 applications that still refer to the defaultStack by the                 old name -->            <interceptor-stack name="completeStack">                <interceptor-ref name="defaultStack"/>            </interceptor-stack>            <!-- Sample execute and wait stack.                 Note: execAndWait should always be the *last* interceptor. -->            <interceptor-stack name="executeAndWaitStack">                <interceptor-ref name="execAndWait">                    <param name="excludeMethods">input,back,cancel</param>                </interceptor-ref>                <interceptor-ref name="defaultStack"/>                <interceptor-ref name="execAndWait">                    <param name="excludeMethods">input,back,cancel</param>                </interceptor-ref>            </interceptor-stack>       </interceptors>        <default-interceptor-ref name="defaultStack"/>        <default-class-ref class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport" />    </package></struts>

 

1.bean节点指定struts在运行的时候创建的对象类型

2.在struts-default包[用户写的 package必须继承此包]

定义了

a:跳转的结果类型

dispatcher   转发，不指定默认为转发

redirect  重定向

redirectAction  重定向到action

stream  文件传输时使用

b:定义所有拦截器

32个拦截器

为了拦截器引用方便，可通过定义栈的方式引用拦截器。

此时如果引用了栈，栈中拦截器都会被引用

defaultStack定义了18个拦截器，按默认顺序执行

c:默认执行的拦截器和默认执行的 action

 

拦截器功能与过滤器功能类似

区别

     共同点：都拦截资源

     区别：

         过滤器   拦截所有资源

         拦截器，只拦截action

         

q　 拦截器什么时候执行

a     用户访问时候按顺序执行18个拦截器

4.执行18个拦截器

5.执行业务方法