1.ASP.NET MVC使用EPPlus,导出数据到Excel中

来源:互联网 发布:西电集团网络商学院 编辑:程序博客网 时间:2024/04/27 21:10

好久没写博客了,今天特地来更新一下,今天我们要学习的是如何导出数据到Excel文件中,这里我使用的是免费开源的Epplus组件。

源代码下载:https://github.com/caofangsheng93/ExcelExportInMvc

介绍

这篇文章,介绍的是怎样导出数据到Excel文件中,大多数的后端程序都有报表功能:把显示在Grid中的数据导出到Excel文件中,这篇文章中使用的是EPPlus组件。

EPPlus是一个基于OOXML【Open Extended Markup Language 】格式的,操作Excel表格的类库。OOXML是由微软开发的。默认支持微软的Office。

 开源网站:http://epplus.codeplex.com/

正文

上面是我们的项目。

首先我们需要引入:EPPlus。

我这里已经引入了。

当我们在程序中使用ORM的时候,我们通常将数据保存在集合中。集合中的数据不能直接导出到Excel文件中。这也就是我们为啥,需要先将List转DataTable的原因。

 Process Export to Excel

                                  图1 :导出Excel的步骤

 

 

为了完成这篇文章:我们需要四个步骤:

1.数据:这里我使用静态数据,来确保这篇文章尽可能通俗易懂。

2.集合:静态数据保存在集合中

3.DataTable:转化泛型集合的数据,保存到DataTable中

4.导出文件:DataTable导出为Excel

 

首先,我们创建一个类:

 public class Student    {        public int ID { get; set; }        public string Name { get; set; }        public string Sex { get; set; }        public int Age { get; set; }        public string Email { get; set; }    }

 

然后创建一个静态数据类:

public class StaticDataOfStudent    {        public static List<Student> ListStudent        {            get             {                return new List<Student>()                 {                new Student(){ID=1,Name="曹操",Sex="",Email="caocao@163.com",Age=24},                new Student(){ID=2,Name="李易峰",Sex="",Email="lilingjie@sina.com.cn",Age=24},                new Student(){ID=3,Name="张三丰",Sex="",Email="zhangsanfeng@qq.com",Age=224},                new Student(){ID=4,Name="孙权",Sex="",Email="sunquan@163.com",Age=1224},                };            }        }    }

 

然后就是我们的导出Excel帮助类了:

  /// <summary>    /// Excel导出帮助类    /// </summary>    public class ExcelExportHelper    {        public static string ExcelContentType        {            get             {                return "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet";            }        }        /// <summary>        /// List转DataTable        /// </summary>        /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>        /// <param name="data"></param>        /// <returns></returns>        public static DataTable ListToDataTable<T>(List<T> data)        {            PropertyDescriptorCollection properties = TypeDescriptor.GetProperties(typeof(T));            DataTable dataTable = new DataTable();            for (int i = 0; i < properties.Count; i++)            {                PropertyDescriptor property = properties[i];                  dataTable.Columns.Add(property.Name, Nullable.GetUnderlyingType(property.PropertyType) ?? property.PropertyType);              }            object[] values = new object[properties.Count];            foreach (T item in data)            {                for (int i = 0; i < values.Length; i++)                {                    values[i] = properties[i].GetValue(item);                }                dataTable.Rows.Add(values);            }            return dataTable;          }        /// <summary>        /// 导出Excel        /// </summary>        /// <param name="dataTable">数据源</param>        /// <param name="heading">工作簿Worksheet</param>        /// <param name="showSrNo">//是否显示行编号</param>        /// <param name="columnsToTake">要导出的列</param>        /// <returns></returns>        public static byte[] ExportExcel(DataTable dataTable, string heading = "", bool showSrNo = false, params string[] columnsToTake)        {            byte[] result = null;            using(ExcelPackage package=new ExcelPackage())            {                ExcelWorksheet workSheet = package.Workbook.Worksheets.Add(string.Format("{0}Data", heading));                int startRowFrom = string.IsNullOrEmpty(heading) ? 1 : 3;  //开始的行                //是否显示行编号                if (showSrNo)                {                    DataColumn dataColumn = dataTable.Columns.Add("#", typeof(int));                    dataColumn.SetOrdinal(0);                    int index = 1;                    foreach (DataRow item in dataTable.Rows)                    {                        item[0] = index;                        index++;                    }                }                //Add Content Into the Excel File                workSheet.Cells["A" + startRowFrom].LoadFromDataTable(dataTable, true);                // autofit width of cells with small content                  int columnIndex = 1;                foreach (DataColumn item in dataTable.Columns)                {                    ExcelRange columnCells = workSheet.Cells[workSheet.Dimension.Start.Row, columnIndex, workSheet.Dimension.End.Row, columnIndex];                      int maxLength = columnCells.Max(cell => cell.Value.ToString().Count());                      if (maxLength < 150)                      {                          workSheet.Column(columnIndex).AutoFit();                      }                      columnIndex++;                  }                // format header - bold, yellow on black                  using (ExcelRange r = workSheet.Cells[startRowFrom, 1, startRowFrom, dataTable.Columns.Count])                {                    r.Style.Font.Color.SetColor(System.Drawing.Color.White);                    r.Style.Font.Bold = true;                    r.Style.Fill.PatternType = OfficeOpenXml.Style.ExcelFillStyle.Solid;                    r.Style.Fill.BackgroundColor.SetColor(System.Drawing.ColorTranslator.FromHtml("#1fb5ad"));                }                // format cells - add borders                  using (ExcelRange r = workSheet.Cells[startRowFrom + 1, 1, startRowFrom + dataTable.Rows.Count, dataTable.Columns.Count])                {                    r.Style.Border.Top.Style = ExcelBorderStyle.Thin;                    r.Style.Border.Bottom.Style = ExcelBorderStyle.Thin;                    r.Style.Border.Left.Style = ExcelBorderStyle.Thin;                    r.Style.Border.Right.Style = ExcelBorderStyle.Thin;                    r.Style.Border.Top.Color.SetColor(System.Drawing.Color.Black);                    r.Style.Border.Bottom.Color.SetColor(System.Drawing.Color.Black);                    r.Style.Border.Left.Color.SetColor(System.Drawing.Color.Black);                    r.Style.Border.Right.Color.SetColor(System.Drawing.Color.Black);                }                // removed ignored columns                  for (int i = dataTable.Columns.Count - 1; i >= 0; i--)                {                    if (i == 0 && showSrNo)                    {                        continue;                    }                    if (!columnsToTake.Contains(dataTable.Columns[i].ColumnName))                    {                        workSheet.DeleteColumn(i + 1);                    }                }                if (!String.IsNullOrEmpty(heading))                {                    workSheet.Cells["A1"].Value = heading;                    workSheet.Cells["A1"].Style.Font.Size = 20;                    workSheet.InsertColumn(1, 1);                    workSheet.InsertRow(1, 1);                    workSheet.Column(1).Width = 5;                }                result = package.GetAsByteArray();              }            return result;        }        /// <summary>        /// 导出Excel        /// </summary>        /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>        /// <param name="data"></param>        /// <param name="heading"></param>        /// <param name="isShowSlNo"></param>        /// <param name="ColumnsToTake"></param>        /// <returns></returns>        public static byte[] ExportExcel<T>(List<T> data, string heading = "", bool isShowSlNo = false, params string[] ColumnsToTake)        {            return ExportExcel(ListToDataTable<T>(data), heading, isShowSlNo, ColumnsToTake);          }    }

 

到此为止,后端服务器的代码,基本搞完,现在开始设计我们的前端代码:

我们创建一个ViewModel,用来显示数据:

public class StudentViewModel    {        public List<Student> ListStudent        {            get             {                return StaticDataOfStudent.ListStudent;            }        }    }

然后创建一个控制器:

 public class HomeController : Controller    {        // GET: Home        public ActionResult Index()        {            StudentViewModel model = new StudentViewModel();            return View(model);        }        public FileContentResult ExportToExcel()        {            List<Student> lstStudent = StaticDataOfStudent.ListStudent;            string[] columns = { "ID", "Name","Age"};            byte[] filecontent = ExcelExportHelper.ExportExcel(lstStudent,"", false, columns);            return File(filecontent, ExcelExportHelper.ExcelContentType, "MyStudent.xlsx");          }    }

我们的视图代码:

@model ExportToExcel.Models.StudentViewModel@{    ViewBag.Title = "Excel文件导出";}<div class="panel">    <div class="panel-heading">        <a href="@Url.Action("ExportToExcel")" class="btn btn-primary">Export</a>    </div>    <div class="panel-body">        <table class="table table-striped table-bordered">            <thead>                <tr>                    <th>ID</th>                    <th>Name</th>                    <th>Sex</th>                    <th>Age</th>                    <th>Email</th>                </tr>            </thead>            <tbody>                @foreach (var item in Model.ListStudent)                {                    <tr>                        <td>@item.ID</td>                        <td>@item.Name</td>                        <td>@item.Sex</td>                        <td>@item.Age</td>                        <td>@item.Email</td>                    </tr>                }            </tbody>        </table>    </div></div>  

 

效果图:

点击Export之后,就导出了Excel文件到浏览器中:打开之后。

 总结:这个导出帮助类,可以定制导出那些列。

            string[] columns = { "ID", "Name","Age"};            byte[] filecontent = ExcelExportHelper.ExportExcel(lstStudent,"", false, columns);            return File(filecontent, ExcelExportHelper.ExcelContentType, "MyStudent.xlsx");  
这里我只是导出这三列。

类似资料参考:http://www.cnblogs.com/liudeyun/p/3535740.html
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