消息队列MQ实践----实现Queue(队列消息)和Topic(主题消息)两种模式

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之前有篇文件介绍了生产消费者模式(http://blog.csdn.net/canot/article/details/51541920),当时是通过BlockingQueue阻塞队列来实现,以及在Redis中使用pub/sub模式(http://blog.csdn.net/canot/article/details/51938955)。而实际项目中往往是通过JMS使用消息队列来实现这两种模式的。

JMS(Java Messaging Service)是Java平台上有关面向消息中间件的技术规范,它便于消息系统中的Java应用程序进行消息交换,并且通过提供标准的产生、发送、接收消息的接口简化企业应用的开发。
JMS类似与JDBC,sun提供接口,由各个厂商(provider)来进行具体的实现。市面上众多成熟的JMS规范实现的框架Kafk,RabbitMQ,ActiveMQ,ZeroMQ,RocketMQ等。

JMS的队列消息(Queue)传递过程如下图:

这里写图片描述

对于Queue模式,一个发布者发布消息,下面的接收者按队列顺序接收,比如发布了10个消息,两个接收者A,B那就是A,B总共会收到10条消息,不重复。

JMS的主题消息传递过程如下图:

这里写图片描述

对于Topic模式,一个发布者发布消息,有两个接收者A,B来订阅,那么发布了10条消息,A,B各收到10条消息。

我们从ActiveMQ来实践:(安装部署省掉)

Queue模式实践:

消息生产者:

public class Sender {      public static void main(String[] args) throws JMSException, InterruptedException {          // ConnectionFactory :连接工厂,JMS 用它创建连接          //61616是ActiveMQ默认端口        ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new ActiveMQConnectionFactory(                                                    ActiveMQConnection.DEFAULT_USER,                                                    ActiveMQConnection.DEFAULT_PASSWORD,                                                    "tcp://localhost:61616");          // Connection :JMS 客户端到JMS Provider 的连接          Connection connection =  connectionFactory.createConnection();          connection.start();          // Session: 一个发送或接收消息的线程          Session session = connection.createSession(true, Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE);          // Destination :消息的目的地;消息发送给谁.          Destination destination =  session.createQueue("my-queue");          // MessageProducer:消息发送者          MessageProducer producer =  session.createProducer(destination);          // 设置不持久化,可以更改          producer.setDeliveryMode(DeliveryMode.NON_PERSISTENT);          for(int i=0;i<10;i++){              //创建文本消息              TextMessage message = session.createTextMessage("hello.I am producer, this is a test message"+i);              Thread.sleep(1000);              //发送消息              producer.send(message);          }          session.commit();          session.close();          connection.close();      }  }  

消息接收者

    // ConnectionFactory :连接工厂,JMS 用它创建连接     private static ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new ActiveMQConnectionFactory(ActiveMQConnection.DEFAULT_USER,             ActiveMQConnection.DEFAULT_PASSWORD, "tcp://localhost:61616");     public static void main(String[] args) throws JMSException {          // Connection :JMS 客户端到JMS Provider 的连接          final Connection connection =  connectionFactory.createConnection();          connection.start();          // Session: 一个发送或接收消息的线程          final Session session = connection.createSession(true, Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE);          // Destination :消息的目的地;消息送谁那获取.          Destination destination =  session.createQueue("my-queue");          // 消费者,消息接收者          MessageConsumer consumer1 =  session.createConsumer(destination);          consumer1.setMessageListener(new MessageListener() {                  @Override                  public void onMessage(Message msg) {                      try {                          TextMessage message = (TextMessage)msg ;                          System.out.println("consumerOne收到消息: "+message.getText());                          session.commit();                      } catch (JMSException e) {                                        e.printStackTrace();                      }                  }              });  }  

运行之后控制台不会退出一直监听消息库,对于消息发送者的十条信息,控制输出:

consumerOne收到消息: hello.I am producer, this is a test message0
consumerOne收到消息: hello.I am producer, this is a test message1
consumerOne收到消息: hello.I am producer, this is a test message2
consumerOne收到消息: hello.I am producer, this is a test message3
consumerOne收到消息: hello.I am producer, this is a test message4
consumerOne收到消息: hello.I am producer, this is a test message5
consumerOne收到消息: hello.I am producer, this is a test message6
consumerOne收到消息: hello.I am producer, this is a test message7
consumerOne收到消息: hello.I am producer, this is a test message8
consumerOne收到消息: hello.I am producer, this is a test message9
如果此时另外一个线程也存在消费者监听该Queue,则两者交换输出,共输出10条

Topic模式实现

消息发布者

public static void main(String[] args) throws JMSException, InterruptedException {        // ConnectionFactory :连接工厂,JMS 用它创建连接          //61616是ActiveMQ默认端口        ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new ActiveMQConnectionFactory(                                                    ActiveMQConnection.DEFAULT_USER,                                                    ActiveMQConnection.DEFAULT_PASSWORD,                                                    "tcp://localhost:61616");          // Connection :JMS 客户端到JMS Provider 的连接          Connection connection =  connectionFactory.createConnection();          connection.start();          // Session: 一个发送或接收消息的线程          Session session = connection.createSession(true, Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE);          // Destination :消息的目的地;消息发送给谁.          //Destination destination =  session.createQueue("my-queue");          Destination destination = session.createTopic("STOCKS.myTopic"); //创建topic   myTopic        // MessageProducer:消息发送者          MessageProducer producer =  session.createProducer(destination);          // 设置不持久化,可以更改          producer.setDeliveryMode(DeliveryMode.NON_PERSISTENT);          for(int i=0;i<10;i++){              //创建文本消息              TextMessage message = session.createTextMessage("hello.I am producer, this is a test message"+i);              //发送消息              producer.send(message);          }          session.commit();          session.close();          connection.close();    }  

消息订阅者

private static ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new ActiveMQConnectionFactory(ActiveMQConnection.DEFAULT_USER,            ActiveMQConnection.DEFAULT_PASSWORD, "tcp://localhost:61616");    public void run() {        // Connection :JMS 客户端到JMS Provider 的连接        try {            final Connection connection = connectionFactory.createConnection();            connection.start();            // Session: 一个发送或接收消息的线程            final Session session = connection.createSession(true, Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE);            // Destination :消息的目的地;消息送谁那获取.            // Destination destination = session.createQueue("my-queue");            Destination destination = session.createTopic("STOCKS.myTopic"); // 创建topic                                                                                // myTopic            // 消费者,消息接收者            MessageConsumer consumer1 = session.createConsumer(destination);            consumer1.setMessageListener(new MessageListener() {                public void onMessage(Message msg) {                    try {                        TextMessage message = (TextMessage) msg;                        System.out.println("consumerOne收到消息: " + message.getText());                        session.commit();                    } catch (JMSException e) {                        e.printStackTrace();                    }                }            });            // 再来一个消费者,消息接收者            MessageConsumer consumer2 = session.createConsumer(destination);            consumer2.setMessageListener(new MessageListener() {                public void onMessage(Message msg) {                    try {                        TextMessage message = (TextMessage) msg;                        System.out.println("consumerTwo收到消息: " + message.getText());                        session.commit();                    } catch (JMSException e) {                        e.printStackTrace();                    }                }            });        } catch (Exception e) {        }    }

最后消息会重复输出:
consumerOne收到消息: hello.I am producer, this is a test message0
consumerTwo收到消息: hello.I am producer, this is a test message0
consumerOne收到消息: hello.I am producer, this is a test message1
consumerTwo收到消息: hello.I am producer, this is a test message1
consumerOne收到消息: hello.I am producer, this is a test message2
consumerTwo收到消息: hello.I am producer, this is a test message2
consumerOne收到消息: hello.I am producer, this is a test message3
consumerTwo收到消息: hello.I am producer, this is a test message3
consumerOne收到消息: hello.I am producer, this is a test message4
consumerTwo收到消息: hello.I am producer, this is a test message4
consumerOne收到消息: hello.I am producer, this is a test message5
consumerTwo收到消息: hello.I am producer, this is a test message5
consumerOne收到消息: hello.I am producer, this is a test message6
consumerTwo收到消息: hello.I am producer, this is a test message6
consumerOne收到消息: hello.I am producer, this is a test message7
consumerTwo收到消息: hello.I am producer, this is a test message7
consumerOne收到消息: hello.I am producer, this is a test message8
consumerTwo收到消息: hello.I am producer, this is a test message8
consumerOne收到消息: hello.I am producer, this is a test message9

我们简单总结一下使用MQ的过程:

  • 1.创建与MQ的链接
  • 2.创建消息的目的地或者来原地即Destination
  • 3.发送消息或者制定对应的MessageListener

上述就是关于MQ两种消息模型的简单应用,至于具体的细节。如在消费者监听消息时有哪些Listener类型,生产者发送消息时有哪些Message类型。生成Session时参数1表示是否开启事务,至于事务的处理,消息的持久化等等。后面慢慢介绍。

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