Linux Wireless架构总结

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1、无线网络驱动(ath9k_htc)

     ath9k_htc是一个基于USB接口的SoftMAC无线网络适配器。为了其驱动能正常工作,首先必须调用usb_register来注册驱动定义的usb_driver,以借助USB Core的力量来处理与USB协议相关的事件。其代码如下:
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  1. static struct usb_driver ath9k_hif_usb_driver = {    
  2.     .name = KBUILD_MODNAME,    
  3.     .probe = ath9k_hif_usb_probe,    
  4.     .disconnect = ath9k_hif_usb_disconnect,    
  5. #ifdef CONFIG_PM    
  6.     .suspend = ath9k_hif_usb_suspend,    
  7.     .resume = ath9k_hif_usb_resume,    
  8.     .reset_resume = ath9k_hif_usb_resume,    
  9. #endif    
  10.     .id_table = ath9k_hif_usb_ids,    
  11.     .soft_unbind = 1,    
  12. };    
static struct usb_driver ath9k_hif_usb_driver = {      .name = KBUILD_MODNAME,      .probe = ath9k_hif_usb_probe,      .disconnect = ath9k_hif_usb_disconnect,  

ifdef CONFIG_PM

.suspend = ath9k_hif_usb_suspend,  .resume = ath9k_hif_usb_resume,  .reset_resume = ath9k_hif_usb_resume,  

endif

.id_table = ath9k_hif_usb_ids,  .soft_unbind = 1,  

};


2. 关键数据结构

1) struct ieee80211_hw: 它包含802.11 PHY的配置和硬件信息





2.1 各层间关键数据接口




3、USB无线适配器枚举过程 

     当此基于USB接口的无线网络适配器被枚举时,ath9k_hif_usb_probe将被调用。其调用流程如下图所示:




3.1 struct ieee80211_ops 实例 ath9k_htc_ops(驱动实现)

       ath9k_htc_ops: mac80211通过这些回调函数回调driver的处理函数。ath9k_htc为了接受mac80211的管理,它必须首先向mac80211注册,以申明自己的存在,从而可以接受mac80211的调用。

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  1. struct ieee80211_ops ath9k_htc_ops = {    
  2.     .tx                 = ath9k_htc_tx,  // 发送mac80211要求发送的帧    
  3.     .start              = ath9k_htc_start, // 第一个被attach到此硬件的net_device被enable之前被调用,之后,可以接收帧数据    
  4.     .stop               = ath9k_htc_stop,  // 最后一个被attach到此硬件的net_device被disable之后被调用,之后,不可以接收帧数据    
  5.     .add_interface      = ath9k_htc_add_interface, // 当一个被attach到此硬件的net_device被enable时被调用    
  6.     .remove_interface   = ath9k_htc_remove_interface, // 通知driver一个接口将要going down    
  7.     .config             = ath9k_htc_config,           // mac802.11调用它修改硬件配置    
  8.     .configure_filter   = ath9k_htc_configure_filter, // 配置设备的接收过滤器    
  9.     .sta_add            = ath9k_htc_sta_add,    
  10.     .sta_remove         = ath9k_htc_sta_remove,    
  11.     .conf_tx            = ath9k_htc_conf_tx,    
  12.     .bss_info_changed   = ath9k_htc_bss_info_changed,    
  13.     .set_key            = ath9k_htc_set_key,    
  14.     .get_tsf            = ath9k_htc_get_tsf,    
  15.     .set_tsf            = ath9k_htc_set_tsf,    
  16.     .reset_tsf          = ath9k_htc_reset_tsf,    
  17.     .ampdu_action       = ath9k_htc_ampdu_action,    
  18.     .sw_scan_start      = ath9k_htc_sw_scan_start,    
  19.     .sw_scan_complete   = ath9k_htc_sw_scan_complete,    
  20.     .set_rts_threshold  = ath9k_htc_set_rts_threshold,    
  21.     .rfkill_poll        = ath9k_htc_rfkill_poll_state,    
  22.     .set_coverage_class = ath9k_htc_set_coverage_class,    
  23.     .set_bitrate_mask   = ath9k_htc_set_bitrate_mask,    
  24. };    
struct ieee80211_ops ath9k_htc_ops = {      .tx                 = ath9k_htc_tx,  // 发送mac80211要求发送的帧      .start              = ath9k_htc_start, // 第一个被attach到此硬件的net_device被enable之前被调用,之后,可以接收帧数据      .stop               = ath9k_htc_stop,  // 最后一个被attach到此硬件的net_device被disable之后被调用,之后,不可以接收帧数据      .add_interface      = ath9k_htc_add_interface, // 当一个被attach到此硬件的net_device被enable时被调用      .remove_interface   = ath9k_htc_remove_interface, // 通知driver一个接口将要going down      .config             = ath9k_htc_config,           // mac802.11调用它修改硬件配置      .configure_filter   = ath9k_htc_configure_filter, // 配置设备的接收过滤器      .sta_add            = ath9k_htc_sta_add,      .sta_remove         = ath9k_htc_sta_remove,      .conf_tx            = ath9k_htc_conf_tx,      .bss_info_changed   = ath9k_htc_bss_info_changed,      .set_key            = ath9k_htc_set_key,      .get_tsf            = ath9k_htc_get_tsf,      .set_tsf            = ath9k_htc_set_tsf,      .reset_tsf          = ath9k_htc_reset_tsf,      .ampdu_action       = ath9k_htc_ampdu_action,      .sw_scan_start      = ath9k_htc_sw_scan_start,      .sw_scan_complete   = ath9k_htc_sw_scan_complete,      .set_rts_threshold  = ath9k_htc_set_rts_threshold,      .rfkill_poll        = ath9k_htc_rfkill_poll_state,      .set_coverage_class = ath9k_htc_set_coverage_class,      .set_bitrate_mask   = ath9k_htc_set_bitrate_mask,  };  


3.2 struct cfg80211_ops 实例 mac80211_config_ops(mac80211实现)  

   cfg80211_ops定义了无线配置的操作,在它的增加虚拟接口(ieee80211_add_iface)中,它将创建并注册net_device。在mac80211中,其定义如下所示:

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  1. struct cfg80211_ops mac80211_config_ops = {    
  2.     .add_virtual_intf = ieee80211_add_iface, //使用给定的名字创建一个”虚拟接口”,在wiphy的命名空间中创建net_device并返回    
  3.     .del_virtual_intf = ieee80211_del_iface, //删除由ifindex指定的”虚拟接口”    
  4.     .change_virtual_intf = ieee80211_change_iface,    
  5.     .add_key = ieee80211_add_key,    
  6.     .del_key = ieee80211_del_key,    
  7.     .get_key = ieee80211_get_key,    
  8.     .set_default_key = ieee80211_config_default_key,    
  9.     .set_default_mgmt_key = ieee80211_config_default_mgmt_key,    
  10.     .add_beacon = ieee80211_add_beacon,    
  11.     .set_beacon = ieee80211_set_beacon,    
  12.     .del_beacon = ieee80211_del_beacon,    
  13.     .add_station = ieee80211_add_station,    
  14.     .del_station = ieee80211_del_station,    
  15.     .change_station = ieee80211_change_station,    
  16.     .get_station = ieee80211_get_station,    
  17.     .dump_station = ieee80211_dump_station,    
  18.     .dump_survey = ieee80211_dump_survey,    
  19. #ifdef CONFIG_MAC80211_MESH    
  20.     .add_mpath = ieee80211_add_mpath,    
  21.     .del_mpath = ieee80211_del_mpath,    
  22.     .change_mpath = ieee80211_change_mpath,    
  23.     .get_mpath = ieee80211_get_mpath,    
  24.     .dump_mpath = ieee80211_dump_mpath,    
  25.     .update_mesh_config = ieee80211_update_mesh_config,    
  26.     .get_mesh_config = ieee80211_get_mesh_config,    
  27.     .join_mesh = ieee80211_join_mesh,    
  28.     .leave_mesh = ieee80211_leave_mesh,    
  29. #endif    
  30.     .change_bss = ieee80211_change_bss,    
  31.     .set_txq_params = ieee80211_set_txq_params,    
  32.     .set_channel = ieee80211_set_channel,    
  33.     .suspend = ieee80211_suspend,    
  34.     .resume = ieee80211_resume,    
  35.     .scan = ieee80211_scan,    
  36.     .sched_scan_start = ieee80211_sched_scan_start,    
  37.     .sched_scan_stop = ieee80211_sched_scan_stop,    
  38.     .auth = ieee80211_auth,    
  39.     .assoc = ieee80211_assoc,    
  40.     .deauth = ieee80211_deauth,    
  41.     .disassoc = ieee80211_disassoc,    
  42.     .join_ibss = ieee80211_join_ibss,    
  43.     .leave_ibss = ieee80211_leave_ibss,    
  44.     .set_wiphy_params = ieee80211_set_wiphy_params,    
  45.     .set_tx_power = ieee80211_set_tx_power,    
  46.     .get_tx_power = ieee80211_get_tx_power,    
  47.     .set_wds_peer = ieee80211_set_wds_peer,    
  48.     .rfkill_poll = ieee80211_rfkill_poll,    
  49.     CFG80211_TESTMODE_CMD(ieee80211_testmode_cmd)    
  50.     .set_power_mgmt = ieee80211_set_power_mgmt,    
  51.     .set_bitrate_mask = ieee80211_set_bitrate_mask,    
  52.     .remain_on_channel = ieee80211_remain_on_channel,    
  53.     .cancel_remain_on_channel = ieee80211_cancel_remain_on_channel,    
  54.     .mgmt_tx = ieee80211_mgmt_tx,    
  55.     .mgmt_tx_cancel_wait = ieee80211_mgmt_tx_cancel_wait,    
  56.     .set_cqm_rssi_config = ieee80211_set_cqm_rssi_config,    
  57.     .mgmt_frame_register = ieee80211_mgmt_frame_register,    
  58.     .set_antenna = ieee80211_set_antenna,    
  59.     .get_antenna = ieee80211_get_antenna,    
  60.     .set_ringparam = ieee80211_set_ringparam,    
  61.     .get_ringparam = ieee80211_get_ringparam,    
  62. }    
struct cfg80211_ops mac80211_config_ops = {      .add_virtual_intf = ieee80211_add_iface, //使用给定的名字创建一个"虚拟接口",在wiphy的命名空间中创建net_device并返回      .del_virtual_intf = ieee80211_del_iface, //删除由ifindex指定的"虚拟接口"      .change_virtual_intf = ieee80211_change_iface,      .add_key = ieee80211_add_key,      .del_key = ieee80211_del_key,      .get_key = ieee80211_get_key,      .set_default_key = ieee80211_config_default_key,      .set_default_mgmt_key = ieee80211_config_default_mgmt_key,      .add_beacon = ieee80211_add_beacon,      .set_beacon = ieee80211_set_beacon,      .del_beacon = ieee80211_del_beacon,      .add_station = ieee80211_add_station,      .del_station = ieee80211_del_station,      .change_station = ieee80211_change_station,      .get_station = ieee80211_get_station,      .dump_station = ieee80211_dump_station,      .dump_survey = ieee80211_dump_survey,  
#ifdef CONFIG_MAC80211_MESH .add_mpath = ieee80211_add_mpath, .del_mpath = ieee80211_del_mpath, .change_mpath = ieee80211_change_mpath, .get_mpath = ieee80211_get_mpath, .dump_mpath = ieee80211_dump_mpath, .update_mesh_config = ieee80211_update_mesh_config, .get_mesh_config = ieee80211_get_mesh_config, .join_mesh = ieee80211_join_mesh, .leave_mesh = ieee80211_leave_mesh, #endif .change_bss = ieee80211_change_bss, .set_txq_params = ieee80211_set_txq_params, .set_channel = ieee80211_set_channel, .suspend = ieee80211_suspend, .resume = ieee80211_resume, .scan = ieee80211_scan, .sched_scan_start = ieee80211_sched_scan_start, .sched_scan_stop = ieee80211_sched_scan_stop, .auth = ieee80211_auth, .assoc = ieee80211_assoc, .deauth = ieee80211_deauth, .disassoc = ieee80211_disassoc, .join_ibss = ieee80211_join_ibss, .leave_ibss = ieee80211_leave_ibss, .set_wiphy_params = ieee80211_set_wiphy_params, .set_tx_power = ieee80211_set_tx_power, .get_tx_power = ieee80211_get_tx_power, .set_wds_peer = ieee80211_set_wds_peer, .rfkill_poll = ieee80211_rfkill_poll, CFG80211_TESTMODE_CMD(ieee80211_testmode_cmd) .set_power_mgmt = ieee80211_set_power_mgmt, .set_bitrate_mask = ieee80211_set_bitrate_mask, .remain_on_channel = ieee80211_remain_on_channel, .cancel_remain_on_channel = ieee80211_cancel_remain_on_channel, .mgmt_tx = ieee80211_mgmt_tx, .mgmt_tx_cancel_wait = ieee80211_mgmt_tx_cancel_wait, .set_cqm_rssi_config = ieee80211_set_cqm_rssi_config, .mgmt_frame_register = ieee80211_mgmt_frame_register, .set_antenna = ieee80211_set_antenna, .get_antenna = ieee80211_get_antenna, .set_ringparam = ieee80211_set_ringparam, .get_ringparam = ieee80211_get_ringparam, }


3.3 struct iw_handler_def  实例 cfg80211_wext_handler(wireless实现)

      cfg80211_wext_handler实现了wext要求的ioctl操作,将通过net_device->wireless_handlers->standard[ioctl cmd- SIOCIWFIRST]来进行调用。在net/wireless/wext-compat.c中的定义如下所示:

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  1. tatic const iw_handler cfg80211_handlers[] = {    
  2.     [IW_IOCTL_IDX(SIOCGIWNAME)] = (iw_handler) cfg80211_wext_giwname,    
  3.     [IW_IOCTL_IDX(SIOCSIWFREQ)] = (iw_handler) cfg80211_wext_siwfreq,    
  4.     [IW_IOCTL_IDX(SIOCGIWFREQ)] = (iw_handler) cfg80211_wext_giwfreq,    
  5.     [IW_IOCTL_IDX(SIOCSIWMODE)] = (iw_handler) cfg80211_wext_siwmode,    
  6.     [IW_IOCTL_IDX(SIOCGIWMODE)] = (iw_handler) cfg80211_wext_giwmode,    
  7.     [IW_IOCTL_IDX(SIOCGIWRANGE)]    = (iw_handler) cfg80211_wext_giwrange,    
  8.     [IW_IOCTL_IDX(SIOCSIWAP)]   = (iw_handler) cfg80211_wext_siwap,    
  9.     [IW_IOCTL_IDX(SIOCGIWAP)]   = (iw_handler) cfg80211_wext_giwap,    
  10.     [IW_IOCTL_IDX(SIOCSIWMLME)] = (iw_handler) cfg80211_wext_siwmlme,    
  11.     [IW_IOCTL_IDX(SIOCSIWSCAN)] = (iw_handler) cfg80211_wext_siwscan,    
  12.     [IW_IOCTL_IDX(SIOCGIWSCAN)] = (iw_handler) cfg80211_wext_giwscan,    
  13.     [IW_IOCTL_IDX(SIOCSIWESSID)]    = (iw_handler) cfg80211_wext_siwessid,    
  14.     [IW_IOCTL_IDX(SIOCGIWESSID)]    = (iw_handler) cfg80211_wext_giwessid,    
  15.     [IW_IOCTL_IDX(SIOCSIWRATE)] = (iw_handler) cfg80211_wext_siwrate,    
  16.     [IW_IOCTL_IDX(SIOCGIWRATE)] = (iw_handler) cfg80211_wext_giwrate,    
  17.     [IW_IOCTL_IDX(SIOCSIWRTS)]  = (iw_handler) cfg80211_wext_siwrts,    
  18.     [IW_IOCTL_IDX(SIOCGIWRTS)]  = (iw_handler) cfg80211_wext_giwrts,    
  19.     [IW_IOCTL_IDX(SIOCSIWFRAG)] = (iw_handler) cfg80211_wext_siwfrag,    
  20.     [IW_IOCTL_IDX(SIOCGIWFRAG)] = (iw_handler) cfg80211_wext_giwfrag,    
  21.     [IW_IOCTL_IDX(SIOCSIWTXPOW)]    = (iw_handler) cfg80211_wext_siwtxpower,    
  22.     [IW_IOCTL_IDX(SIOCGIWTXPOW)]    = (iw_handler) cfg80211_wext_giwtxpower,    
  23.     [IW_IOCTL_IDX(SIOCSIWRETRY)]    = (iw_handler) cfg80211_wext_siwretry,    
  24.     [IW_IOCTL_IDX(SIOCGIWRETRY)]    = (iw_handler) cfg80211_wext_giwretry,    
  25.     [IW_IOCTL_IDX(SIOCSIWENCODE)]   = (iw_handler) cfg80211_wext_siwencode,    
  26.     [IW_IOCTL_IDX(SIOCGIWENCODE)]   = (iw_handler) cfg80211_wext_giwencode,    
  27.     [IW_IOCTL_IDX(SIOCSIWPOWER)]    = (iw_handler) cfg80211_wext_siwpower,    
  28.     [IW_IOCTL_IDX(SIOCGIWPOWER)]    = (iw_handler) cfg80211_wext_giwpower,    
  29.     [IW_IOCTL_IDX(SIOCSIWGENIE)]    = (iw_handler) cfg80211_wext_siwgenie,    
  30.     [IW_IOCTL_IDX(SIOCSIWAUTH)] = (iw_handler) cfg80211_wext_siwauth,    
  31.     [IW_IOCTL_IDX(SIOCGIWAUTH)] = (iw_handler) cfg80211_wext_giwauth,    
  32.     [IW_IOCTL_IDX(SIOCSIWENCODEEXT)]= (iw_handler) cfg80211_wext_siwencodeext,    
  33.     [IW_IOCTL_IDX(SIOCSIWPMKSA)]    = (iw_handler) cfg80211_wext_siwpmksa,    
  34.   [IW_IOCTL_IDX(SIOCSIWPRIV)] = (iw_handler)cfg80211_wext_setpriv    
  35. };    
  36.     
  37. const struct iw_handler_def cfg80211_wext_handler = {    
  38.     .num_standard       = ARRAY_SIZE(cfg80211_handlers),    
  39.     .standard       = cfg80211_handlers,    
  40.     .get_wireless_stats = cfg80211_wireless_stats,    
tatic const iw_handler cfg80211_handlers[] = {      [IW_IOCTL_IDX(SIOCGIWNAME)] = (iw_handler) cfg80211_wext_giwname,      [IW_IOCTL_IDX(SIOCSIWFREQ)] = (iw_handler) cfg80211_wext_siwfreq,      [IW_IOCTL_IDX(SIOCGIWFREQ)] = (iw_handler) cfg80211_wext_giwfreq,      [IW_IOCTL_IDX(SIOCSIWMODE)] = (iw_handler) cfg80211_wext_siwmode,      [IW_IOCTL_IDX(SIOCGIWMODE)] = (iw_handler) cfg80211_wext_giwmode,      [IW_IOCTL_IDX(SIOCGIWRANGE)]    = (iw_handler) cfg80211_wext_giwrange,      [IW_IOCTL_IDX(SIOCSIWAP)]   = (iw_handler) cfg80211_wext_siwap,      [IW_IOCTL_IDX(SIOCGIWAP)]   = (iw_handler) cfg80211_wext_giwap,      [IW_IOCTL_IDX(SIOCSIWMLME)] = (iw_handler) cfg80211_wext_siwmlme,      [IW_IOCTL_IDX(SIOCSIWSCAN)] = (iw_handler) cfg80211_wext_siwscan,      [IW_IOCTL_IDX(SIOCGIWSCAN)] = (iw_handler) cfg80211_wext_giwscan,      [IW_IOCTL_IDX(SIOCSIWESSID)]    = (iw_handler) cfg80211_wext_siwessid,      [IW_IOCTL_IDX(SIOCGIWESSID)]    = (iw_handler) cfg80211_wext_giwessid,      [IW_IOCTL_IDX(SIOCSIWRATE)] = (iw_handler) cfg80211_wext_siwrate,      [IW_IOCTL_IDX(SIOCGIWRATE)] = (iw_handler) cfg80211_wext_giwrate,      [IW_IOCTL_IDX(SIOCSIWRTS)]  = (iw_handler) cfg80211_wext_siwrts,      [IW_IOCTL_IDX(SIOCGIWRTS)]  = (iw_handler) cfg80211_wext_giwrts,      [IW_IOCTL_IDX(SIOCSIWFRAG)] = (iw_handler) cfg80211_wext_siwfrag,      [IW_IOCTL_IDX(SIOCGIWFRAG)] = (iw_handler) cfg80211_wext_giwfrag,      [IW_IOCTL_IDX(SIOCSIWTXPOW)]    = (iw_handler) cfg80211_wext_siwtxpower,      [IW_IOCTL_IDX(SIOCGIWTXPOW)]    = (iw_handler) cfg80211_wext_giwtxpower,      [IW_IOCTL_IDX(SIOCSIWRETRY)]    = (iw_handler) cfg80211_wext_siwretry,      [IW_IOCTL_IDX(SIOCGIWRETRY)]    = (iw_handler) cfg80211_wext_giwretry,      [IW_IOCTL_IDX(SIOCSIWENCODE)]   = (iw_handler) cfg80211_wext_siwencode,      [IW_IOCTL_IDX(SIOCGIWENCODE)]   = (iw_handler) cfg80211_wext_giwencode,      [IW_IOCTL_IDX(SIOCSIWPOWER)]    = (iw_handler) cfg80211_wext_siwpower,      [IW_IOCTL_IDX(SIOCGIWPOWER)]    = (iw_handler) cfg80211_wext_giwpower,      [IW_IOCTL_IDX(SIOCSIWGENIE)]    = (iw_handler) cfg80211_wext_siwgenie,      [IW_IOCTL_IDX(SIOCSIWAUTH)] = (iw_handler) cfg80211_wext_siwauth,      [IW_IOCTL_IDX(SIOCGIWAUTH)] = (iw_handler) cfg80211_wext_giwauth,      [IW_IOCTL_IDX(SIOCSIWENCODEEXT)]= (iw_handler) cfg80211_wext_siwencodeext,      [IW_IOCTL_IDX(SIOCSIWPMKSA)]    = (iw_handler) cfg80211_wext_siwpmksa,    [IW_IOCTL_IDX(SIOCSIWPRIV)] = (iw_handler)cfg80211_wext_setpriv  };  const struct iw_handler_def cfg80211_wext_handler = {      .num_standard       = ARRAY_SIZE(cfg80211_handlers),      .standard       = cfg80211_handlers,      .get_wireless_stats = cfg80211_wireless_stats,  


4、创建并注册net_device

             当执行mac80211_config_ops-> ieee80211_add_iface时,它将创建net_device和对应的ieee80211_sub_if_data, 然后主要做了以下几件事:

1) 把net_device对应的名字增加到/sys/class/net/目录下   
2) 把新创建的net_device插入到init_net->dev_base_head中
3) 通知上层协议,有一个新的net_device出现了,大家可以使用它了
4) 把新创建的ieee80211_sub_if_data增加到ieee80211_local的interfaces列表中        

其流程如下图所示:


  

mac80211中定义的net_device_ops ieee80211_dataif_ops,以下这些方法,都有一个struct net_device参数。其具体定义如下:   

[cpp] view plain copy
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  1. static const struct net_device_ops ieee80211_dataif_ops = {    
  2.     .ndo_open       = ieee80211_open,              // net_device变换到 UP 时被调用    
  3.     .ndo_stop       = ieee80211_stop,              // net_device变换到 Down 时被调用    
  4.     .ndo_uninit     = ieee80211_teardown_sdata,    // 取消注册或注册失败时调用    
  5.     .ndo_start_xmit     = ieee80211_subif_start_xmit,  // 需要发送包时被调用    
  6.     .ndo_set_multicast_list = ieee80211_set_multicast_list,// 多播地址列表变化时被调用    
  7.     .ndo_change_mtu     = ieee80211_change_mtu,        // 当用户想改变一个设备的MTU时被调用    
  8.     .ndo_set_mac_address    = ieee80211_change_mac,        // mac地址需要改变时被调用    
  9.     .ndo_select_queue   = ieee80211_netdev_select_queue, //当net_device支持多个发送队列时,用来决定使用哪个队列    
  10. };    
static const struct net_device_ops ieee80211_dataif_ops = {      .ndo_open       = ieee80211_open,              // net_device变换到 UP 时被调用      .ndo_stop       = ieee80211_stop,              // net_device变换到 Down 时被调用      .ndo_uninit     = ieee80211_teardown_sdata,    // 取消注册或注册失败时调用      .ndo_start_xmit     = ieee80211_subif_start_xmit,  // 需要发送包时被调用      .ndo_set_multicast_list = ieee80211_set_multicast_list,// 多播地址列表变化时被调用      .ndo_change_mtu     = ieee80211_change_mtu,        // 当用户想改变一个设备的MTU时被调用      .ndo_set_mac_address    = ieee80211_change_mac,        // mac地址需要改变时被调用      .ndo_select_queue   = ieee80211_netdev_select_queue, //当net_device支持多个发送队列时,用来决定使用哪个队列  };  


mac80211中初始化net_device->netdev_ops:

[cpp] view plain copy
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  1. static void ieee80211_if_setup(struct net_device *dev)    
  2. {    
  3.     ether_setup(dev);    
  4.     dev->priv_flags &= ~IFF_TX_SKB_SHARING;    
  5.     dev->netdev_ops = &ieee80211_dataif_ops;    
  6.     dev->destructor = free_netdev;    
  7. }    
static void ieee80211_if_setup(struct net_device *dev)  {      ether_setup(dev);      dev->priv_flags &= ~IFF_TX_SKB_SHARING;      dev->netdev_ops = &ieee80211_dataif_ops;      dev->destructor = free_netdev;  }  


5. 数据接收(Data RX)流程

   数据接收流程如下图所示:



IP层与TCP/UDP层接口定义如下:

[cpp] view plain copy
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  1. static const struct net_protocol tcp_protocol = {    
  2.     .handler =  tcp_v4_rcv,    
  3.     .err_handler =  tcp_v4_err,    
  4.     .gso_send_check = tcp_v4_gso_send_check,    
  5.     .gso_segment =  tcp_tso_segment,    
  6.     .gro_receive =  tcp4_gro_receive,    
  7.     .gro_complete = tcp4_gro_complete,    
  8.     .no_policy =    1,    
  9.     .netns_ok = 1,    
  10. };    
  11.     
  12. static const struct net_protocol udp_protocol = {    
  13.     .handler =  udp_rcv,    
  14.     .err_handler =  udp_err,    
  15.     .gso_send_check = udp4_ufo_send_check,    
  16.     .gso_segment = udp4_ufo_fragment,    
  17.     .no_policy =    1,    
  18.     .netns_ok = 1,    
  19. };    
  20.     
  21. static const struct net_protocol icmp_protocol = {    
  22.     .handler =  icmp_rcv,    
  23.     .err_handler =  ping_err,    
  24.     .no_policy =    1,    
  25.     .netns_ok = 1,    
  26. };    
static const struct net_protocol tcp_protocol = {      .handler =  tcp_v4_rcv,      .err_handler =  tcp_v4_err,      .gso_send_check = tcp_v4_gso_send_check,      .gso_segment =  tcp_tso_segment,      .gro_receive =  tcp4_gro_receive,      .gro_complete = tcp4_gro_complete,      .no_policy =    1,      .netns_ok = 1,  };  static const struct net_protocol udp_protocol = {      .handler =  udp_rcv,      .err_handler =  udp_err,      .gso_send_check = udp4_ufo_send_check,      .gso_segment = udp4_ufo_fragment,      .no_policy =    1,      .netns_ok = 1,  };  static const struct net_protocol icmp_protocol = {      .handler =  icmp_rcv,      .err_handler =  ping_err,      .no_policy =    1,      .netns_ok = 1,  };  

IP层与net/core层接口定义如下
[cpp] view plain copy
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  1. static struct packet_type ip_packet_type __read_mostly = {    
  2.     .type = cpu_to_be16(ETH_P_IP),    
  3.     .func = ip_rcv,    
  4.     .gso_send_check = inet_gso_send_check,    
  5.     .gso_segment = inet_gso_segment,    
  6.     .gro_receive = inet_gro_receive,    
  7.     .gro_complete = inet_gro_complete,    
  8. };    
static struct packet_type ip_packet_type __read_mostly = {      .type = cpu_to_be16(ETH_P_IP),      .func = ip_rcv,      .gso_send_check = inet_gso_send_check,      .gso_segment = inet_gso_segment,      .gro_receive = inet_gro_receive,      .gro_complete = inet_gro_complete,  };  




6、数据发送(Data TX)流珵

   数据发送流程如下图所示:



上半部分涉及到的相关代码如下所示(以上流程主要通过dump_stack获取):

     net/socket.c
     net/ipv4/af_net.c
     net/ipv4/tcp.c
     net/ipv4/tcp_output.c
     net/ipv4/ip_output.c
     net/core/neighbour.c
     net/core/dev.c


7、INET初始化

    INET为Linux OS实现了TCP/IP协议集,它使用BSD Socket接口作为与User通讯的方式。其初始化代码如下所示:

代码位于:net/ipv4/af_inet.c

[cpp] view plain copy
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  1. static int __init inet_init(void)    
  2. {    
  3.     struct sk_buff *dummy_skb;    
  4.     struct inet_protosw *q;    
  5.     struct list_head *r;    
  6.     int rc = -EINVAL;    
  7.     
  8.     BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(struct inet_skb_parm) > sizeof(dummy_skb->cb));    
  9.     
  10.     sysctl_local_reserved_ports = kzalloc(65536 / 8, GFP_KERNEL);    
  11.     if (!sysctl_local_reserved_ports)    
  12.         goto out;    
  13.     
  14.     rc = proto_register(&tcp_prot, 1);    
  15.     if (rc)    
  16.         goto out_free_reserved_ports;    
  17.     
  18.     rc = proto_register(&udp_prot, 1);    
  19.     if (rc)    
  20.         goto out_unregister_tcp_proto;    
  21.     
  22.     rc = proto_register(&raw_prot, 1);    
  23.     if (rc)    
  24.         goto out_unregister_udp_proto;    
  25.     
  26.     rc = proto_register(&ping_prot, 1);    
  27.     if (rc)    
  28.         goto out_unregister_raw_proto;    
  29.     
  30.     /*  
  31.      *  Tell SOCKET that we are alive…  
  32.      */    
  33.     
  34.     (void)sock_register(&inet_family_ops);    
  35.     
  36. #ifdef CONFIG_SYSCTL    
  37.     ip_static_sysctl_init();    
  38. #endif    
  39.     
  40.     /*  
  41.      *  Add all the base protocols.  
  42.      */    
  43.     
  44.     if (inet_add_protocol(&icmp_protocol, IPPROTO_ICMP) < 0)    
  45.         printk(KERN_CRIT ”inet_init: Cannot add ICMP protocol\n”);    
  46.     if (inet_add_protocol(&udp_protocol, IPPROTO_UDP) < 0)    
  47.         printk(KERN_CRIT ”inet_init: Cannot add UDP protocol\n”);    
  48.     if (inet_add_protocol(&tcp_protocol, IPPROTO_TCP) < 0)    
  49.         printk(KERN_CRIT ”inet_init: Cannot add TCP protocol\n”);    
  50. #ifdef CONFIG_IP_MULTICAST    
  51.     if (inet_add_protocol(&igmp_protocol, IPPROTO_IGMP) < 0)    
  52.         printk(KERN_CRIT ”inet_init: Cannot add IGMP protocol\n”);    
  53. #endif    
  54.     
  55.     /* Register the socket-side information for inet_create. */    
  56.     for (r = &inetsw[0]; r < &inetsw[SOCK_MAX]; ++r)    
  57.         INIT_LIST_HEAD(r);    
  58.     
  59.     for (q = inetsw_array; q < &inetsw_array[INETSW_ARRAY_LEN]; ++q)    
  60.         inet_register_protosw(q);    
  61.     
  62.     /*  
  63.      *  Set the ARP module up  
  64.      */    
  65.     
  66.     arp_init();    
  67.     
  68.     /*  
  69.      *  Set the IP module up  
  70.      */    
  71.     
  72.     ip_init();    
  73.     
  74.     tcp_v4_init();    
  75.     
  76.     /* Setup TCP slab cache for open requests. */    
  77.     tcp_init();    
  78.     
  79.     /* Setup UDP memory threshold */    
  80.     udp_init();    
  81.     
  82.     /* Add UDP-Lite (RFC 3828) */    
  83.     udplite4_register();    
  84.     
  85.     ping_init();    
  86.     
  87.     /*  
  88.      *  Set the ICMP layer up  
  89.      */    
  90.     
  91.     if (icmp_init() < 0)    
  92.         panic(”Failed to create the ICMP control socket.\n”);    
  93.     
  94.     /*  
  95.      *  Initialise the multicast router  
  96.      */    
  97. #if defined(CONFIG_IP_MROUTE)    
  98.     if (ip_mr_init())    
  99.         printk(KERN_CRIT ”inet_init: Cannot init ipv4 mroute\n”);    
  100. #endif    
  101.     /*  
  102.      *  Initialise per-cpu ipv4 mibs  
  103.      */    
  104.     
  105.     if (init_ipv4_mibs())    
  106.         printk(KERN_CRIT ”inet_init: Cannot init ipv4 mibs\n”);    
  107.     
  108.     ipv4_proc_init();    
  109.     
  110.     ipfrag_init();    
  111.     
  112.     dev_add_pack(&ip_packet_type);    
  113.     
  114.     rc = 0;    
  115. out:    
  116.     return rc;    
  117. out_unregister_raw_proto:    
  118.     proto_unregister(&raw_prot);    
  119. out_unregister_udp_proto:    
  120.     proto_unregister(&udp_prot);    
  121. out_unregister_tcp_proto:    
  122.     proto_unregister(&tcp_prot);    
  123. out_free_reserved_ports:    
  124.     kfree(sysctl_local_reserved_ports);    
  125.     goto out;    
  126. }    
static int __init inet_init(void)  {      struct sk_buff *dummy_skb;      struct inet_protosw *q;      struct list_head *r;      int rc = -EINVAL;      BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(struct inet_skb_parm) > sizeof(dummy_skb->cb));      sysctl_local_reserved_ports = kzalloc(65536 / 8, GFP_KERNEL);      if (!sysctl_local_reserved_ports)          goto out;      rc = proto_register(&tcp_prot, 1);      if (rc)          goto out_free_reserved_ports;      rc = proto_register(&udp_prot, 1);      if (rc)          goto out_unregister_tcp_proto;      rc = proto_register(&raw_prot, 1);      if (rc)          goto out_unregister_udp_proto;      rc = proto_register(&ping_prot, 1);      if (rc)          goto out_unregister_raw_proto;      /*      *  Tell SOCKET that we are alive...      */      (void)sock_register(&inet_family_ops);  

ifdef CONFIG_SYSCTL

ip_static_sysctl_init();  

endif

/*  *  Add all the base protocols.  */  if (inet_add_protocol(&amp;icmp_protocol, IPPROTO_ICMP) &lt; 0)      printk(KERN_CRIT "inet_init: Cannot add ICMP protocol\n");  if (inet_add_protocol(&amp;udp_protocol, IPPROTO_UDP) &lt; 0)      printk(KERN_CRIT "inet_init: Cannot add UDP protocol\n");  if (inet_add_protocol(&amp;tcp_protocol, IPPROTO_TCP) &lt; 0)      printk(KERN_CRIT "inet_init: Cannot add TCP protocol\n");  

ifdef CONFIG_IP_MULTICAST

if (inet_add_protocol(&amp;igmp_protocol, IPPROTO_IGMP) &lt; 0)      printk(KERN_CRIT "inet_init: Cannot add IGMP protocol\n");  

endif

/* Register the socket-side information for inet_create. */  for (r = &amp;inetsw[0]; r &lt; &amp;inetsw[SOCK_MAX]; ++r)      INIT_LIST_HEAD(r);  for (q = inetsw_array; q &lt; &amp;inetsw_array[INETSW_ARRAY_LEN]; ++q)      inet_register_protosw(q);  /*  *  Set the ARP module up  */  arp_init();  /*  *  Set the IP module up  */  ip_init();  tcp_v4_init();  /* Setup TCP slab cache for open requests. */  tcp_init();  /* Setup UDP memory threshold */  udp_init();  /* Add UDP-Lite (RFC 3828) */  udplite4_register();  ping_init();  /*  *  Set the ICMP layer up  */  if (icmp_init() &lt; 0)      panic("Failed to create the ICMP control socket.\n");  /*  *  Initialise the multicast router  */  

if defined(CONFIG_IP_MROUTE)

if (ip_mr_init())      printk(KERN_CRIT "inet_init: Cannot init ipv4 mroute\n");  

endif

/*  *  Initialise per-cpu ipv4 mibs  */  if (init_ipv4_mibs())      printk(KERN_CRIT "inet_init: Cannot init ipv4 mibs\n");  ipv4_proc_init();  ipfrag_init();  dev_add_pack(&amp;ip_packet_type);  rc = 0;  

out:
return rc;
out_unregister_raw_proto:
proto_unregister(&raw_prot);
out_unregister_udp_proto:
proto_unregister(&udp_prot);
out_unregister_tcp_proto:
proto_unregister(&tcp_prot);
out_free_reserved_ports:
kfree(sysctl_local_reserved_ports);
goto out;
}

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