基于注解的SpringMVC+Spring JDBC template+JSTL-demo练习

demo参考：点击打开链接

Spring注解参考：点击打开链接

SpringMVC参考：点击打开链接

一些关于SpringMVC和注解的知识点：

1.<bean>的注解：

@Service用于标注业务层组件

@Controller用于标注控制层组件（如struts中的action）

@Repository用于标注数据访问组件，即DAO组件

@Component泛指组件，当组件不好归类的时候，我们可以使用这个注解进行标注。

2.注入注解

@Autowired 注释，它可以对类成员变量、方法及构造函数进行标注，完成自动装配的工作@Autowired 按 byType 自动注入。

但是 @Qualifier 结合使用时，自动注入的策略就从 byType 转变成 byName 了

 @Autowired   @Qualifier("student")   private Student student;  

@Resource 默认按 byName 自动注入。@Resource 有两个属性是比较重要的，分别是 name 和 type，Spring 将 @Resource 注释的 name 属性解析为 Bean 的名字，而 type 属性则解析为 Bean 的类型。

3.SpringMVC常用注解

　　@Controller

　　负责注册一个bean 到spring 上下文中

　　@RequestMapping

　　注解为控制器指定可以处理哪些 URL 请求

　　@RequestBody

　　该注解用于读取Request请求的body部分数据，使用系统默认配置的HttpMessageConverter进行解析，然后把相应的数据绑定到要返回的对象上 ,再把HttpMessageConverter返回的对象数据绑定到 controller中方法的参数上

　　@ResponseBody

　　该注解用于将Controller的方法返回的对象，通过适当的HttpMessageConverter转换为指定格式后，写入到Response对象的body数据区

　　@ModelAttribute 　　　

　　在方法定义上使用 @ModelAttribute 注解：Spring MVC 在调用目标处理方法前，会先逐个调用在方法级上标注了@ModelAttribute 的方法

　　在方法的入参前使用 @ModelAttribute 注解：可以从隐含对象中获取隐含的模型数据中获取对象，再将请求参数 –绑定到对象中，再传入入参将方法入参对象添加到模型中 

　　@RequestParam　

　　在处理方法入参处使用 @RequestParam 可以把请求参 数传递给请求方法

　　@PathVariable

　　绑定 URL 占位符到入参

　　@ExceptionHandler

　　注解到方法上，出现异常时会执行该方法

　　@ControllerAdvice

　　使一个Contoller成为全局的异常处理类，类中用@ExceptionHandler方法注解的方法可以处理所有Controller发生的异常

demo目录结构：

demo展示：

1.web.xml。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">  <display-name>Student</display-name>  <welcome-file-list>    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>  </welcome-file-list>  <servlet>    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>    <init-param>          <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>          <param-value>/WEB-INF/springmvc-servlet.xml</param-value>      </init-param>      <!-- <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> --></servlet> <servlet-mapping>    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern></servlet-mapping><!-- Spring配置 --><!-- ====================================== --><!--监听器  自动装配ApplicationContext的配置信息--><listener>   <listener-class>     org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener   </listener-class></listener>  <!-- 指定Spring Bean的配置文件所在目录。默认配置在WEB-INF目录下 自动装配ApplicationContext的配置信息--><context-param>    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>    <param-value>/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml    </param-value></context-param><!-- 乱码问题 --><filter><filter-name>SpringEncodingFilter</filter-name><filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class><init-param><param-name>encoding</param-name><param-value>UTF-8</param-value></init-param><init-param><param-name>forceEncoding</param-name><param-value>true</param-value></init-param></filter><filter-mapping><filter-name>SpringEncodingFilter</filter-name><url-pattern>/*</url-pattern></filter-mapping></web-app>

2.springmvc-servlet.xml 与之前web.xml配置的servlet名字对应。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.1.xsd        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.1.xsd">                          <!-- 启用spring mvc 注解 -->    <context:annotation-config />    <!-- scan the package and the sub package -->    <context:component-scan base-package="com.example.controller"/> <context:component-scan base-package="com.example.dao.impl"/> <context:component-scan base-package="com.example.service.impl"/>    <!-- don't handle the static resource -->    <mvc:default-servlet-handler />     <!-- if you use annotation you must configure following setting -->    <mvc:annotation-driven />         <!-- 完成请求和注解POJO的映射 -->    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter" />    <!-- configure the InternalResourceViewResolver 一种试图解析器 -->    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"            id="internalResourceViewResolver">        <!-- 前缀 -->        <property name="prefix" value="/jsp/"/>        <!-- 后缀 -->        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />    </bean>    </beans>

3.applicationContext.xml 配置数据源。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.1.xsd        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.1.xsd"><!-- declare datasource bean --><bean id="dataSource"class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource"><property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" /><property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/student" /><property name="username" value="root" /><property name="password" value="root" /></bean></beans>        

4.控制层。

@Controllerpublic class StudentController{@AutowiredStudentService service;@RequestMapping(value="jsp/showAdd")public ModelAndView showAddStudent(@ModelAttribute Student student){Map<String, Object> map = getCheckButton();return new ModelAndView("addStudent","map",map);}@RequestMapping(value="jsp/add")public ModelAndView addStudent(@ModelAttribute Student student){if(student.getName() != "" && student.getSex() != "" && student.getInstitute() != "" && student.getDate() != "" ) {service.addStudent(student); }return new ModelAndView("redirect:show");}@RequestMapping(value="jsp/show" )public ModelAndView queryStudent(){List<Student> studentlList = service.getStudentList();return new ModelAndView("queryStudent","studentList",studentlList);}@RequestMapping(value="jsp/delete")public ModelAndView deleteStudent(@RequestParam String id){service.deleteStudent(id);return new ModelAndView("redirect:show");}@RequestMapping(value="jsp/edit")public ModelAndView editStudent(@RequestParam String id,@ModelAttribute Student student){Student student2 = service.queryOneStudent(id);Map<String, Object> map = getCheckButton();map.put("student2", student2);return new ModelAndView("changeStudent","map",map);}@RequestMapping(value="jsp/update")public ModelAndView updateStudent(@ModelAttribute Student student){service.changeStudent(student);return new ModelAndView("redirect:show");}public Map<String,Object> getCheckButton(){List<String> gendarList = new ArrayList<>();gendarList.add("male");gendarList.add("female");List<String> instituteList = new ArrayList<>();instituteList.add("计算机与软件学院");instituteList.add("人文学院");instituteList.add("外国语学院");instituteList.add("艺术学院");instituteList.add("机械学院");Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();map.put("gendarList", gendarList);map.put("instituteList", instituteList);return map;}}

5.StudentDao

public interface StudentDao{public void addStudent(Student student);public void deleteStudent(String id);public Student queryOneStudent(String id);public void changeStudent(Student student);public List<Student> getStudentList();}

6.StudentDaoImpl

@Repository("studentDao")public class StudentDaoImpl implements StudentDao{public StudentDaoImpl() {super();// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub}@AutowiredDataSource dataSource;@Overridepublic void addStudent(Student student) {// TODO Auto-generated method stubString sql = "insert into student.student" +"(name,sex,institute,birth) values (?,?,?,?)";JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate = new JdbcTemplate(dataSource);jdbcTemplate.update(sql, new Object[]{student.getName(),student.getSex(),student.getInstitute(),student.getDate()});}@Overridepublic void deleteStudent(String id) {// TODO Auto-generated method stubString sql = "delete from student.student where id=" + id;JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate = new JdbcTemplate(dataSource);jdbcTemplate.update(sql);}@Overridepublic Student queryOneStudent(String id) {// TODO Auto-generated method stubString sql = "select * from student.student where id=" + id;JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate = new JdbcTemplate(dataSource);List<Student> list = jdbcTemplate.query(sql,new StudentMapperRow()); return list.get(0);}@Overridepublic void changeStudent(Student student) {// TODO Auto-generated method stubString sql = "update student.student set name=?,sex=?,institute=?,birth=? where id=?";JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate = new JdbcTemplate(dataSource);jdbcTemplate.update(sql, new Object[]{student.getName(),student.getSex(),student.getInstitute(),student.getDate(),student.getId()});}@Overridepublic List<Student> getStudentList() {// TODO Auto-generated method stubList<Student> list = new ArrayList<Student>();String sql = "select * from student.student";JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate = new JdbcTemplate(dataSource);list = jdbcTemplate.query(sql,new StudentMapperRow());return list;}}

7.StudentMapperRow 映射student

public class StudentMapperRow implements RowMapper<Student> {@Overridepublic Student mapRow(ResultSet arg0, int arg1) throws SQLException {// TODO Auto-generated method stubStudent student = new Student();student.setId(Integer.parseInt(arg0.getString(1)));student.setName(arg0.getString(2));student.setSex(arg0.getString(3));student.setInstitute(arg0.getString(5));student.setDate(arg0.getString(4));return student;}}

8.StudentService

public interface StudentService{public void addStudent(Student student);public void deleteStudent(String id);public Student queryOneStudent(String id);public void changeStudent(Student student);public List<Student> getStudentList();}

9.StudentServiceImpl

@Service("studentService")public class StudentServiceImpl implements StudentService{@Resource(name="studentDao")private StudentDao studentDao; @Overridepublic void addStudent(Student student) {studentDao.addStudent(student);}@Overridepublic void deleteStudent(String id) {// TODO Auto-generated method stubstudentDao.deleteStudent(id);}@Overridepublic Student queryOneStudent(String id) {// TODO Auto-generated method stubreturn studentDao.queryOneStudent(id);}@Overridepublic void changeStudent(Student student) {// TODO Auto-generated method stubstudentDao.changeStudent(student);}@Overridepublic List<Student> getStudentList() {// TODO Auto-generated method stubreturn studentDao.getStudentList();}}

10.Student

public class Student{private int id;private String name;private String sex;private String institute;private String date;public Student(){}public Student(int id,String name, String sex, String institute, String date) {super();this.id = id;this.name = name;this.sex = sex;this.institute = institute;this.date = date;}public String getName() {return name;}public void setName(String name) {this.name = name;}public String getSex() {return sex;}public void setSex(String sex) {this.sex = sex;}public String getInstitute() {return institute;}public void setInstitute(String institute) {this.institute = institute;}public String getDate() {return date;}public void setDate(String date) {this.date = date;}public int getId() {return id;}public void setId(int id) {this.id = id;}@Overridepublic String toString() {return "Student [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", sex=" + sex+ ", institute=" + institute + ", date=" + date + "]";}}

11.addStudent.jsp

<form:form action="add" method="post" modelAttribute="student">student name:<form:input path="name"/><br>student sex:<form:radiobuttons path="sex" items="${map.gendarList }"/><br>student institute:<form:select path="institute" items="${map.instituteList }"></form:select><br>student date:<input type="date" name="date"><br><input type="submit" value="submit"><input type="reset" value="reset"></form:form>

12.changeStudent.jsp

<form:form action="update" method="post" modelAttribute="student">student id:<form:input path="id" readonly="true" value="${map.student2.id }" /><br>student name:<form:input path="name" value="${map.student2.name }"/><br>student sex:<c:forEach items="${map.gendarList }" var="gendar"><c:choose><c:when test="${map.student2.sex eq gendar }"><input type="radio" name="sex" value="${gendar} " checked="checked"> ${gendar} </c:when><c:otherwise><input type="radio" name="sex" value="${gendar} " > ${gendar}</c:otherwise></c:choose></c:forEach><br>student institute:<select name="institute"><c:forEach items="${map.instituteList }" var="institute"><c:choose><c:when test="${map.student2.institute eq institute }"><option selected="selected" value="${institute }">${institute }</option></c:when><c:otherwise><option value="${institute }">${institute }</option> </c:otherwise></c:choose></c:forEach></select><br>student date:<input type="date" name="date" value="${map.student.date }"><br><input type="submit" value="submit"><input type="reset" value="reset"></form:form>

13.queryStudent.jsp

<table border="1px"><tr><td>student id</td><td>student name</td><td>student sex</td><td>student institute</td><td>student date</td><td>edit student</td><td>delete student</td></tr><c:forEach items="${studentList}" var="list"><tr><td>${list.id}</td><td>${list.name }</td><td>${list.sex }</td><td>${list.institute }</td><td>${list.date }</td><td><a href="<c:url value="edit?id=${list.id}"/>">edit</a></td><td><a href="<c:url value="delete?id=${list.id}"/>">delete</a></td></tr></c:forEach></table><a href="showAdd">add student</a>