Linux中常用的查看系统信息的操作指令

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uname ->查看系统内核版本

[root@noker ~]#uname -aLinux linuxprobe.com 2.6.32-358.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Tue Jan 29 11:47:41 EST 2013 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux[root@noker ~]#

lsb_release 或者cat /etc/issue->查看系统版本

[root@noker ~]# lsb_release -aLSB Version: :base-4.0-amd64:base-4.0-noarch:core-4.0-amd64:core-4.0-noarch:graphics-4.0-amd64:graphics-4.0-noarch:printing-4.0-amd64:printing-4.0-noarchDistributor ID: RedHatEnterpriseServerDescription: Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 6.4 (Santiago)Release: 6.4Codename: Santiago

[root@noker ~]#cat /etc/issueRed Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 6.4 (Santiago)Kernel \r on an \m[root@noker ~]#

free ->查看内存

[root@noker~]# free             total       used       free     shared    buffers     cachedMem:       5228872     669360    4559512          0      28060     266936-/+ buffers/cache:     374364    4854508Swap:      4194296          0    4194296[root@noker~]# free -m             total       used       free     shared    buffers     cachedMem:          5106        653       4452          0         27        260-/+ buffers/cache:        365       4740Swap:         4095          0       4095[root@noker~]# free -g             total       used       free     shared    buffers     cachedMem:             4          0          4          0          0          0-/+ buffers/cache:          0          4Swap:            3          0          3[root@noker~]#

查看CPU

uptime ->系统平衡负载

[root@noker~]# uptime 20:09:48 up 43 min,  3 users,  load average: 0.35, 0.25, 0.11    //系统的平均负载，1分钟，5分钟，15分钟

top ->实时监控系统CPU和内存

[root@noker~]# toptop - 20:15:41 up 49 min,  3 users,  load average: 0.41, 0.38, 0.21Tasks: 236 total,   1 running, 235 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombieCpu(s):  0.2%us,  0.5%sy,  0.0%ni, 98.8%id,  0.5%wa,  0.0%hi,  0.0%si,  0.0%stMem:   5228872k total,   671136k used,  4557736k free,    28324k buffersSwap:  4194296k total,        0k used,  4194296k free,   267360k cached   PID USER      PR  NI  VIRT  RES  SHR S %CPU %MEM    TIME+  COMMAND                         1 root      20   0 19360 1536 1224 S  0.0  0.0   0:05.37 init                             2 root      20   0     0    0    0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.02 kthreadd                         3 root      RT   0     0    0    0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.07 migration/0                      4 root      20   0     0    0    0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.14 ksoftirqd/0                      5 root      RT   0     0    0    0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 migration/0                      6 root      RT   0     0    0    0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.01 watchdog/0                       7 root      RT   0     0    0    0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.69 migration/1                      8 root      RT   0     0    0    0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 migration/1                      9 root      20   0     0    0    0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.10 ksoftirqd/1                     10 root      RT   0     0    0    0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 watchdog/1                      11 root      RT   0     0    0    0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.10 migration/2                     12 root      RT   0     0    0    0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 migration/2                     13 root      20   0     0    0    0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.01 ksoftirqd/2                     14 root      RT   0     0    0    0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 watchdog/2                      15 root      RT   0     0    0    0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.17 migration/3                     16 root      RT   0     0    0    0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 migration/3                     17 root      20   0     0    0    0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.06 ksoftirqd/3                     18 root      RT   0     0    0    0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 watchdog/3                      19 root      20   0     0    0    0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.41 events/0

/proc/cpuinfo ->查看CPU参数

[root@noker~]#  cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep "physical id" | uniq | wc -l2                                              //cpu个数[root@noker~]# cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep "cpu cores" | uniqcpu cores   : 2                           //线程数[root@noker~]# cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep 'model name' |uniqmodel name  : Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-3230M CPU @ 2.60GHz                                             //cpu型号参数

df 或者 fdisk -l->查看系统硬盘信息

[root@noker~]# df文件系统             1K-块      已用      可用 已用% 挂载点/dev/sda2             41284928    469040  38718736   2% /tmpfs                  2614436       224   2614212   1% /dev/shm/dev/sda1                99150     32504     61526  35% /boot/dev/sda6               516040     18016    471812   4% /home/dev/sda3              4128448   2542976   1375760  65% /usr[root@noker~]# df -h                     //以简单的看得懂的方式显示文件系统          容量  已用  可用 已用%% 挂载点/dev/sda2              40G  459M   37G   2% /tmpfs                 2.5G  224K  2.5G   1% /dev/shm/dev/sda1              97M   32M   61M  35% /boot/dev/sda6             504M   18M  461M   4% /home/dev/sda3             4.0G  2.5G  1.4G  65% /usr

[root@noker~]# fdisk -lDisk /dev/sda: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 13054 cylindersUnits = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytesDisk identifier: 0x000f0739   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System/dev/sda1   *           1          13      102400   83  LinuxPartition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary./dev/sda2              13        5235    41943040   83  Linux/dev/sda3            5235        5757     4194304   83  Linux/dev/sda4            5757       13055    58616832    5  Extended/dev/sda5            5757        6280     4194304   82  Linux swap / Solaris/dev/sda6            6280        6345      524288   83  Linux[root@noker~]#  fdisk -l | grep DiskDisk /dev/sda: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytesDisk identifier: 0x000f0739[root@noker~]#

iostat ->查看硬盘读写速度

[root@noker~]#  iostat -t 1 3                                     //1s一次，查看3次Linux 2.6.32-358.el6.x86_64 (twj.baidu.com)     2016年06月07日     _x86_64_    (4 CPU)2016年06月07日 20时40分03秒avg-cpu:  %user   %nice %system %iowait  %steal   %idle           0.17    0.06    0.74    0.84    0.00   98.19Device:            tps   Blk_read/s   Blk_wrtn/s   Blk_read   Blk_wrtnsda               8.34       273.82       136.61    1216528     6069042016年06月07日 20时40分04秒avg-cpu:  %user   %nice %system %iowait  %steal   %idle           0.00    2.10    9.97   13.12    0.00   74.80Device:            tps   Blk_read/s   Blk_wrtn/s   Blk_read   Blk_wrtnsda              89.00      3472.00     11208.00       3472      112082016年06月07日 20时40分05秒avg-cpu:  %user   %nice %system %iowait  %steal   %idle           0.00    1.99   14.35    9.05    0.00   74.61Device:            tps   Blk_read/s   Blk_wrtn/s   Blk_read   Blk_wrtnsda              66.13      1464.52      9800.00       1816      12152

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